• Oracle 解析Cron表达式 函数


    创建自定义数组cron_type_number

    本方法中用到了自定义数组,需要单独创建

    create or replace type cron_type_number as table of number(4);

    创建函数cron_getnexttimeafter()

      1 create or replace function cron_getnexttimeafter(cron varchar2,start_time varchar2 default to_char(sysdate,'yyyy-MM-dd hh24:mi:ss'))
      2 return varchar2
      3 as
      4 result_time varchar2(1024);--返回结果
      5 type l_cron_type_number is table of number(4) index by binary_integer;
      6 type cron_type_array is table of varchar2(128)  index by binary_integer;
      7 cron_var varchar2(1024);
      8 temp_num number;
      9 cron_seconds varchar2(512);--
     10 cron_minutes varchar2(512);--
     11 cron_hours varchar2(512);--
     12 cron_day varchar2(512);--
     13 cron_month varchar2(512);--
     14 cron_week varchar2(512);--
     15 cron_year varchar2(512);--
     16 
     17 array_seconds cron_type_number;--秒的数组
     18 array_minutes cron_type_number;--分的数组
     19 array_hours cron_type_number;--时的数组
     20 array_day cron_type_number;--日的数组
     21 array_month cron_type_number;--月的数组
     22 array_week cron_type_number;--星的数组
     23 array_year cron_type_number;--年的数组
     24 
     25 start_seconds number default -1;--开始时间-秒
     26 start_minutes number default -1;--开始时间-分
     27 start_hours number default -1;--开始时间-时
     28 start_day number default -1;--开始时间-日
     29 start_month number default -1;--开始时间-月
     30 start_week_1 number default -1;--开始时间-星-星期几
     31 start_week_2 number default -1;--开始时间-星-第几个
     32 start_year number default -1;--开始时间-年
     33 
     34 next_seconds number default -1;--预期时间-秒
     35 next_minutes number default -1;--预期时间-分
     36 next_hours number default -1;--预期时间-时
     37 next_day number default -1;--预期时间-日
     38 next_month number default -1;--预期时间-月
     39 next_week_1 number default -1;--预期时间-星-星期几
     40 next_week_2 number default -1;--预期时间-星-第几个
     41 next_year number default -1;--预期时间-年
     42 
     43 l_debug_str varchar2(1000);
     44 l_month_day number;
     45 
     46 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     47 --根据','分割字符串,生成list
     48 function cron_get_str(str varchar2)
     49   return cron_type_array is
     50   temp_result_array cron_type_array;
     51   begin
     52     for i in 1..regexp_count(str,'[^,]+')+1 loop
     53       temp_result_array(i) := regexp_substr(str,'[^,]+',1,i);
     54     end loop;
     55     return temp_result_array;
     56   end;
     57 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     58 --解析字符串,返回运行数组
     59 function cron_get_array(str varchar2,min_num number,max_num number)
     60   return l_cron_type_number is
     61   temp_result_array_number l_cron_type_number;
     62   num number default 1;
     63   i number default 0;
     64   temp_str_1 varchar2(128);
     65   temp_str_2 varchar2(128);
     66   temp_str_3 varchar2(128);
     67   temp_str_4 varchar2(128);
     68   temp_min_num number default -1;--周期开始值
     69   temp_max_num number default -1;--周期结束值
     70   temp_mod_num number default 1;--周期频率/默认为1
     71   begin
     72     --start获取周期的开始值/结束值
     73     ----值为"*"或"?"时,取该字段最大最小值之间的所有值
     74     if str = '*' or str = '?' then
     75       temp_min_num := min_num;
     76       temp_max_num := max_num;
     77     ----值为"数字"时,取该数字
     78     elsif regexp_like(str,'^[0-9]+$') then
     79       if to_number(str) between min_num and max_num then
     80         temp_min_num := to_number(str);
     81         temp_max_num := to_number(str);
     82       else
     83         raise_application_error(-20001,'值的范围为'||min_num||'"-'||max_num||'"');
