爬取报刊名称及地址

目标：爬取全国报刊名称及地址

链接：http://news.xinhuanet.com/zgjx/2007-09/13/content_6714741.htm

目的：练习scrapy爬取数据

学习过scrapy的基本使用方法后，我们开始写一个最简单的爬虫吧。

目标截图：

　　1、创建爬虫工程

1 2	$ cd ~/code/crawler/scrapyProject $ scrapy startproject newSpapers

　　2、创建爬虫程序

1 2	$ cd newSpapers/ $ scrapy genspider nationalNewspaper news.xinhuanet.com

　　3、配置数据爬取项　

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$ cat items.py # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-   # Define here the models for your scraped items # # See documentation in: # http://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/items.html   import scrapy     class NewspapersItem(scrapy.Item):     # define the fields for your item here like:     # name = scrapy.Field()     name = scrapy.Field()     addr = scrapy.Field()

　4、　配置爬虫程序

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$ cat spiders/nationalNewspaper.py # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- import scrapy from newSpapers.items import NewspapersItem   class NationalnewspaperSpider(scrapy.Spider):     name = "nationalNewspaper"     allowed_domains = ["news.xinhuanet.com"]     start_urls = ['http://news.xinhuanet.com/zgjx/2007-09/13/content_6714741.htm']       def parse(self, response):         sub_country = response.xpath('//*[@id="Zoom"]/div/table/tbody/tr[2]')         sub2_local = response.xpath('//*[@id="Zoom"]/div/table/tbody/tr[4]')         tags_a_country = sub_country.xpath('./td/table/tbody/tr/td/p/a')         items = []         for each in tags_a_country:             item = NewspapersItem()             item['name'] = each.xpath('./strong/text()').extract()             item['addr'] = each.xpath('./@href').extract()             items.append(item)         return items

　　5、配置谁去处理爬取结果

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$ cat settings.py …… #HTTPCACHE_STORAGE = 'scrapy.extensions.httpcache.FilesystemCacheStorage' ITEM_PIPELINES = {'newSpapers.pipelines.NewspapersPipeline':100}

　　6、配置数据处理程序

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$ cat pipelines.py # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-   # Define your item pipelines here # # Don't forget to add your pipeline to the ITEM_PIPELINES setting # See: http://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/item-pipeline.html   import time class NewspapersPipeline(object):     def process_item(self, item, spider):         now = time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d',time.localtime())         filename = 'newspaper.txt'         print '================='         print item         print '================'         with open(filename,'a') as fp:             fp.write(item['name'][0].encode("utf8")+ ' ' +item['addr'][0].encode("utf8") + ' ')         return item

　　7、查看结果

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$ cat spiders/newspaper.txt 人民日报    http://paper.people.com.cn/rmrb/html/2007-09/20/node_17.htm 海外版 http://paper.people.com.cn/rmrbhwb/html/2007-09/20/node_34.htm 光明日报    http://www.gmw.cn/01gmrb/2007-09/20/default.htm 经济日报    http://www.economicdaily.com.cn/no1/ 解放军报    http://www.gmw.cn/01gmrb/2007-09/20/default.htm 中国日报    http://pub1.chinadaily.com.cn/cdpdf/cndy/