Python多人聊天室

一.目的

　　以实现小项目的方式，来巩固之前学过的Python基本语法以及相关的知识。

二.相关技术：

1.wxpython GUI编程

2.网络编程

3.多线程编程

4.数据库编程

5.简单的将数据导出到Excel表

三.存在的漏洞以及不足

　　1.由于数据库编码的问题，无法使用中文。

　　2.在客户端关闭后，其相关的线程仍然存在于服务器的用户线程队列中，所以服务器会错误地往已关闭的客户端传送信息。

　　3.客户端初始登录并加载历史记录时，会出现每条历史消息后面的回车键丢失的现象，解决的方法是：在加载相邻两条消息之间加个时间间隔，但效果不佳。

四.源码

服务器Server：

# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-

from socket import *
import time
import threading
import wx
import MySQLdb
import xlwt
from clientthread import ClientThread

class Server(wx.Frame):
    def __init__(self,parent=None,id=-1,title='服务器',pos=wx.DefaultPosition,size=(500,300)):

        '''窗口'''
        wx.Frame.__init__(self,parent,id,title,pos,size=(400,470))
        pl = wx.Panel(self)
        con = wx.BoxSizer(wx.VERTICAL)
        subcon = wx.FlexGridSizer(wx.HORIZONTAL)
        sta = wx.Button(pl , size=(133, 40),label='启动服务器')
        end = wx.Button(pl, size=(133, 40), label='关闭服务器')
        hist = wx.Button(pl,size=(133,40),label='导出聊天记录')
        subcon.Add(sta, 1, wx.BOTTOM)
        subcon.Add(hist, 1, wx.BOTTOM)
        subcon.Add(end, 1, wx.BOTTOM)
        con.Add(subcon,1,wx.ALIGN_CENTRE|wx.BOTTOM)
        self.Text = wx.TextCtrl(pl, size=(400,250),style = wx.TE_MULTILINE|wx.TE_READONLY)
        con.Add(self.Text, 1, wx.ALIGN_CENTRE)
        self.ttex = wx.TextCtrl(pl, size=(400,100),style=wx.TE_MULTILINE)
        con.Add(self.ttex, 1, wx.ALIGN_CENTRE)
        sub2 = wx.FlexGridSizer(wx.HORIZONTAL)
        clear = wx.Button(pl, size=(200, 40), label='清空')
        send = wx.Button(pl, size=(200, 40), label='发送')
        sub2.Add(clear, 1, wx.TOP | wx.LEFT)
        sub2.Add(send, 1, wx.TOP | wx.RIGHT)
        con.Add(sub2, 1, wx.ALIGN_CENTRE)
        pl.SetSizer(con)
        '''窗口'''

        '''绑定'''
        self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.EditClear, clear)
        self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.SendMessage, send)
        self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.Start, sta)
        self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.Break, end)
        self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.WriteToExcel, hist)
        '''绑定'''

        '''服务器准备工作'''
        self.UserThreadList = []
        self.onServe = False
        addr = ('', 21567)
        self.ServeSock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)
        self.ServeSock.bind(addr)
        self.ServeSock.listen(10)
        '''服务器准备工作'''

        '''数据库准备工作，用于存储聊天记录'''
        self.db = MySQLdb.connect('localhost', 'root', '123456', 'user_info')
        self.cursor = self.db.cursor()
        self.cursor.execute("select * from history order by time")
        self.Text.SetValue('')
        for data in self.cursor.fetchall():   #加载历史聊天记录
            self.Text.AppendText('%s said:
%s
when %s

' % (data[0], data[2], data[1]))
        '''数据库准备工作，用于存储聊天记录'''


    #将聊天记录导出到EXCEl表中
    def WriteToExcel(self,event):
        wbk = xlwt.Workbook()
        sheet = wbk.add_sheet('sheet 1')
        self.cursor.execute("select * from history order by time")
        sheet.write(0, 0, "User")
        sheet.write(0, 1, "Datetime")
        sheet.write(0, 5, "Message")
        index = 0
        for data in self.cursor.fetchall():
            index = index + 1
            Time = '%s'%data[1] #将datetime转成字符形式，否则直接写入Excel会变成时间戳
            sheet.write(index,0,data[0])
            sheet.write(index,1,Time)    #写进EXCEL会变成时间戳
            sheet.write(index,5,data[2])
        wbk.save(r'D:History_Dialog.xls')


    #启动服务器的服务线程
    def Start(self,event):
        if not self.onServe:
            '''启动服务线程'''
            self.onServe = True
            mainThread = threading.Thread(target=self.on_serving, args=())
            mainThread.setDaemon(True)  # 解决父线程结束，子线程还继续运行的问题
            mainThread.start()
            '''启动服务线程'''