     84       end if;
     85     ----值包含"/"时,根据"/"切割字符串,前半部分为范围,后半部分为频率
     86     elsif str like '%/%' then
     87       temp_str_1 := regexp_substr(str,'[^/]+',1,1);
     88       temp_str_2 := regexp_substr(str,'[^/]+',1,2);
     89       if regexp_like(temp_str_2,'^[0-9]+$') and (to_number(temp_str_2) between 1 and max_num) then
     90         temp_mod_num := to_number(temp_str_2);
     91         if temp_str_1 is null or temp_str_1='*' then
     92           temp_min_num := min_num;
     93           temp_max_num := max_num;
     94         elsif regexp_like(temp_str_1,'^[0-9]+$') and (to_number(temp_str_1)<min_num or to_number(temp_str_1)>max_num) then
     95           raise_application_error(-20001,'符号"/"前的值范围为"'||min_num||'-'||max_num||'"');
     96         elsif regexp_like(temp_str_1,'^[0-9]+$') and (to_number(temp_str_1) between min_num and max_num) then
     97           temp_min_num := to_number(temp_str_1);
     98           temp_max_num := max_num;
     99         elsif temp_str_1 like '%-%' then
    100           temp_str_3 := regexp_substr(temp_str_1,'[^-]+',1,1);
    101           temp_str_4 := regexp_substr(temp_str_1,'[^-]+',1,2);
    102           if regexp_like(temp_str_3,'^[0-9]+$') and regexp_like(temp_str_4,'^[0-9]+$') and (to_number(temp_str_3) between min_num and max_num) and (to_number(temp_str_4) between min_num and max_num) then
    103             if to_number(temp_str_3)<=to_number(temp_str_4) then
    104               temp_min_num := to_number(temp_str_3);
    105               temp_max_num := to_number(temp_str_4);
    106             else
    107               temp_min_num := to_number(temp_str_3);
    108               temp_max_num := to_number(temp_str_4)+max_num-min_num+1;--此处是为了处理秒分时的开始值是0,日月年星的开始值是1,当开始值是0时加1,当开始值是1时不变
    109             end if;
    110           else raise_application_error(-20001,'符号"/"前的值格式错误');
    111           end if;
    112         else raise_application_error(-20001,'符号"/"前的值格式错误');
    113         end if;
    114       else raise_application_error(-20001,'符号"/"后必须有数字格式的值,且必须>1'||'、<='||max_num);
    115       end if;
    116     ----值包含"-"时,取两个值之间的所有值,频率为1
    117     elsif str like '%-%' then
    118       temp_str_1 := regexp_substr(str,'[^-]+',1,1);
    119       temp_str_2 := regexp_substr(str,'[^-]+',1,2);
    120       if regexp_like(temp_str_1,'^[0-9]+$') and regexp_like(temp_str_2,'^[0-9]+$') and (to_number(temp_str_1) between min_num and max_num) and (to_number(temp_str_2) between min_num and max_num) then
    121         if to_number(temp_str_1)<=to_number(temp_str_2) then
    122           temp_min_num := to_number(temp_str_1);
    123           temp_max_num := to_number(temp_str_2);
    124         else
    125           temp_min_num := to_number(temp_str_1);
    126           temp_max_num := to_number(temp_str_2)+max_num-min_num+1;--此处是为了处理秒分时的开始值是0,日月年星的开始值是1,当开始值是0时加1,当开始值是1时不变
    127         end if;
    128       else raise_application_error(-20001,'符号"-"前的值格式错误');
    129       end if;
    130     else
    131       return temp_result_array_number;
    132     end if;
    133     --end获取周期的开始值/结束值
    134     --start获取周期数组
    135     i := temp_min_num;
    136     while i<=temp_max_num loop
    137       if i<=max_num then
    138         temp_result_array_number(num) := i;
    139       else
    140         temp_result_array_number(num) := i-max_num+min_num-1;--此处是为了处理秒分时的开始值是0,日月年星的开始值是1
    141       end if;
    142       i := i+temp_mod_num;
    143       num := num+1;
    144     end loop;
    145     --end获取周期数组
