• nginx的yum安装,基本参数使用,编译参数说明和Nginx基本配置,模块安装

    nginx的yum安装
    从nginx官网获取源

    vim /etc/yum.repose.d/nginx.repo
    [nginx]
    name=nginx repo
    baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/OS/OSRELEASE/$basearch/
    gpgcheck=0
    enabled=1
    OS改为centos
    OSRELEASE改为当前系统版本
    [nginx]
    name=nginx repo
    baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/centos/6/$basearch/
    gpgcheck=0
    enabled=1

    yum install ngnx

    rpm -ql nginx
[root@localhost110 sbin]# rpm -ql nginx
/etc/logrotate.d/nginx          配置文件   nginx日志轮转，用于logrotata服务的日志切割
/etc/nginx
/etc/nginx/conf.d
/etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
/etc/nginx/fastcgi_params
/etc/nginx/koi-utf
/etc/nginx/koi-win
/etc/nginx/mime.types
/etc/nginx/modules
/etc/nginx/nginx.conf
/etc/nginx/scgi_params
/etc/nginx/uwsgi_params
/etc/nginx/win-utf
/etc/rc.d/init.d/nginx
/etc/rc.d/init.d/nginx-debug
/etc/sysconfig/nginx
/etc/sysconfig/nginx-debug
/usr/lib64/nginx
/usr/lib64/nginx/modules
/usr/sbin/nginx
/usr/sbin/nginx-debug
/usr/share/doc/nginx-1.12.1
/usr/share/doc/nginx-1.12.1/COPYRIGHT
/usr/share/man/man8/nginx.8.gz
/usr/share/nginx
/usr/share/nginx/html
/usr/share/nginx/html/50x.html
/usr/share/nginx/html/index.html
/var/cache/nginx
/var/log/nginx
    View Code

    目录说明
    /etc/logrotate.d/nginx 配置文件 nginx日志轮转，用于logrotata服务的日志切割
    目录配置文件
    /etc/nginx
    /etc/nginx/conf.d
    /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
    /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
    配置文件cgi,fastcgi相关配置
    /etc/nginx/fastcgi_params
    /etc/nginx/scgi_params
    /etc/nginx/uwsgi_params
    配置文件，编码转换映射转化文件
    /etc/nginx/koi-utf
    /etc/nginx/koi-win
    /etc/nginx/win-utf
    配置文件,设置http协议的content-type与扩展名对应文件
    /etc/nginx/mime.types
    用于配置出系统守护进程管理器管理方式
    /etc/rc.d/init.d/nginx
    /etc/rc.d/init.d/nginx-debug
    /etc/sysconfig/nginx
    /etc/sysconfig/nginx-debug
    nginx模块目录
    /etc/nginx/modules
    /usr/lib64/nginx/modules
    nginx服务的启动管理终端命令
    /usr/sbin/nginx
    /usr/sbin/nginx-debug
    手册和帮助文件
    /usr/share/doc/nginx-1.12.1
    /usr/share/doc/nginx-1.12.1/COPYRIGHT
    /usr/share/man/man8/nginx.8.gz
    缓存目录
    /var/cache/nginx
    日志目录
    /var/log/nginx

    2.nginx的编译参数
    nginx -V
    [root@localhost110 sbin]# ./nginx -V
    nginx version: nginx/1.12.1
    built by gcc 4.4.7 20120313 (Red Hat 4.4.7-18) (GCC)
    built with OpenSSL 1.0.1e-fips 11 Feb 2013
    TLS SNI support enabled
    configure arguments: --prefix=/etc/nginx --sbin-path=/usr/sbin/nginx --modules-path=/usr/lib64/nginx/modules --conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf --error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log --http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log --pid-path=/var/run/nginx.pid --lock-path=/var/run/nginx.lock --http-client-body-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/client_temp --http-proxy-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/proxy_temp --http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/fastcgi_temp --http-uwsgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/uwsgi_temp --http-scgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/scgi_temp --user=nginx --group=nginx --with-compat --with-file-aio --with-threads --with-http_addition_module --with-http_auth_request_module --with-http_dav_module --with-http_flv_module --with-http_gunzip_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-http_mp4_module --with-http_random_index_module --with-http_realip_module --with-http_secure_link_module --with-http_slice_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_sub_module --with-http_v2_module --with-mail --with-mail_ssl_module --with-stream --with-stream_realip_module --with-stream_ssl_module --with-stream_ssl_preread_module --with-cc-opt='-O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fexceptions -fstack-protector --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -m64 -mtune=generic -fPIC' --with-ld-opt='-Wl,-z,relro -Wl,-z,now -pie'

    基础路径
    --prefix=/etc/nginx
    --sbin-path=/usr/sbin/nginx
    --modules-path=/usr/lib64/nginx/modules
    --conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf
    --error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log
    --http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log
    --pid-path=/var/run/nginx.pid
    --lock-path=/var/run/nginx.lock
    执行对应模块时,nginx保留的临时目录
    --http-client-body-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/client_temp
    --http-proxy-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/proxy_temp
    --http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/fastcgi_temp
    --http-uwsgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/uwsgi_temp
    --http-scgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/scgi_temp
    用户或组
    --user=nginx --group=nginx

