• Django--母版


    在之前的两个小程序中,可以发现在写html页面的时候有很多重复的代码

    而在python中,为了避免写重复代码,我们通过函数、模块或者类来进行实现,所以在Django里面也有这样的功能,帮我们把html基本母版页面变成可继承的,相当于python中写了基类

    母版

    母版就是在我们写的项目中,html页面总是会有一部分是固定不变的,我们可以把这部分抽取出来,变成一个母版,然后在母版中通过占位符进行占位,子版在继承母版后就可以在占位符中进行添加内容

    语法

    1. 母版
    # layout.html
    
    写三个占位符:
    a. 内容占位符 
    {% block mycontent %}
    
    {% endblock %}
    
    b. css占位符
    {% block mycss %}
    
    {% endblock %}
    
    c. js占位符
    {% block myjs %}
    
    {% endblock %}
    
    1. 子版
    继承母版页面:
    {%extends 'layout.html'%}
    
    {% block mycontent %}
    	写自己的内容
    {% endblock %}
    

    案例

    # 母版  layout.html
    
    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="en">
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <title>学生管理系统</title>
        <link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/bootstrap/css/bootstrap.min.css">
        <style>
            * {
                margin: 0;
                padding: 0;
            }
    
            .body {
                position: fixed;
                top: 0;
                right: 0;
                left: 0;
                bottom: 0;
                background: url("/static/img/5b73957e18ee0.jpg") no-repeat -20px -100px;
                background-size: 1300px;
            }
    
            .head {
                margin-top: 20px;
                margin-left: 20px;
            }
    
            .title {
                color: floralwhite;
                font-size: 40px;
                font-family: 'Consolas', 'Deja Vu Sans Mono', 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', monospace;
            }
    
            .body-nav {
                position: absolute;
                 250px;
                height: 600px;
                background-color: black;
                opacity: 0.6;
                text-align: center;
            }
    
            .main {
                position: absolute;
                left: 250px;
                right: 0;
                height: 600px;
                background-color: lightgrey;
                opacity: 0.8;
                padding: 20px;
            }
    
            li a {
                color: white;
            }
    
        </style>
    
        <style>
    
            .shadow {
                position: fixed;
                left: 0;
                right: 0;
                top: 0;
                bottom: 0;
                background-color: black;
                opacity: 0.4;
                display: none;
            }
    
            .add_model, .update_model {
                position: fixed;
                height: 300px;
                 500px;
                left: 500px;
                top: 100px;
                background-color: white;
                display: none;
                border-radius: 10px;
                }
    
            .model {
                margin-top: 10px;
                margin-left: 40px;
            }
    
            .model input {
                height: 34px;
                 203px;
                padding: 6px 12px;
                border: 1px solid #ccc;
                border-radius: 4px;
                background-color: #fff;
            }
        </style>
    
        {% block mycss %}
    
        {% endblock %}
    </head>
    <body>
    <div class="body">
        <div class="head">
            <h1 class="title">学生管理系统</h1>
        </div>
        <div class="body-nav">
            <ul class="nav nav-pills nav-stacked">
                <li style="margin-top: 30px;"><a href="/classes/">班级管理</a></li>
                <li><a href="/students/">学生管理</a></li>
                <li><a href="/teachers/">老师管理</a></li>
            </ul>
        </div>
        <div class="main">
            {% block mycontent %}
    
            {% endblock %}
        </div>
    </div>
    {#CDN导入jQuery#}
    <script src="/static/js/jquery-1.12.4.min.js"></script>
    
    {% block myjs %}
    
    {% endblock %}
    </body>
    </html>
    
    # 以clsses页面为例
    
    # 继承母版
    {% extends 'layout.html' %}
    
    # 添加classes.html 独有的css内容
    {% block mycss %}
        <style>
            select {
                height: 34px;
                 203px;
                padding: 6px 12px;
                border: 1px solid #ccc;
                border-radius: 4px;
                background-color: #fff;
            }
        </style>
    {% endblock %}
    
    # 添加classes.html 内容
    {% block mycontent %}
        <h3>学生表</h3>
        <table class="table table-hover table-bordered">
            <tbody>
            <tr>
                <th>ID</th>
                <th>姓名</th>
                <th>年龄</th>
                <th>班级</th>
                <th>更新</th>
                <th>删除</th>
            </tr>
            {% for stu in students %}
                <tr>
                    <td>{{ stu.sid }}</td>
                    <td>{{ stu.name }}</td>
                    <td>{{ stu.age }}</td>
                    <td clsid="{{ stu.cid }}">{{ stu.cname }}</td>
                    <td>
                        <button class="btn btn-info"><a href="/update_student/?id={{ stu.sid }}"
                                                        style="color: white;text-decoration: none;">更新</a></button>
                        <button class="ajax_update btn btn-primary">ajax更新</button>
                    </td>
                    <td>
                        <button class="btn btn-danger"><a href="/del_student/?id={{ stu.sid }}" class="delete"
                                                          style="color: white;text-decoration: none;">删除</a></button>
                        {#                <button class="ajax_delete">ajax删除</button>#}
                    </td>
                </tr>
            {% endfor %}
    