    146     return temp_result_array_number;
    147   end;
    148 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    149 --获取运行数组
    150 function cron_get_str_array(str varchar2,min_num number,max_num number)
    151   return cron_type_number is
    152   temp_result_array cron_type_number;
    153   num number default 1;
    154   temp_array_1 cron_type_array;--临时数组1
    155   temp_array_2 l_cron_type_number;--临时数组2
    156   begin
    157     temp_result_array := cron_type_number();
    158     temp_array_1 := cron_get_str(str);
    159     for i in 1..temp_array_1.count loop
    160       temp_array_2 := cron_get_array(temp_array_1(i),min_num,max_num);
    161       temp_result_array.extend(temp_array_2.count);
    162       for j in 1..temp_array_2.count loop
    163         temp_result_array(num) := temp_array_2(j);
    164         num := num+1;
    165       end loop;
    166     end loop;
    167     return temp_result_array;
    168   end;
    169 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    170 --根据运行数组/开始时间的实际值,获取下次运行的值
    171 function cron_get_next_value(cron_array cron_type_number,start_num number)
    172   return number
    173   as
    174   result_num number;
    175   begin
    176     select min(to_number(column_value)) into result_num from table(cron_array) where to_number(column_value)>=start_num;
    177     if result_num is null then
    178       select min(to_number(column_value)) into result_num  from table(cron_array);
    179     end if;
    180     return result_num;
    181   end;
    182 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    183 --翻译替换,将月份中的英文字符转换为数字
    184 function cron_replace_month(str varchar2)
    185   return varchar2
    186   as
    187   result_str varchar2(128);
    188   begin
    189     result_str := replace(str,'JAN','1');
    190     result_str := replace(result_str,'FEB','2');
    191     result_str := replace(result_str,'MAR','3');
    192     result_str := replace(result_str,'APR','4');
    193     result_str := replace(result_str,'MAY','5');
    194     result_str := replace(result_str,'JUN','6');
    195     result_str := replace(result_str,'JUL','7');
    196     result_str := replace(result_str,'AUG','8');
    197     result_str := replace(result_str,'SEP','9');
    198     result_str := replace(result_str,'OCT','10');
    199     result_str := replace(result_str,'NOV','11');
    200     result_str := replace(result_str,'DEC','12');
    201     return result_str;
    202   end;
    203 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    204 --翻译替换,将星期中的英文字符转换为数字,特别说明英文中星期日为一周的开始
    205 function cron_replace_week(str varchar2)
    206   return varchar2
    207   as
    208   result_str varchar2(128);
    209   begin
    210     result_str := replace(str,'SUN','1');
    211     result_str := replace(result_str,'MON','2');
    212     result_str := replace(result_str,'TUE','3');
    213     result_str := replace(result_str,'WED','4');
    214     result_str := replace(result_str,'THU','5');
    215     result_str := replace(result_str,'FRI','6');
    216     result_str := replace(result_str,'SAT','7');
    217     return result_str;
    218   end;
    219 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    220 --校验时间格式是否正确
    221 function cron_is_date(str VARCHAR2)
    222   return number IS
    223   val date;
    224   begin
    225     val := TO_DATE(NVL(str, 'w'), 'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss');
    226     return 1;
    227     exception
    228       when others then
    229         return 0;
    230   end;
