• golang高性能日志库zap配置示例


    zap是uber开源的Go高性能日志库,gitlab地址

    安装

    go get -u go.uber.org/zap
    

    请注意,zap仅支持两个最新的Go版本。

    示例

    简单示例

    格式化输出

    package main
    
    import (
        "go.uber.org/zap"
        "time"
    )
    
    func main() {
        // zap.NewDevelopment 格式化输出
        logger, _ := zap.NewDevelopment()
        defer logger.Sync()
        logger.Info("无法获取网址",
            zap.String("url", "http://www.baidu.com"),
            zap.Int("attempt", 3),
            zap.Duration("backoff", time.Second),
        )
    }
    

    格式化输出打印结果:

    2019-01-02T15:01:13.923+0800    INFO    spikeProxy/main.go:17   failed to fetch URL {"url": "http://www.baidu.com", "attempt": 3, "backoff": "1s"}
    

    json 序列化输出

    package main
    
    import (
        "go.uber.org/zap"
        "time"
    )
    
    func main() {
       // zap.NewProduction json序列化输出
        logger, _ := zap.NewProduction()
        defer logger.Sync()
        logger.Info("无法获取网址",
            zap.String("url", "http://www.baidu.com"),
            zap.Int("attempt", 3),
            zap.Duration("backoff", time.Second),
        )
    }
    

    json序列化输出打印结果:

    {"level":"info","ts":1546413239.1466308,"caller":"spikeProxy/main.go:16","msg":"无法获取网址","url":"http://www.baidu.com","attempt":3,"backoff":1}
    

    自定义示例

    选择一个日志库除了高性能是考量的一个标准,高扩展也非常重要,例如:json key 自定义、时间格式化、日志级别等。

    package main
    
    import (
        "go.uber.org/zap"
        "go.uber.org/zap/zapcore"
        "fmt"
        "time"
    )
    
    func main() {
        encoderConfig := zapcore.EncoderConfig{
            TimeKey:        "time",
            LevelKey:       "level",
            NameKey:        "logger",
            CallerKey:      "caller",
            MessageKey:     "msg",
            StacktraceKey:  "stacktrace",
            LineEnding:     zapcore.DefaultLineEnding,
            EncodeLevel:    zapcore.LowercaseLevelEncoder,  // 小写编码器
            EncodeTime:     zapcore.ISO8601TimeEncoder,     // ISO8601 UTC 时间格式
            EncodeDuration: zapcore.SecondsDurationEncoder,
            EncodeCaller:   zapcore.FullCallerEncoder,      // 全路径编码器
        }
    
        // 设置日志级别
        atom := zap.NewAtomicLevelAt(zap.DebugLevel)
    
        config := zap.Config{
            Level:            atom,                                                // 日志级别
            Development:      true,                                                // 开发模式,堆栈跟踪
            Encoding:         "json",                                              // 输出格式 console 或 json
            EncoderConfig:    encoderConfig,                                       // 编码器配置
            InitialFields:    map[string]interface{}{"serviceName": "spikeProxy"}, // 初始化字段,如:添加一个服务器名称
            OutputPaths:      []string{"stdout", "./logs/spikeProxy.log"},         // 输出到指定文件 stdout(标准输出,正常颜色) stderr(错误输出,红色)
            ErrorOutputPaths: []string{"stderr"},
        }
    
        // 构建日志
        logger, err := config.Build()
        if err != nil {
            panic(fmt.Sprintf("log 初始化失败: %v", err))
        }
        logger.Info("log 初始化成功")
    
        logger.Info("无法获取网址",
            zap.String("url", "http://www.baidu.com"),
            zap.Int("attempt", 3),
            zap.Duration("backoff", time.Second),
        )
    }
    

    打印结果:

    {"level":"info","time":"2019-01-02T15:38:33.778+0800","caller":"/Users/lcl/go/src/spikeProxy/main.go:54","msg":"log 初始化成功","serviceName":"spikeProxy"}
    {"level":"info","time":"2019-01-02T15:38:33.778+0800","caller":"/Users/lcl/go/src/spikeProxy/main.go:56","msg":"无法获取网址","serviceName":"spikeProxy","url":"http://www.baidu.com","attempt":3,"backoff":1}
    