    #关闭服务器
    def Break(self,event):
        self.onServe = False

    #服务器主循环
    def on_serving(self):
        print '...On serving...'
        while self.onServe:
            UserSocket, UserAddr = self.ServeSock.accept()
            username = UserSocket.recv(1024).decode(encoding='utf-8')   #接收用户名
            userthread = ClientThread(UserSocket, username,self)
            self.UserThreadList.append(userthread)  #将用户线程加到队列中
            userthread.start()
        self.ServeSock.close()

    #绑定发送按钮
    def SendMessage(self,event):
        if self.onServe and cmp(self.ttex.GetValue(),''):
            data = self.ttex.GetValue()
            self.AddText('Server',data,time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S", time.localtime()))
            self.ttex.SetValue('')


    # 向所有客户端（包括自己）发送信息,同时更新到数据库
    def AddText(self, source, data,Time):
        self.cursor.execute("insert into history values("%s","%s","%s")" % (source,Time,data))    #双引号里面有双引号，bug：句子不能有双引号、以及中文
        self.db.commit()
        sendData = '%s said:
%s
when %s
' % (source,data,Time)
        self.Text.AppendText('%s
'%sendData)
        for user in self.UserThreadList:        #bug：客户端关闭了仍然在队列中。如果客户端关闭了，那怎么在服务器判断是否已经关闭了？客户端在关闭之前发一条信息给服务器？
            user.UserSocket.send(sendData.encode(encoding='utf-8'))

    #绑定清空按钮
    def EditClear(self,event):
        self.ttex.Clear()


def main():
    app = wx.App(False)
    Server().Show()
    app.MainLoop()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

服务器的客户线程Clientthread：

# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-

import threading
import time

class ClientThread(threading.Thread):

    def __init__(self,UserSocket, Username,server):
        threading.Thread.__init__(self)
        self.UserSocket = UserSocket
        self.Username = Username
        self.server = server
        self.Loadhist()

    # 加载历史聊天记录
    def Loadhist(self):
        self.server.cursor.execute("select * from history order by time")
        for data in self.server.cursor.fetchall():
            time.sleep(0.6)                 #几条信息同时发，会造成末尾回车键的丢失，所以要有时间间隔
            sendData = '%s said:
%s
when %s
'%(data[0], data[2], data[1])
            self.UserSocket.send(sendData.encode(encoding='utf-8'))


    #方法重写，线程的入口
    def run(self):
        size = 1024
        while True:
            data = self.UserSocket.recv(size)   #未解决：客户端断开连接后这里会报错
            self.server.AddText(self.Username,data.decode(encoding='utf-8'),time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S", time.localtime()))
        self.UserSocket.close() #这里都执行不到

客户登录界面Logframe：

# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-

from socket import *
import wx
import MySQLdb
from client import Client

class LogFrame(wx.Frame):
    def __init__(self,parent=None,id=-1,title='登录窗口',pos=wx.DefaultPosition,size=(500,300)):

        '''窗口'''
        wx.Frame.__init__(self,parent,id,title,pos,size=(400,280))
        self.pl = wx.Panel(self)
        con = wx.BoxSizer(wx.VERTICAL)
        subcon = wx.FlexGridSizer(2,2,10,10)
        username =  wx.StaticText(self.pl, label="Username:",style=wx.ALIGN_LEFT)
        password = wx.StaticText(self.pl, label="Password:",style=wx.ALIGN_LEFT)
        self.tc1 = wx.TextCtrl(self.pl,size=(180,20))
        self.tc2 = wx.TextCtrl(self.pl,size=(180,20),style=wx.TE_PASSWORD)
        subcon.Add(username,wx.TE_LEFT)
        subcon.Add(self.tc1,1,wx.EXPAND)
        subcon.Add(password)
        subcon.Add(self.tc2,1,wx.EXPAND)
        con.Add(subcon,1,wx.ALIGN_CENTER)
        subcon2 = wx.FlexGridSizer(1,2,10,10)
        register = wx.Button(self.pl,label='Register')
        login = wx.Button(self.pl,label='Login')
        subcon2.Add(register,1, wx.TOP)
        subcon2.Add(login,1, wx.TOP)
        con.Add(subcon2,1,wx.ALIGN_CENTRE)
        self.pl.SetSizer(con)
        self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON,self.Register,register)
        self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON,self.Login,login)
        '''窗口'''
        self.isConnected = False
        self.userSocket = None