    231 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    232 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    233 begin
    234   --校验开始时间格式
    235   if cron_is_date(start_time)=1 then
    236     start_seconds := substr(start_time,18,2)+1;
    237     start_minutes := substr(start_time,15,2);
    238     start_hours := substr(start_time,12,2);
    239     start_day := substr(start_time,9,2);
    240     start_month := substr(start_time,6,2);
    241     --start_week_1 := to_char(to_date(start_time,'yyyy-MM-dd hh24:mi:ss'),'D');
    242     --start_week_2 := to_char(to_date(start_time,'yyyy-MM-dd hh24:mi:ss'),'W');
    243     start_year := substr(start_time,1,4);
    244     next_year := substr(start_time,1,4);
    245   else raise_application_error(-20001,'开始时间格式错误,正确格式为"yyyy-MM-dd hh24:mi:ss"');
    246   end if;
    247 
    248   --首尾两端去空格/去空白符换行符/去两个以上空格/转大写
    249   cron_var := upper(regexp_replace(replace(replace(replace(trim(cron),chr(9),''),chr(10),''),chr(13),''),'( ){2,}',' '));
    250 
    251   --判断格式是否合规,否则提示异常
    252   if regexp_count(cron_var,' ') is null or regexp_count(cron_var,' ') not in (5,6) then
    253     raise_application_error(-20001,'定时字符串格式错误');
    254   end if;
    255 
    256   --取值,根据空格分别获取
    257   cron_seconds := regexp_substr(cron_var,'[^ ]+',1,1);--
    258   cron_minutes := regexp_substr(cron_var,'[^ ]+',1,2);--
    259   cron_hours := regexp_substr(cron_var,'[^ ]+',1,3);--
    260   cron_day := regexp_substr(cron_var,'[^ ]+',1,4);--
    261   --dbms_output.put_line('cron_day:'||cron_day);
    262   
    263   cron_month := cron_replace_month(regexp_substr(cron_var,'[^ ]+',1,5));--
    264   cron_week := cron_replace_week(regexp_substr(cron_var,'[^ ]+',1,6));--
    265   cron_year := nvl(regexp_substr(cron_var,'[^ ]+',1,7),'*');--
    266   --正则校验格式是否正确
    267 
    268 
    269   --获取预期的运行数组
    270   --为了提高效率,本函数将年的范围限定为1949年-2049年,如果有实际需要,可以酌情调整
    271   array_seconds := cron_get_str_array(cron_seconds,0,59);
    272   array_minutes := cron_get_str_array(cron_minutes,0,59);
    273   array_hours := cron_get_str_array(cron_hours,0,23);
    274   
    275   select to_char(last_day(to_date(substr(start_time,1,10),'yyyy-mm-dd')),'dd') into l_month_day from dual;
    276   array_day := cron_get_str_array(cron_day,1,l_month_day);
    277   
    278   select wm_concat(column_value) into l_debug_str  from table(array_day);
    279   --dbms_output.put_line('array_day:'|| to_char(l_debug_str));
    280   
    281   array_month := cron_get_str_array(cron_month,1,12);
    282   array_week := cron_get_str_array(cron_week,1,7);
    283   array_year := cron_get_str_array(cron_year,1949,2049);
    284 
    285   ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    286   --初始化超范围的下级
    287   <<goto_day_month_year>>
    288   select count(0) into temp_num from table(array_year) where column_value=start_year;
    289   if temp_num = 0 then
    290     select min(column_value) into start_month from table(array_month);
    291     select min(column_value) into start_day from table(array_day);
    292     select min(column_value) into start_hours from table(array_hours);
    293     select min(column_value) into start_minutes from table(array_minutes);
    294     select min(column_value) into start_seconds from table(array_seconds);
    295   end if;
    296   select count(0) into temp_num from table(array_month) where column_value=start_month;
    297   if temp_num = 0 then
    298     select min(column_value) into start_day from table(array_day);
    299     select min(column_value) into start_hours from table(array_hours);
