• ApplicationContextAware


    1、实现了ApplicationContextAware接口,在Bean的实例化时会自动调用setApplicationContext()方法!

    2、通过调用静态方法getBean即可获取

    spring中提供一些Aware相关接口,像是BeanFactoryAware、 ApplicationContextAware、ResourceLoaderAware、ServletContextAware等等,实作这些 Aware接口的Bean在被初始之后,可以取得一些相对应的资源,例如实作BeanFactoryAware的Bean在初始后,Spring容器将会注入BeanFactory的实例,而实作ApplicationContextAware的Bean,在Bean被初始后,将会被注入 ApplicationContext的实例等等。
     Bean取得BeanFactory、ApplicationContextAware的实例目的是什么,一般的目的就是要取得一些档案资源的存取、相 关讯息资源或是那些被注入的实例所提供的机制,例如ApplicationContextAware提供了publishEvent()方法,可以支持基于Observer模式的事件传播机制。
     ApplicationContextAware接口的定义如下:

    ApplicationContextAware.java

    public interface ApplicationContextAware {

        void setApplicationContext(ApplicationContext context);

    }


     我们这边示范如何透过实作ApplicationContextAware注入ApplicationContext来实现事件传播,首先我们的HelloBean如下:

    HelloBean.java

    package onlyfun.caterpillar;

     

    import org.springframework.context.*;

     

    public class HelloBean implements ApplicationContextAware {

        private ApplicationContext applicationContext;

        private String helloWord = "Hello!World!";

      

        public void setApplicationContext(ApplicationContext context) {

            this.applicationContext = context;

        }

      

        public void setHelloWord(String helloWord) {

            this.helloWord = helloWord;

        }

      

        public String getHelloWord() {

            applicationContext.publishEvent(

                   new PropertyGettedEvent("[" + helloWord + "] is getted"));

            return helloWord;

        }

    }


     ApplicationContext会由Spring容器注入,publishEvent()方法需要一个继承ApplicationEvent的对象,我们的PropertyGettedEvent继承了ApplicationEvent,如下:

    PropertyGettedEvent.java

    package onlyfun.caterpillar;

     

    import org.springframework.context.*;

     

    public class PropertyGettedEvent extends ApplicationEvent {

        public PropertyGettedEvent(Object source) {

            super(source);

        }

    }


     当ApplicationContext执行publishEvent()后,会自动寻找实作ApplicationListener接口的对象并通知其发生对应事件,我们实作了PropertyGettedListener如下:

    PrppertyGettedListener.java

    package onlyfun.caterpillar;

     

    import org.springframework.context.*;

     

    public class PropertyGettedListener implements ApplicationListener {

        public void onApplicationEvent(ApplicationEvent event) {

            System.out.println(event.getSource().toString());  

        }

    }


     Listener必须被实例化,这我们可以在Bean定义档中加以定义:

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

    <!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING/DTD BEAN/EN" "http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans.dtd">

    <beans>

        <bean id="propertyGetterListener" class="onlyfun.caterpillar.PropertyGettedListener"/>

     

        <bean id="helloBean" class="onlyfun.caterpillar.HelloBean">

            <property name="helloWord"><value>Hello!Justin!</value></property>

        </bean>

    </beans>


     我们写一个测试程序来测测事件传播的运行:

    Test.java

    package onlyfun.caterpillar;

     

    import org.springframework.context.*;

    import org.springframework.context.support.*;

     

    public class Test {

        public static void main(String[] args) {

            ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("bean.xml");

          

            HelloBean hello = (HelloBean) context.getBean("helloBean");

            System.out.println(hello.getHelloWord());

        }

    }


     执行结果会如下所示:

    log4j:WARN No appenders could be found for logger

    (org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader).

    log4j:WARN Please initialize the log4j system properly.

    org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext:

    displayName=[org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

    hashCode=33219526]; startup date=[Fri Oct 29 10:56:35 CST 2004];

    root of ApplicationContext hierarchy

    [Hello!Justin!] is getted

    Hello!Justin!


     以上是以实作事件传播来看看实作Aware接口取得对应对象后,可以进行的动作,同样的,您也可以实作ResourceLoaderAware接口:

    ResourceLoaderAware.java

    public interface ResourceLoaderAware {

        void setResourceLoader(ResourceLoader loader);

    }


     实作ResourceLoader的Bean就可以取得ResourceLoader的实例,如此就可以使用它的getResource()方法,这对于必须存取档案资源的Bean相当有用。
     基本上,Spring虽然提供了这些Aware相关接口,然而Bean上若实现了这些界面,就算是与Spring发生了依赖,从另一个角度来看,虽然您可以直接在Bean上实现这些接口,但您也可以透过setter来完成依赖注入,例如:

    HelloBean.java

    package onlyfun.caterpillar;

     

    import org.springframework.context.*;

     

    public class HelloBean {

        private ApplicationContext applicationContext;

        private String helloWord = "Hello!World!";

      

        public void setApplicationContext(ApplicationContext context) {

            this.applicationContext = context;

        }

      

        public void setHelloWord(String helloWord) {

            this.helloWord = helloWord;

        }

      

        public String getHelloWord() {

            applicationContext.publishEvent(new PropertyGettedEvent("[" + helloWord + "] is getted"));

            return helloWord;

        }

    }


     注意这次我们并没有实作ApplicationContextAware,我们在程序中可以自行注入ApplicationContext实例:

    ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("bean.xml");

          

    HelloBean hello = (HelloBean) context.getBean("helloBean");

    hello.setApplicationContext(context);

    System.out.println(hello.getHelloWord());


     就Bean而言,降低了对Spring的依赖,可以比较容易从现有的框架中脱离

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/Dhouse/p/3513705.html
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