    写入归档文件示例

    安装 lumberjack

    go get gopkg.in/natefinch/lumberjack.v2
    

    lumberjack介绍

    Lumberjack是一个Go包,用于将日志写入滚动文件。
    zap 不支持文件归档,如果要支持文件按大小或者时间归档,需要使用lumberjack,lumberjack也是zap官方推荐的。

    示例

    package main
    
    import (
        "go.uber.org/zap"
        "go.uber.org/zap/zapcore"
        "time"
        "gopkg.in/natefinch/lumberjack.v2"
        "os"
    )
    
    func main() {
        hook := lumberjack.Logger{
            Filename:   "./logs/spikeProxy1.log", // 日志文件路径
            MaxSize:    128,                      // 每个日志文件保存的最大尺寸 单位:M
            MaxBackups: 30,                       // 日志文件最多保存多少个备份
            MaxAge:     7,                        // 文件最多保存多少天
            Compress:   true,                     // 是否压缩
        }
    
        encoderConfig := zapcore.EncoderConfig{
            TimeKey:        "time",
            LevelKey:       "level",
            NameKey:        "logger",
            CallerKey:      "linenum",
            MessageKey:     "msg",
            StacktraceKey:  "stacktrace",
            LineEnding:     zapcore.DefaultLineEnding,
            EncodeLevel:    zapcore.LowercaseLevelEncoder,  // 小写编码器
            EncodeTime:     zapcore.ISO8601TimeEncoder,     // ISO8601 UTC 时间格式
            EncodeDuration: zapcore.SecondsDurationEncoder, //
            EncodeCaller:   zapcore.FullCallerEncoder,      // 全路径编码器
            EncodeName:     zapcore.FullNameEncoder,
        }
    
        // 设置日志级别
        atomicLevel := zap.NewAtomicLevel()
        atomicLevel.SetLevel(zap.InfoLevel)
    
        core := zapcore.NewCore(
            zapcore.NewJSONEncoder(encoderConfig),                                           // 编码器配置
            zapcore.NewMultiWriteSyncer(zapcore.AddSync(os.Stdout), zapcore.AddSync(&hook)), // 打印到控制台和文件
            atomicLevel,                                                                     // 日志级别
        )
    
        // 开启开发模式,堆栈跟踪
        caller := zap.AddCaller()
        // 开启文件及行号
        development := zap.Development()
        // 设置初始化字段
        filed := zap.Fields(zap.String("serviceName", "serviceName"))
        // 构造日志
        logger := zap.New(core, caller, development, filed)
    
        logger.Info("log 初始化成功")
        logger.Info("无法获取网址",
            zap.String("url", "http://www.baidu.com"),
            zap.Int("attempt", 3),
            zap.Duration("backoff", time.Second))
    }
    
    

    控制台打印结果:

    {"level":"info","time":"2019-01-02T16:14:43.608+0800","linenum":"/Users/lcl/go/src/spikeProxy/main.go:56","msg":"log 初始化成功","serviceName":"serviceName"}
    {"level":"info","time":"2019-01-02T16:14:43.608+0800","linenum":"/Users/lcl/go/src/spikeProxy/main.go:57","msg":"无法获取网址","serviceName":"serviceName","url":"http://www.baidu.com","attempt":3,"backoff":1}
    

    文件打印结果:

    {"level":"info","time":"2019-01-02T16:14:43.608+0800","linenum":"/Users/lcl/go/src/spikeProxy/main.go:56","msg":"log 初始化成功","serviceName":"serviceName"}
    {"level":"info","time":"2019-01-02T16:14:43.608+0800","linenum":"/Users/lcl/go/src/spikeProxy/main.go:57","msg":"无法获取网址","serviceName":"serviceName","url":"http://www.baidu.com","attempt":3,"backoff":1}
    

    结语

    目前关于zap的资料很少,都需要自己动手总结,在使用过程中有更多的使用方式我也会持续更新,有问题请在下方留言,我会尽快回复的。

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/ExMan/p/12264685.html
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