    300     select min(column_value) into start_minutes from table(array_minutes);
    301     select min(column_value) into start_seconds from table(array_seconds);
    302   end if;
    303   select count(0) into temp_num from table(array_day) where column_value=start_day;
    304   if temp_num = 0 then
    305     select min(column_value) into start_hours from table(array_hours);
    306     select min(column_value) into start_minutes from table(array_minutes);
    307     select min(column_value) into start_seconds from table(array_seconds);
    308   end if;
    309   select count(0) into temp_num from table(array_hours) where column_value=start_hours;
    310   if temp_num = 0 then
    311     select min(column_value) into start_minutes from table(array_minutes);
    312     select min(column_value) into start_seconds from table(array_seconds);
    313   end if;
    314   select count(0) into temp_num from table(array_minutes) where column_value=start_minutes;
    315   if temp_num = 0 then
    316     select min(column_value) into start_seconds from table(array_seconds);
    317   end if;
    318   ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    319   --获取预期的运行时间
    320   next_seconds := cron_get_next_value(array_seconds,start_seconds);
    321   if start_seconds> next_seconds then
    322     start_minutes := start_minutes+1;
    323   end if;
    324   next_minutes := cron_get_next_value(array_minutes,start_minutes);
    325   if start_minutes> next_minutes then
    326     start_hours := start_hours+1;
    327   end if;
    328   next_hours := cron_get_next_value(array_hours,start_hours);
    329   if start_hours> next_hours then
    330     start_day := start_day+1;
    331   end if;
    332   next_day := cron_get_next_value(array_day,start_day);
    333   if start_day> next_day then
    334     start_month := start_month+1;
    335   end if;
    336   next_month := cron_get_next_value(array_month,start_month);
    337   --next_week_1 := cron_get_next_value(array_week,start_week_1);
    338   if start_month> next_month then
    339     start_year := start_year+1;
    340   end if;
    341   select min(to_number(column_value)) into next_year from table(array_year) where to_number(column_value)>=start_year;
    342   if next_year is null then
    343     return '';
    344   end if;
    345   --判断日期是否合法,不合法则以此为新的开始时间重新计算
    346   if next_year<=array_year(array_year.last) and ((mod(next_year,4)!=0 and next_month=2 and next_day=29) or (next_month=2 and next_day=30) or (next_month in(2,4,6,9,11) and next_day=31)) then
    347     start_year := next_year;
    348     start_month := next_month+1;
    349     start_day := 1;
    350     goto goto_day_month_year;
    351   end if;
    352   result_time := lpad(next_year,4,'0')||'-'||lpad(next_month,2,'0')||'-'||lpad(next_day,2,'0')||' '||lpad(next_hours,2,'0')||':'||lpad(next_minutes,2,'0')||':'||lpad(next_seconds,2,'0');
    353   --dbms_output.put_line(result_time);
    354   --判断生成的时间是否合法、是否小于开始时间,如果小于开始时间,则返回为空
    355   if cron_is_date(result_time)=0 or result_time<=start_time then
    356     result_time := '';
    357   end if;
    358 return result_time;
    359 end;

    调用示例

    --因为不存在2月31日,所以执行结果为空
    select cron_getnexttimeafter('0 0/1 1 31 2 ? 2019-2029') from dual;
    --执行结果为‘2020-02-02 01:00:00’
    select cron_getnexttimeafter('0 0/1 1 2 2 ? 2019-2029','2019-07-07 17:22:00') from dual;
    --执行结果为当前时间的下一个3月7日0点0分0秒
    select cron_getnexttimeafter('0 0 0 7 3 ?') from dual;

    注(2020-07-02):摘自别人的,用了一段时间之后出现了bug,已修复(之前写死了1个月=31天,有部分月份就会跳过1号)

