• 【Android】Android 8种对话框(Dialog)


    1.写在前面

        Android提供了丰富的Dialog函数,本文介绍最常用的8种对话框的使用方法,包括普通(包含提示消息和按钮)、列表、单选、多选、等待、进度条、编辑、自定义等多种形式,将在第2部分介绍。
        有时,我们希望在对话框创建或关闭时完成一些特定的功能,这需要复写Dialog的create()、show()、dismiss()等方法,将在第3部分介绍。

    2.代码示例

    2.1 普通Dialog(图1和图2)

    2个按钮

    public class MainActivity extends Activity {
     
        @Override
        protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
            super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
            setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
            Button buttonNormal = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button_normal);
            buttonNormal.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
                @Override
                public void onClick(View v) {
                    showNormalDialog();
                }
            });
        }
         
        private void showNormalDialog(){
            /* @setIcon 设置对话框图标
             * @setTitle 设置对话框标题
             * @setMessage 设置对话框消息提示
             * setXXX方法返回Dialog对象,因此可以链式设置属性
             */
            final AlertDialog.Builder normalDialog = 
                new AlertDialog.Builder(MainActivity.this);
            normalDialog.setIcon(R.drawable.icon_dialog);
            normalDialog.setTitle("我是一个普通Dialog")
            normalDialog.setMessage("你要点击哪一个按钮呢?");
            normalDialog.setPositiveButton("确定", 
                new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
                @Override
                public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                    //...To-do
                }
            });
            normalDialog.setNegativeButton("关闭", 
                new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
                @Override
                public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                    //...To-do
                }
            });
            // 显示
            normalDialog.show();
        }
    }

    3个按钮

    /* @setNeutralButton 设置中间的按钮
     * 若只需一个按钮,仅设置 setPositiveButton 即可
     */
    private void showMultiBtnDialog(){
        AlertDialog.Builder normalDialog = 
            new AlertDialog.Builder(MainActivity.this);
        normalDialog.setIcon(R.drawable.icon_dialog);
        normalDialog.setTitle("我是一个普通Dialog").setMessage("你要点击哪一个按钮呢?");
        normalDialog.setPositiveButton("按钮1", 
            new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                // ...To-do
            }
        });
        normalDialog.setNeutralButton("按钮2", 
            new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                // ...To-do
            }
        });
        normalDialog.setNegativeButton("按钮3", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                // ...To-do
            }
        });
        // 创建实例并显示
        normalDialog.show();
    }

    2.2 列表Dialog(图3)

    private void showListDialog() {
        final String[] items = { "我是1","我是2","我是3","我是4" };
        AlertDialog.Builder listDialog = 
            new AlertDialog.Builder(MainActivity.this);
        listDialog.setTitle("我是一个列表Dialog");
        listDialog.setItems(items, new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                // which 下标从0开始
                // ...To-do
                Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, 
                    "你点击了" + items[which], 
                    Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }
        });
        listDialog.show();
    }

    2.3 单选Dialog(图4)

    int yourChoice;
    private void showSingleChoiceDialog(){
        final String[] items = { "我是1","我是2","我是3","我是4" };
        yourChoice = -1;
        AlertDialog.Builder singleChoiceDialog = 
            new AlertDialog.Builder(MainActivity.this);
        singleChoiceDialog.setTitle("我是一个单选Dialog");
        // 第二个参数是默认选项,此处设置为0
        singleChoiceDialog.setSingleChoiceItems(items, 0, 
            new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                yourChoice = which;
            }
        });
        singleChoiceDialog.setPositiveButton("确定", 
            new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                if (yourChoice != -1) {
                    Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, 
                    "你选择了" + items[yourChoice], 
                    Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                }
            }
        });
        singleChoiceDialog.show();
    }

    2.4 多选Dialog(图5)

    ArrayList<Integer> yourChoices = new ArrayList<>();
    private void showMultiChoiceDialog() {
        final String[] items = { "我是1","我是2","我是3","我是4" };
        // 设置默认选中的选项,全为false默认均未选中
        final boolean initChoiceSets[]={false,false,false,false};
        yourChoices.clear();
        AlertDialog.Builder multiChoiceDialog = 
            new AlertDialog.Builder(MainActivity.this);
        multiChoiceDialog.setTitle("我是一个多选Dialog");
        multiChoiceDialog.setMultiChoiceItems(items, initChoiceSets,
            new DialogInterface.OnMultiChoiceClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which,
                boolean isChecked) {
                if (isChecked) {
                    yourChoices.add(which);
                } else {
                    yourChoices.remove(which);
                }
            }
        });
        multiChoiceDialog.setPositiveButton("确定", 
            new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                int size = yourChoices.size();
                String str = "";
                for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
                    str += items[yourChoices.get(i)] + " ";
                }
                Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, 
                    "你选中了" + str, 
                    Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }
        });
        multiChoiceDialog.show();
    }

    2.5 等待Dialog(图6)

    private void showWaitingDialog() {
        /* 等待Dialog具有屏蔽其他控件的交互能力
         * @setCancelable 为使屏幕不可点击,设置为不可取消(false)
         * 下载等事件完成后,主动调用函数关闭该Dialog
         */
        ProgressDialog waitingDialog= 
            new ProgressDialog(MainActivity.this);
        waitingDialog.setTitle("我是一个等待Dialog");
        waitingDialog.setMessage("等待中...");
        waitingDialog.setIndeterminate(true);
        waitingDialog.setCancelable(false);
        waitingDialog.show();
    }

