数据库连接池
pymsql链接数据库
import pymysql
conn = pymysql.connect(host='127.0.0.1', port=3306, user='root', passwd='123456', db='s8day127db')
cursor = conn.cursor(cursor=pymysql.cursors.DictCursor)
# cursor.execute("select id,name from users where name=%s and pwd=%s",['lqz','123',])
cursor.execute("select id,name from users where name=%(user)s and pwd=%(pwd)s",{'user':'lqz','pwd':'123'})
obj = cursor.fetchone()
conn.commit()
cursor.close()
conn.close()
print(obj)
数据库连接池版
方式一
为每个线程创建一个连接,线程即使调用了close方法,也不会关闭,只是把连接重新放到连接池,供自己线程再次使用。当线程终止时,连接自动关闭
from DBUtils.PersistentDB import PersistentDB
import pymysql
POOL = PersistentDB(
creator=pymysql, # 使用链接数据库的模块
maxusage=None, # 一个链接最多被重复使用的次数,None表示无限制
setsession=[], # 开始会话前执行的命令列表。
ping=0,
# ping MySQL服务端,检查是否服务可用。
closeable=False,
# 如果为False时, conn.close() 实际上被忽略,供下次使用,再线程关闭时,才会自动关闭链接。如果为True时, conn.close()则关闭链接,那么再次调用pool.connection时就会报错,因为已经真的关闭了连接(pool.steady_connection()可以获取一个新的链接)
threadlocal=None, # 本线程独享值得对象,用于保存链接对象,如果链接对象被重置
host='127.0.0.1',
port=3306,
user='root',
password='123456',
database='test',
charset='utf8'
)
def func():
conn = POOL.connection(shareable=False)
cursor = conn.cursor()
cursor.execute('select * from user')
result = cursor.fetchall()
print(result)
cursor.close()
conn.close()
if __name__ == '__main__':
func()
方式二
创建一批连接到连接池,供所有线程共享使用
setting.py
from datetime import timedelta
from redis import Redis
import pymysql
from DBUtils.PooledDB import PooledDB, SharedDBConnection
class Config(object):
DEBUG = True
SECRET_KEY = "umsuldfsdflskjdf"
PERMANENT_SESSION_LIFETIME = timedelta(minutes=20)
SESSION_REFRESH_EACH_REQUEST= True
SESSION_TYPE = "redis"
PYMYSQL_POOL = PooledDB(
creator=pymysql, # 使用链接数据库的模块
maxconnections=6, # 连接池允许的最大连接数,0和None表示不限制连接数
mincached=2, # 初始化时,链接池中至少创建的空闲的链接,0表示不创建
maxcached=5, # 链接池中最多闲置的链接,0和None不限制
maxshared=3,
# 链接池中最多共享的链接数量,0和None表示全部共享。PS: 无用,因为pymysql和MySQLdb等模块的 threadsafety都为1,所有值无论设置为多少,_maxcached永远为0,所以永远是所有链接都共享。
blocking=True, # 连接池中如果没有可用连接后,是否阻塞等待。True,等待;False,不等待然后报错
maxusage=None, # 一个链接最多被重复使用的次数,None表示无限制
setsession=[], # 开始会话前执行的命令列表。如:["set datestyle to ...", "set time zone ..."]
ping=0,
# ping MySQL服务端,检查是否服务可用。# 如:0 = None = never, 1 = default = whenever it is requested, 2 = when a cursor is created, 4 = when a query is executed, 7 = always
host='127.0.0.1',
port=3306,
user='root',
password='123456',
database='s8day127db',
charset='utf8'
)
class ProductionConfig(Config):
SESSION_REDIS = Redis(host='192.168.0.94', port='6379')
class DevelopmentConfig(Config):
SESSION_REDIS = Redis(host='127.0.0.1', port='6379')
class TestingConfig(Config):
pass
utils/sql.py
import pymysql
from settings import Config
class SQLHelper(object):
@staticmethod
def open(cursor):
POOL = Config.PYMYSQL_POOL
conn = POOL.connection()
cursor = conn.cursor(cursor=cursor)
return conn,cursor
@staticmethod
def close(conn,cursor):
conn.commit()
cursor.close()
conn.close()
@classmethod
def fetch_one(cls,sql,args,cursor =pymysql.cursors.DictCursor):
conn,cursor = cls.open(cursor)
cursor.execute(sql, args)
obj = cursor.fetchone()
cls.close(conn,cursor)
return obj
@classmethod
def fetch_all(cls,sql, args,cursor =pymysql.cursors.DictCursor):
conn, cursor = cls.open(cursor)
cursor.execute(sql, args)
obj = cursor.fetchall()
cls.close(conn, cursor)
return obj
使用:
obj = SQLHelper.fetch_one("select id,name from users where name=%(user)s and pwd=%(pwd)s", form.data)