• 高精度板子


    高精度板子

    #include <stdio.h>  
    #include <string.h>   
    #include <stdlib.h>   
    #include <math.h>  
    #include <assert.h>    
    #include <ctype.h>   
    #include <map>  
    #include <string>  
    #include <set>  
    #include <bitset>  
    #include <utility>  
    #include <algorithm>  
    #include <vector>  
    #include <stack>  
    #include <queue>  
    #include <iostream>  
    #include <fstream>  
    #include <list>  
    using  namespace  std;        
           
    const  int MAXL = 500;        
    struct  BigNum        
    {        
        int  num[MAXL];        
        int  len;        
    };        
           
    //高精度比较 a > b return 1, a == b return 0; a < b return -1;        
    int  Comp(BigNum &a, BigNum &b)        
    {        
        int  i;        
        if(a.len != b.len) return (a.len > b.len) ? 1 : -1;        
        for(i = a.len-1; i >= 0; i--)        
            if(a.num[i] != b.num[i]) return  (a.num[i] > b.num[i]) ? 1 : -1;        
        return  0;        
    }        
           
    //高精度加法        
    BigNum  Add(BigNum &a, BigNum &b)        
    {        
        BigNum c;        
        int  i, len;        
        len = (a.len > b.len) ? a.len : b.len;        
        memset(c.num, 0, sizeof(c.num));        
        for(i = 0; i < len; i++)        
        {        
            c.num[i] += (a.num[i]+b.num[i]);        
            if(c.num[i] >= 10)        
            {        
                c.num[i+1]++;        
                c.num[i] -= 10;        
            }        
        }        
        if(c.num[len])  
            len++;        
        c.len = len;        
        return  c;        
    }        
    //高精度减法,保证a >= b        
    BigNum Sub(BigNum &a, BigNum &b)        
    {        
        BigNum  c;        
        int  i, len;        
        len = (a.len > b.len) ? a.len : b.len;        
        memset(c.num, 0, sizeof(c.num));        
        for(i = 0; i < len; i++)        
        {        
            c.num[i] += (a.num[i]-b.num[i]);        
            if(c.num[i] < 0)        
            {        
                c.num[i] += 10;        
                c.num[i+1]--;        
            }        
        }        
        while(c.num[len] == 0 && len > 1)  
            len--;        
        c.len = len;        
        return  c;        
    }        
    //高精度乘以低精度,当b很大时可能会发生溢出int范围,具体情况具体分析        
    //如果b很大可以考虑把b看成高精度        
    BigNum Mul1(BigNum &a, int  &b)        
    {        
        BigNum c;        
        int  i, len;        
        len = a.len;        
        memset(c.num, 0, sizeof(c.num));        
        //乘以0,直接返回0        
        if(b == 0)         
        {        
            c.len = 1;        
            return  c;        
        }        
        for(i = 0; i < len; i++)        
        {        
            c.num[i] += (a.num[i]*b);        
            if(c.num[i] >= 10)        
            {        
                c.num[i+1] = c.num[i]/10;        
                c.num[i] %= 10;        
            }        
        }        
        while(c.num[len] > 0)        
        {        
            c.num[len+1] = c.num[len]/10;        
            c.num[len++] %= 10;        
        }        
        c.len = len;         
        return  c;        
    }        
           
    //高精度乘以高精度,注意要及时进位,否则肯能会引起溢出,但这样会增加算法的复杂度,        
    //如果确定不会发生溢出, 可以将里面的while改成if        
    BigNum  Mul2(BigNum &a, BigNum &b)        
    {        
        int i, j, len = 0;        
        BigNum  c;        
        memset(c.num, 0, sizeof(c.num));        
        for(i = 0; i < a.len; i++)  
        {  
            for(j = 0; j < b.len; j++)        
            {        
                c.num[i+j] += (a.num[i]*b.num[j]);        
                if(c.num[i+j] >= 10)        
                {        
                    c.num[i+j+1] += c.num[i+j]/10;        
                    c.num[i+j] %= 10;        
                }        
            }  
        }  
        len = a.len+b.len-1;        
        while(c.num[len-1] == 0 && len > 1)  
            len--;        
        if(c.num[len])  
            len++;        
        c.len = len;        
        return  c;        
    }        
           
    //高精度除以低精度,除的结果为c, 余数为f        
    void Div1(BigNum &a, int &b, BigNum &c, int &f)        
    {        
        int  i, len = a.len;        
        memset(c.num, 0, sizeof(c.num));        
        f = 0;        
        for(i = a.len-1; i >= 0; i--)        
        {        
            f = f*10+a.num[i];        
            c.num[i] = f/b;        
            f %= b;        
        }        
        while(len > 1 && c.num[len-1] == 0)  
            len--;        
        c.len = len;        
    }        
    //高精度*10        
    void  Mul10(BigNum &a)        
    {        
        int  i, len = a.len;        
        for(i = len; i >= 1; i--)        
            a.num[i] = a.num[i-1];        
        a.num[i] = 0;        
        len++;        
        //if a == 0        
        while(len > 1 && a.num[len-1] == 0)  
            len--;        
    }        
           
    //高精度除以高精度,除的结果为c,余数为f        
    void Div2(BigNum &a, BigNum &b, BigNum &c, BigNum &f)        
    {        
        int  i, len = a.len;        
        memset(c.num, 0, sizeof(c.num));        
        memset(f.num, 0, sizeof(f.num));        
        f.len = 1;        
        for(i = len-1;i >= 0;i--)        
        {        
            Mul10(f);        
            //余数每次乘10        
            f.num[0] = a.num[i];        
            //然后余数加上下一位        
            ///利用减法替换除法        
            while(Comp(f, b) >= 0)        
            {  
                f = Sub(f, b);        
                c.num[i]++;        
            }        
        }        
        while(len > 1 && c.num[len-1] == 0)  
            len--;        
        c.len = len;        
    }     
    void  print(BigNum &a)   //输出大数     
    {        
        int  i;        
        for(i = a.len-1; i >= 0; i--)        
            printf("%d", a.num[i]);        
        puts("");        
    }        
    //将字符串转为大数存在BigNum结构体里面        
    BigNum ToNum(char *s)        
    {        
        int i, j;        
        BigNum  a;        
        a.len = strlen(s);        
        for(i = 0, j = a.len-1; s[i] != ''; i++, j--)        
            a.num[i] = s[j]-'0';        
        return  a;        
    }        
           
    void Init(BigNum &a, char *s, int &tag)   //将字符串转化为大数  
    {     
        int  i = 0, j = strlen(s);   
        if(s[0] == '-')  
        {  
            j--;  
            i++;  
            tag *= -1;  
        }  
        a.len = j;  
        for(; s[i] != ''; i++, j--)  
            a.num[j-1] = s[i]-'0';  
    }     
        
    int main(void)        
    {        
        BigNum a, b;     
        char  s1[100], s2[100];     
        while(scanf("%s %s", s1, s2) != EOF)     
        {     
            int tag = 1;     
            Init(a, s1, tag);    //将字符串转化为大数  
            Init(b, s2, tag);     
            a = Mul2(a, b);     
            if(a.len == 1 && a.num[0] == 0)     
            {     
                puts("0");     
            }     
            else      
            {     
                if(tag < 0) putchar('-');     
                print(a);     
            }     
        }     
        return 0;     
    }
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/DWVictor/p/10228768.html
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