    2.6 进度条Dialog(图7)

    private void showProgressDialog() {
        /* @setProgress 设置初始进度
         * @setProgressStyle 设置样式(水平进度条)
         * @setMax 设置进度最大值
         */
        final int MAX_PROGRESS = 100;
        final ProgressDialog progressDialog = 
            new ProgressDialog(MainActivity.this);
        progressDialog.setProgress(0);
        progressDialog.setTitle("我是一个进度条Dialog");
        progressDialog.setProgressStyle(ProgressDialog.STYLE_HORIZONTAL);
        progressDialog.setMax(MAX_PROGRESS);
        progressDialog.show();
        /* 模拟进度增加的过程
         * 新开一个线程,每个100ms,进度增加1
         */
        new Thread(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                int progress= 0;
                while (progress < MAX_PROGRESS){
                    try {
                        Thread.sleep(100);
                        progress++;
                        progressDialog.setProgress(progress);
                    } catch (InterruptedException e){
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }
                // 进度达到最大值后,窗口消失
                progressDialog.cancel();
            }
        }).start();
    }

    2.7 编辑Dialog(图8)

    private void showInputDialog() {
        /*@setView 装入一个EditView
         */
        final EditText editText = new EditText(MainActivity.this);
        AlertDialog.Builder inputDialog = 
            new AlertDialog.Builder(MainActivity.this);
        inputDialog.setTitle("我是一个输入Dialog").setView(editText);
        inputDialog.setPositiveButton("确定", 
            new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,
                editText.getText().toString(), 
                Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }
        }).show();
    }

    2.8 自定义Dialog(图9)

    <!-- res/layout/dialog_customize.xml-->
    <!-- 自定义View -->
    <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
        android:orientation="vertical"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent">
        <EditText
            android:id="@+id/edit_text"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content" 
            />
    </LinearLayout>
    private void showCustomizeDialog() {
        /* @setView 装入自定义View ==> R.layout.dialog_customize
         * 由于dialog_customize.xml只放置了一个EditView,因此和图8一样
         * dialog_customize.xml可自定义更复杂的View
         */
        AlertDialog.Builder customizeDialog = 
            new AlertDialog.Builder(MainActivity.this);
        final View dialogView = LayoutInflater.from(MainActivity.this)
            .inflate(R.layout.dialog_customize,null);
        customizeDialog.setTitle("我是一个自定义Dialog");
        customizeDialog.setView(dialogView);
        customizeDialog.setPositiveButton("确定",
            new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                // 获取EditView中的输入内容
                EditText edit_text = 
                    (EditText) dialogView.findViewById(R.id.edit_text);
                Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,
                    edit_text.getText().toString(),
                    Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }
        });
        customizeDialog.show();
    }

    我们经常需要进行自定义Dialog,使用上面的AlertDialog.Builder类在处理背景的时候,灵活性不强。笔者推荐使用Dialog类进行窗口定义:

    Dialog dialog = new Dialog(getActivity());
    dialog.requestWindowFeature(Window.FEATURE_NO_TITLE);//无标题
    View dialogView = LayoutInflater.from(MainActivity.this).inflate(R.layout.dialog_customize,null);
    dialog.setContentView(dialogView);
    dialog.getWindow().setBackgroundDrawableResource(android.R.color.transparent);//设置背景透明
    dialog.show();

    上面使用了setBackgroundDrawableResource设置透明背景,如果是通过AlertDialog.Builder实例的getWindow().setBackgroundDrawableResource()设置的话是没有效果的。

    inflate()方法的第二个参数是ViewGroup类型,如果这个参数传入的是空的话,那么dialogView的rootView将会是你自己的XML文件中定义的rootView。但是笔者发现,即使我的XML的root view是RelativeLayout,但是却会出现布局错误的现象,如果在inflate中传入RelativeLayout的话,就正常了:

    View dialogView = LayoutInflater.from(MainActivity.this).inflate(R.layout.dialog_customize,new RelativeLayout(context));

    3 复写回调函数

    /* 复写Builder的create和show函数,可以在Dialog显示前实现必要设置
     * 例如初始化列表、默认选项等
     * @create 第一次创建时调用
     * @show 每次显示时调用
     */
    private void showListDialog() {
        final String[] items = { "我是1","我是2","我是3","我是4" };
        AlertDialog.Builder listDialog = 
            new AlertDialog.Builder(MainActivity.this){
             
            @Override
            public AlertDialog create() {
                items[0] = "我是No.1";
                return super.create();
            }
     
            @Override
            public AlertDialog show() {
                items[1] = "我是No.2";
                return super.show();
            }
        };
        listDialog.setTitle("我是一个列表Dialog");
        listDialog.setItems(items, new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                // ...To-do
            }
        });
        /* @setOnDismissListener Dialog销毁时调用
         * @setOnCancelListener Dialog关闭时调用
         */
        listDialog.setOnDismissListener(new DialogInterface.OnDismissListener() {
            public void onDismiss(DialogInterface dialog) {
                Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(),
                    "Dialog被销毁了", 
                    Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }
        });
        listDialog.show();
    }

     4 方法介绍

    dismiss()

      AlertDialog.Builder对话框没有类似finish()或者dismiss()这样的关闭窗口方法,,但是他的父类具有这样的方法。可以通过他的父类,关闭对话框

        AlertDialog.Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(this);  
        AlertDialog dialog = builder.show();  
        dialog.dismiss();  

    原文连接:Android的8种对话框

  • 相关阅读:
    2016第34周三
    2016第34周二
    Spring中资源的加载ResourceLoader
    Spring的资源抽象Resource2实体类
    Spring资源抽象Resource
    SQL Server死锁产生原因及解决办法 .
    sql server中同时执行select和update语句死锁问题
    数据库死锁实例分析及解决方法
    一次查找sqlserver死锁的经历
    js和Jquery获取选中select值和文本
  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/HDK2016/p/8296307.html
Copyright © 2020-2023  润新知