C#读写Shapefile

Shapefile文件是ArcGIS存储矢量要素的标准格式，要读写Shapefile最简单的方法当然是基于ArcObject(或者ArcEngine)开发，不过网上也有一些开源的解译Shapefile的代码都是值得参考的，lz曾经用到过一个，源码已经贴到下边，有兴趣的可以下载看看(来源已经记不清了，如果这是您的代码请联系我)，下边是两种方法的代码，其实代码很简单，但由于经常会用到所以记下来以便日后查阅。直接上代码。

打开Shapefile：

        public static IFeatureClass GetShpFile(string filePath, string fileName)
        {
            IFeatureWorkspace featureWorkspace;
            IFeatureClass featureClass;

            featureWorkspace = GetShapeWorkspace(filePath) as IFeatureWorkspace;

            try
            {
                featureClass = featureWorkspace.OpenFeatureClass(fileName);
            }
            catch
            {
                featureClass = null;
            }

            System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(featureWorkspace);

            return featureClass;
        }

        public static IWorkspace GetShapeWorkspace(string filePath)
        {
            IWorkspace workspace;

            IWorkspaceFactory workspaceFactory = new ShapefileWorkspaceFactoryClass();

            workspace = workspaceFactory.OpenFromFile(filePath, 0);

            System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(workspaceFactory);
            workspaceFactory = null;

            return workspace;
        }

向Shapefile中添加要素(一点元素为例)：

        public bool AddPointsToLayer(ILayer pLayer, List<IPoint> listPoint)
        {
            IFeatureLayer pFeatureLayer = pLayer as IFeatureLayer;
            if (pFeatureLayer == null)
            {
                System.Windows.Forms.MessageBox.Show(pLayer.Name + "不是矢量图层!"); 
                return false;
            }
           
            IFeatureClass pFeatureClass = pFeatureLayer.FeatureClass;
            if (pFeatureClass.ShapeType != esriGeometryType.esriGeometryPoint)
            {
                System.Windows.Forms.MessageBox.Show(pLayer.Name + "不是点图层!"); 
                return false;
            }
            
            IFeatureCursor pFeatureCursor = pFeatureClass.Insert(true);
            IFeatureBuffer pFeatureBuffer = null;
            foreach (var p in listPoint)
            {
                pFeatureBuffer = pFeatureClass.CreateFeatureBuffer();
                IFeature pNewFeature = pFeatureBuffer as IFeature;
                pNewFeature.Shape = p as IGeometry;

                pNewFeature.set_Value(pNewFeature.Fields.FindField("Name"), "point1");
                //pNewFeature.Store();  

                pFeatureCursor.InsertFeature(pFeatureBuffer);
            }
            pFeatureCursor.Flush();

            return true;
        }

 读取Shapefile的开源代码点击这里下载，下边是读取代码：

        private void openShapeFile()
        {
            //Create the dialog allowing the user to select the "*.shp" and the "*.dbf" files
            OpenFileDialog ofd = new OpenFileDialog();
            ofd.Multiselect = true;

            if (!(ofd.ShowDialog() ?? false))
                return;

            //Get the file info objects for the SHP and the DBF file selected by the user
            FileInfo shapeFile = null;
            FileInfo dbfFile = null;
            foreach (FileInfo fi in ofd.Files)
            {
                if (fi.Extension.ToLower() == ".shp")
                {
                    shapeFile = fi;
                }
                if (fi.Extension.ToLower() == ".dbf")
                {
                    dbfFile = fi;
                }
            }

            //Read the SHP and DBF files into the ShapeFileReader
            ShapeFile shapeFileReader = new ShapeFile();
            if (shapeFile != null && dbfFile != null)
            {
                shapeFileReader.Read(shapeFile, dbfFile);
            }
            else
            {
                HtmlPage.Window.Alert("Please select a SP and a DBF file to proceed.");
                return;
            }

            //Add the shapes from the shapefile into a graphics layer named "shapefileGraphicsLayer"
            //the greaphics layer should be present in the XAML or created earlier
            GraphicsLayer graphicsLayer = MyMap.Layers["shapefileGraphicsLayer"] as GraphicsLayer;
            foreach (ShapeFileRecord record in shapeFileReader.Records)
            {
                Graphic graphic = record.ToGraphic();
                if (graphic != null)
                    graphicsLayer.Graphics.Add(graphic);
            }
        }

直接拖拽打开：

        private void MyMap_Drop(object sender, DragEventArgs e)
        {
            try
            {
                //获取拖放到地图上的文件信息  
                IDataObject dataObject = e.Data as IDataObject;
                FileInfo[] files = dataObject.GetData(DataFormats.FileDrop) as FileInfo[];

                //判断拖放的文件是否为.shp和.dbf  
                FileInfo shapeFile = null;
                FileInfo dbfFile = null;
                foreach (FileInfo fi in files)
                {
                    if (fi.Extension.ToLower() == ".shp") shapeFile = fi;
                    if (fi.Extension.ToLower() == ".dbf") dbfFile = fi;
                }

                // 读取Shapefile数据   
                ShapeFile shapeFileReader = new ShapeFile();
                if (shapeFile != null && dbfFile != null)
                {
                    shapeFileReader.Read(shapeFile, dbfFile);
                }
                else
                {
                    MessageBox.Show("请将.dbf和.shp文件同时拖放到地图上！");
                    return;
                }

                IList<Graphic> lstGraphics = new List<Graphic>();
                foreach (ShapeFileRecord record in shapeFileReader.Records)
                {
                    //将从Shapefile中读取的记录转换为Graphic  
                    Graphic graphic = record.ToGraphic();

                    //若没有空间参考将会报错，默认设置为地图参考
                    if (graphic.Geometry.SpatialReference == null)
                        graphic.Geometry.SpatialReference = MyMap.SpatialReference;

                    if (graphic != null) lstGraphics.Add(graphic);
                }

                // 如果空间参考不一致，可能需要投影  
                if (lstGraphics.Count > 0)
                {
                    GeometryService projectTask = new GeometryService("http://tasks.arcgisonline.com/ArcGIS/rest/services/Geometry/GeometryServer");
                    projectTask.ProjectCompleted += new EventHandler<GraphicsEventArgs>(projectTask_ProjectCompleted);
                    projectTask.Failed += new EventHandler<TaskFailedEventArgs>(projectTask_Failed);

                    //将平面坐标转换为经纬度  
                    projectTask.ProjectAsync(lstGraphics, MyMap.SpatialReference);
                }
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                MessageBox.Show("拖放文件错误：" + ex.ToString());
            }  
        }