    --with-compat --with-file-aio --with-threads --with-http_addition_module
    --with-http_auth_request_module --with-http_dav_module --with-http_flv_module
    --with-http_gunzip_module
    --with-http_gzip_static_module
    --with-http_mp4_module --with-http_random_index_module
    --with-http_realip_module --with-http_secure_link_module
    --with-http_slice_module --with-http_ssl_module
    --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_sub_module --with-http_v2_module
    --with-mail --with-mail_ssl_module --with-stream --with-stream_realip_module
    --with-stream_ssl_module --with-stream_ssl_preread_module

    设置额外的参数将被添加到CFLAGS变量
    --with-cc-opt='-O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fexceptions -fstack-protector --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -m64 -mtune=generic -fPIC'
    设置的附加参数，链接到系统库
    --with-ld-opt='-Wl,-z,relro -Wl,-z,now -pie'

    nginx的基础配置语法
    user:设置nginx服务的系统使用用户
    worker_processes:工作进程数(和cpu核心数保持一致最好)
    error_log:错误日志
    pid:nginx服务启动时的Pid

    events {
    worker_connections 每个进程的最大连接数
    use io模型
    }

    curl -v 查看请求

    curl -v http://192.168.1.251/1.html 
* About to connect() to 192.168.1.251 port 80 (#0)
*   Trying 192.168.1.251... connected
* Connected to 192.168.1.251 (192.168.1.251) port 80 (#0)
> GET /1.html HTTP/1.1
> User-Agent: curl/7.19.7 (x86_64-redhat-linux-gnu) libcurl/7.19.7 NSS/3.21 Basic ECC zlib/1.2.3 libidn/1.18 libssh2/1.4.2
> Host: 192.168.1.251
> Accept: */*
> 
< HTTP/1.1 200 OK
< Server: nginx/1.12.1
< Date: Fri, 06 Oct 2017 14:11:25 GMT
< Content-Type: text/html
< Content-Length: 7
< Last-Modified: Fri, 06 Oct 2017 14:10:08 GMT
< Connection: keep-alive
< ETag: "59d78ec0-7"
< Accept-Ranges: bytes
< 
1.html
* Connection #0 to host 192.168.1.251 left intact
* Closing connection #0

 curl -v http://192.168.1.251/1.html >/dev/null
* About to connect() to 192.168.1.251 port 80 (#0)
*   Trying 192.168.1.251... connected
* Connected to 192.168.1.251 (192.168.1.251) port 80 (#0)
> GET /1.html HTTP/1.1
> User-Agent: curl/7.19.7 (x86_64-redhat-linux-gnu) libcurl/7.19.7 NSS/3.21 Basic ECC zlib/1.2.3 libidn/1.18 libssh2/1.4.2
> Host: 192.168.1.251
> Accept: */*
> 
< HTTP/1.1 200 OK
< Server: nginx/1.12.1
< Date: Fri, 06 Oct 2017 14:12:02 GMT
< Content-Type: text/html
< Content-Length: 7
< Last-Modified: Fri, 06 Oct 2017 14:10:08 GMT
< Connection: keep-alive
< ETag: "59d78ec0-7"
< Accept-Ranges: bytes
< 
{ [data not shown]
  % Total    % Received % Xferd  Average Speed   Time    Time     Time  Current
                                 Dload  Upload   Total   Spent    Left  Speed
  0     7    0     7    0     0   2266      0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:--     0* Connection #0 to host 192.168.1.251 left intact

* Closing connection #0
    View Code

    页面定制

    error_page 404 /404.html;
location = /404.html{
  return 404 "not find!";
}
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root /usr/share/nginx/html;
}
比如关闭php-fpm后产生502会定位到/50x.html

return http状态码 string
return 200 内容
return 301 跳转到的链接
location ~ ^/getjson{
default_type application/json;
return 200 '{"status":1,"note":"ok"}';
}

location ~* ^/nums/(d+)([a-z]+).html {
set $d $1;
set $s $2;
return 200 str:$d$s;
}
http://192.168.1.251/nums/2017abcE.html
str:2017abcE
#防止乱码
location /txt {
default_type text/html;
add_header Content-Type 'text/html;charset=utf-8';
return 200 "nginx你好";
}

    日志类型

    error.log access_log

    log_format
Syntax: log_format name [escape=default|json] string .....;
Default: log_format combined "....";
Context:http

log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log main;

    nginx变量
    HTTP请求变量
    arg_PARAMETER,http_HEADER,sent_http_HEADER
    内置变量： nginx内置的
    自定义变量：自己定义

    模块安装

    比如要安装 :ngx_http_realip_module

    获取之前的在安装编译参数

    nginx -V
--group=nginx --user=nginx --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log --http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log --http-client-body-temp-path=/tmp/nginx/client_body --http-proxy-temp-path=/tmp/nginx/proxy --http-fastcgi-temp-path=/tmp/nginx/fastcgi --pid-path=/var/run/nginx.pid --lock-path=/var/lock/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-pcre=/usr/local/src/pcre-8.41

    重新编译，编译参数后面加上

    --with-http_realip_module

    进入源码目录

    ./configure 
--group=nginx --user=nginx --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log --http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log --http-client-body-temp-path=/tmp/nginx/client_body --http-proxy-temp-path=/tmp/nginx/proxy --http-fastcgi-temp-path=/tmp/nginx/fastcgi --pid-path=/var/run/nginx.pid --lock-path=/var/lock/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-pcre=/usr/local/src/pcre-8.41 --with-http_realip_module

    make
    不make install
    make完之后在objs目录下就多了个nginx
    替换现有的nginx即可
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  • 原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/HKUI/p/7638577.html
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