            </tbody>
        </table>
        <br><br>
        <button class="btn btn-info"><a href="/add_student/" style="color: white;text-decoration: none;">添加学生</a></button>
        <button id="ajax_add" class="btn btn-primary">ajax添加学生</button>
    
        {# 遮罩层 #}
        <div class="shadow"></div>
    
        {# 弹出框层 #}
        {# 增加学生 #}
        <div class="add_model">
            {#    <input type="hidden" name="class_id">#}
            <div>
                <h4 style="text-align: center; margin-top: 20px;">增加学生</h4>
                <hr>
            </div>
            <div class="model" style="margin-left: 120px">
                名字:<input type="text" name="name" id="add_student"><br>
                年龄:<input type="text" name="age" id="add_age"><br>
                <div style="margin-top: 2px;margin-bottom: 2px">
                    班级:<select name="add_cid" id="add_cid">
                    {% for class in classes %}
                        <option value="{{ class.id }}">{{ class.cname }}</option>
                    {% endfor %}
                </select></div>
                <span id="add_error" style="color:red; font-size: 12px; margin-bottom: 10px;"></span><br>
                <button id="add" class="btn btn-danger" style="margin-left: 48px;">添加</button>
                <button class="add_cancel btn btn-primary" style="margin-left: 40px;">取消</button>
            </div>
        </div>
    
        {# 更新学生 #}
        <div class="update_model">
            <div>
                <h4 style="text-align: center; margin-top: 20px;">更新学生</h4>
                <hr>
            </div>
            <div class="model" style="margin-left: 120px">
                <input type="hidden" name="sid" id="up_sid">
                姓名:<input type="text" name="name" id="up_name"><br>
                年龄:<input type="text" name="age" id="up_age">
                <div style="margin-top: 2px;margin-bottom: 2px">
                    班级:<select name="up_cid" id="up_cid">
                    {% for class in classes %}
                        <option value="{{ class.id }}">{{ class.cname }}</option>
                    {% endfor %}
                </select>
                </div>
                <span id="up_error" style="color:red; font-size: 12px; margin-bottom: 10px;"></span><br>
                <button id="update" class="btn btn-danger" style="margin-left: 48px;">更新</button>
                <button class="up_cancel btn btn-primary" style="margin-left: 48px;">取消</button>
            </div>
        </div>
    {% endblock %}
    
    
    # 添加classes.html 独有的js内容
    {% block myjs %}
        {# 删除学生 #}
        <script>
            $('.delete').click(function () {
                res = window.confirm('是否删除学生');
                return res;
            });
        </script>
    
        {# 增加学生 #}
        <script>
            $('#ajax_add').click(function () {
                $('.shadow, .add_model').css('display', 'block');
            });
    
            $('.add_cancel').click(function () {
                $('.shadow, .add_model').hide();
                window.location.href = '/students/'
            });
    
            $('#add').click(function () {
                var name = $('#add_student').val();
                var age = $('#add_age').val();
                var cid = $('#add_cid').val();
                $.ajax({
                    type: 'POST',
                    url: '/ajax_add_student/',
                    data: {'name': name, 'age': age, 'cid': cid},
                    success: function (data) {
                        var res = JSON.parse(data);
    
                        if (res['code'] == 10000) {
                            alert(res['msg']);
                            window.location.href = '/students/';
                        } else {
                            $('#add_error').text(res['msg']);
                        }
                    }
                })
            });
    
        </script>
    
        {# 更新学生 #}
        <script>
            $('.ajax_update').click(function () {
                $('.shadow, .update_model').show();
                var info = $(this).parent().prevAll();
                var age = info[1].innerText;
                var name = info[2].innerText;
                var id = info[3].innerText;
                var cid = $(info[0]).attr('clsid');
    
                $('#up_age').val(age);
                $('#up_name').val(name);
                $('#up_sid').val(id);
                $('#up_cid').val(cid);
            });
    
            $('.up_cancel').click(function () {
                $('.shadow, .update_model').hide();
                window.location.href = '/students/';
            });
    
            $('#update').click(function () {
                var name = $('#up_name').val();
                var age = $('#up_age').val();
                var id = $('#up_sid').val();
                var cid = $('#up_cid').val();
    
                $.ajax({
                    type: 'POST',
                    url: '/ajax_update_student/',
                    data: {'id': id, 'name': name, 'age': age, 'cid': cid},
                    success: function (data) {
                        var res = JSON.parse(data);
                        if (res['code'] == 10000) {
                            alert(res['msg']);
                            window.location.href = '/students/';
                        } else {
                            $('#up_error').text(res['msg']);
                        }
                    }
                })
            });
    
        </script>
    {% endblock %}
    
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/Hades123/p/11366294.html
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