    顺便写了个测试函数,以后配置时,先测下再放,要放心一些(不过测试边际条件不足,后续会持续弥补):

     1 create or replace function test_cron_getnexttimeafter(cron  in varchar2,
     2                                                       times in number default 10)
     3   return varchar2 is
     4   l_cross_day varchar2(32) := '2020-07-01 23:59:50'; -- 跨天 开始时间格式错误,正确格式为"yyyy-MM-dd hh24:mi:ss"
     5 
     6   l_cross_mon_2_28 varchar2(32) := '2019-02-28 23:59:55'; -- 跨平2月(28天)
     7   l_cross_mon_2_29 varchar2(32) := '2020-02-29 23:59:55'; -- 跨闰2月(29天)
     8   l_cross_mon_30   varchar2(32) := '2020-06-30 23:59:55'; -- 跨小月(30天)
     9   l_cross_mon_31   varchar2(32) := '2020-03-31 23:59:55'; -- 跨大月(31天)
    10 
    11   l_cross_year varchar2(32) := '2020-12-31 23:59:55'; -- 跨年
    12 
    13   l_temp_result varchar2(32) := '';
    14 begin
    15 
    16   dbms_output.put_line('跨天测试 : ' || l_cross_day);
    17   dbms_output.put_line('============================');
    18   l_temp_result := l_cross_day;
    19   for i in 1 .. times loop
    20 
    21     l_temp_result := cron_getnexttimeafter(cron, l_temp_result);
    22     dbms_output.put_line('' || lpad(i,3,'0') || ' 次 : ' || l_temp_result);
    23 
    24   end loop;
    25 
    26   dbms_output.put_line('');
    27 
    28   dbms_output.put_line('跨平2月(28天) : ' || l_cross_mon_2_28);
    29   dbms_output.put_line('============================');
    30   l_temp_result := l_cross_mon_2_28;
    31   for i in 1 .. times loop
    32 
    33     l_temp_result := cron_getnexttimeafter(cron, l_temp_result);
    34     dbms_output.put_line('' || lpad(i,3,'0') || ' 次 : ' || l_temp_result);
    35 
    36   end loop;
    37 
    38   dbms_output.put_line('');
    39 
    40   dbms_output.put_line('跨闰2月(29天) : ' || l_cross_mon_2_29);
    41   dbms_output.put_line('============================');
    42   l_temp_result := l_cross_mon_2_29;
    43   for i in 1 .. times loop
    44 
    45     l_temp_result := cron_getnexttimeafter(cron, l_temp_result);
    46     dbms_output.put_line('' || lpad(i,3,'0') || ' 次 : ' || l_temp_result);
    47 
    48   end loop;
    49 
    50   dbms_output.put_line('');
    51 
    52   dbms_output.put_line('跨小月(30天) : ' || l_cross_mon_30);
    53   dbms_output.put_line('============================');
    54   l_temp_result := l_cross_mon_30;
    55   for i in 1 .. times loop
    56 
    57     l_temp_result := cron_getnexttimeafter(cron, l_temp_result);
    58     dbms_output.put_line('' || lpad(i,3,'0') || ' 次 : ' || l_temp_result);
    59 
    60   end loop;
    61 
    62   dbms_output.put_line('');
    63 
    64   dbms_output.put_line('跨小月(31天) : ' || l_cross_mon_31);
    65   dbms_output.put_line('============================');
    66   l_temp_result := l_cross_mon_31;
    67   for i in 1 .. times loop
    68 
    69     l_temp_result := cron_getnexttimeafter(cron, l_temp_result);
    70     dbms_output.put_line('' || lpad(i,3,'0') || ' 次 : ' || l_temp_result);
    71 
    72   end loop;
    73 
    74   dbms_output.put_line('');
    75 
    76   dbms_output.put_line('跨年 : ' || l_cross_year);
    77   dbms_output.put_line('============================');
    78   l_temp_result := l_cross_year;
    79   for i in 1 .. times loop
    80 
    81     l_temp_result := cron_getnexttimeafter(cron, l_temp_result);
    82     dbms_output.put_line('' || lpad(i,3,'0') || ' 次 : ' || l_temp_result);
    83 
    84   end loop;
    85 
    86   return '请点击输出查看结果是否符合预期!';
    87 end;
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/Denny_Yang/p/12935291.html
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