    #连接到服务器
    def ConnectToServer(self):
        if not self.isConnected:
            ADDR = ('localhost', 21567)
            self.userSocket = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)
            try:
                self.userSocket.connect(ADDR)
                self.userSocket.send(self.tc1.GetValue().encode(encoding='utf-8'))
                self.isConnected = True
                return True
            except Exception:
                return False
        else:
            return True

    #登录
    def Login(self,event):
        if not self.ConnectToServer():
            err = wx.MessageDialog(None, '服务器未启动', 'ERROR!', wx.OK)
            err.ShowModal()
            err.Destroy()
        else:
            username = self.tc1.GetValue()
            password = self.tc2.GetValue()
            db = MySQLdb.connect('localhost', 'root', '123456', 'user_info')
            cursor = db.cursor()
            cursor.execute("select * from user_list where username='%s' and password='%s'"%(username,password))
            if not cursor.fetchone():
                err = wx.MessageDialog(None,'用户不存在或密码错误','ERROR!',wx.OK)
                err.ShowModal()
            else:
                self.Close()
                Client(opSock=self.userSocket, username=username).Show()
            db.commit()
            db.close()

    #注册
    def Register(self,event):
        if not self.ConnectToServer():
            err = wx.MessageDialog(None, '服务器未启动', 'ERROR!', wx.OK)
            err.ShowModal()
            err.Destroy()
        else:
            username = self.tc1.GetValue()
            password = self.tc2.GetValue()
            db = MySQLdb.connect('localhost', 'root', '123456', 'user_info')
            cursor = db.cursor()
            cursor.execute("select * from user_list where username='%s'"%username)
            if not cursor.fetchone():
                cursor.execute("insert into user_list(username,password) values('%s','%s')"%(username,password))
            else:
                err = wx.MessageDialog(None, '用户已存在', 'ERROR!', wx.OK)
                err.ShowModal()
            db.commit()
            db.close()


def main():
    app = wx.App(False)
    LogFrame().Show()
    app.MainLoop()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

客户端Client：

#/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-

import wx
import threading
from time import ctime

class Client(wx.Frame):
    def __init__(self,opSock,username,parent=None,id=-1,title='客户端',pos=wx.DefaultPosition,size=(500,300)):

        '''窗口'''
        wx.Frame.__init__(self,parent,id,title,pos,size=(400,470))
        self.opSock = opSock
        self.username = username
        pl = wx.Panel(self)
        con = wx.BoxSizer(wx.VERTICAL)
        subcon = wx.FlexGridSizer(wx.HORIZONTAL)
        sta = wx.Button(pl, size=(200, 40),label='连接')
        end = wx.Button(pl, size=(200, 40),label='断开')
        subcon.Add(sta, 1, wx.TOP|wx.LEFT)
        subcon.Add(end, 1, wx.TOP|wx.RIGHT)
        con.Add(subcon,1,wx.ALIGN_CENTRE)
        self.Text = wx.TextCtrl(pl, size=(400,250),style = wx.TE_MULTILINE|wx.TE_READONLY)
        con.Add(self.Text, 1, wx.ALIGN_CENTRE)
        self.ttex = wx.TextCtrl(pl, size=(400,100),style=wx.TE_MULTILINE)
        con.Add(self.ttex, 1, wx.ALIGN_CENTRE)
        sub2 = wx.FlexGridSizer(wx.HORIZONTAL)
        clear = wx.Button(pl, size=(200, 40), label='清空')
        send = wx.Button(pl, size=(200, 40), label='发送')
        sub2.Add(clear, 1, wx.TOP | wx.LEFT)
        sub2.Add(send, 1, wx.TOP | wx.RIGHT)
        con.Add(sub2, 1, wx.ALIGN_CENTRE)
        pl.SetSizer(con)
        '''窗口'''

        '''绑定'''
        self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.EditClear, clear)
        self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.Send, send)
        self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.Login, sta)
        self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.Logout, end)
        '''绑定'''
        self.isConnected = False

    #登录
    def Login(self,event):
        '''客户端准备工作'''
        self.isConnected = True
        t = threading.Thread(target=self.Receive, args=())
        t.setDaemon(True)
        t.start()
        '''客户端准备工作'''

    #退出
    def Logout(self,event):
        self.isConnected = False

    #绑定发送按钮
    def Send(self,event):
        if self.isConnected and cmp(self.ttex.GetValue(),''):
            self.opSock.send(self.ttex.GetValue().encode(encoding='utf-8'))
            self.ttex.SetValue('')

    #绑定清空按钮
    def EditClear(self,event):
        self.ttex.Clear()

    #接收客户端的信息（独立一个线程）
    def Receive(self):
        while self.isConnected:
            data = self.opSock.recv(1024).decode(encoding='utf-8')
            self.Text.AppendText('%s
'%data)