（1）include指令
include指令告诉容器：复制被包含文件汇总的所有内容，再把它粘贴到这个文件中。
<%@ include file="Header.jsp"%>
（2）include标准动作
<jsp:include page="Header.jsp"/>
（3）采用JSTL
<c:import url="http://www.sina.com/index.html">
<jsp:include>和<%@include%>的区别
<%@include%>和<jsp:include>的区别，发现了一些东西的。
<%@include%>：页面请求之前预编译，所有代码包含进来之后，一起进行处理，把所有代码合在一起，编译成一个servlet
<jsp:include>：所有代码分别处理，在页面被请求的时候才编译，被编译成多个servlet，页面语法相对独立，处理完成之后再将代码的显示结果（处理结果）组合进来。
JSP中的两种包含页面的方法
第一种：include指令：当JSP转换成Servlet时引入指定文件
<%@ pagecontentType="text/html;charset=GB2312" language="java"errorPage=""%>
<%@ include file="head.jsp"%>
<%@ include file="body.jsp"%>
<%@ include file="tail.jsp"%>
第二种：<jsp:include>动作元素：当JSP页面被请求时引入指定文件
<%@ page contentType="text/html; charset=GB2312"language="java" errorPage=""%>
<jsp:include page="head.jsp"/>
<jsp:include page="body.jsp"/>
<jsp:include page="tail.jsp"/>
第二种方法可以很方便的用<jsp:param>来向所包含页传递参数，方法如下：
<%@ page contentType="text/html; charset=GB2312"language="java" errorPage=""%>
<jsp:include page="head.jsp"/>
<jsp:includepage="body.jsp">
<jsp:param name="uid"value="username"/>
<jsp:param name="pwd"value="password"/>
</jsp:include>
<jsp:includepage="tail.jsp"/>
<jsp:include> ：动态包含
第一种情况（<jsp:include>包含的是html文件）：
DynamicInclude.jsp:
<%@pagecontentType="text/html;charset=gb2312"%>
<html>
<head>
<title>动态包含</title>
</head>
<bodystyle=" margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 255);">>
<jsp:include page="header.html"flush="true"/><!--动态包含-->
<tableborder="1" align="center">
<tr>
<td>姓名</td><td>性别</td><td>年龄</td><td>爱好</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>a</td><td>b</td><td>c</td><td>d</td>
</tr>
</table>
</body>
</html>
Header.html ：
<h2style="font-family:arial;color:red;font-size:25px;text-align:center">
动态包含的标题(HTML)
</h2>
运行之后，只生成一个servlet，和上面的代码对应如下：
out.write("
");
out.write("<html>
");
out.write(" <head>
");
out.write(" <title>动态包含</title>
");
out.write(" </head>
");
out.write(" <bodystyle="background-color:lightblue">
");
out.write("
");
out.write(" ");
<span style="color:#ff0000;">org.apache.jasper.runtime.JspRuntimeLibrary.include(request,response, "header.html", out, true);</span>
out.write("<!--动态包含-->
");
out.write("
");
out.write(" <table border="1"align="center">
");
out.write(" <tr>
");
out.write(" <td>姓名</td><td>性别</td><td>年龄</td><td>爱好</td>
");
out.write(" </tr>
");
out.write(" <tr>
");
out.write(" <td>a</td><td>b</td><td>c</td><td>d</td>
");
out.write(" </tr>
");
out.write(" </table>
");
out.write(" </body>
");
out.write("</html>");
第二种情况（<jsp:include>包含的是jsp文件）：
DynamicInclude.jsp:
<%@pagecontentType="text/html;charset=gb2312"%>
<html>
<head>
<title>动态包含</title>
</head>
<bodystyle=" margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 255);">>
<jsp:include page="header.jsp"flush="true"/><!--动态包含-->
<tableborder="1" align="center">
<tr>
<td>姓名</td><td>性别</td><td>年龄</td><td>爱好</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>a</td><td>b</td><td>c</td><td>d</td>
</tr>
</table>
</body>
</html>
Header.jsp ：
<%@pagecontentType="text/html;charset=gb2312"%>
<html>
<body>
<h2style="font-family:arial;color:red;font-size:25px;text-align:center">
动态包含的标题(JSP)
</h2>
</body>
</html>
运行之后，生成了两个servlet：DynamicInclude_jsp.java和header_jsp.java，这也是为什么 Header.jsp中要写上<%@page contentType="text/html;charset=gb2312"%>和完整的<html></html>和<body></body>，而Header.html不用写的原因。因为前者两个.jsp文件是两个相互独立的整体，它们之间的关系是通过request和reponse来发生的，而后者只是简单的嵌套。两个servlet对应的代码如下：
DynamicInclude_jsp.java：
out.write("
");
out.write("<html>
");
out.write(" <head>
");
out.write(" <title>动态包含</title>
");
out.write(" </head>
");
out.write(" <bodystyle="background-color:lightblue">
");
out.write("
");
out.write(" ");
<span style="color:#ff0000;">org.apache.jasper.runtime.JspRuntimeLibrary.include(request,response, "header.jsp", out, true);</span>
out.write("<!--动态包含-->
");
out.write("
");
out.write(" <table border="1"align="center">
");
out.write(" <tr>
");
out.write(" <td>姓名</td><td>性别</td><td>年龄</td><td>爱好</td>
");
out.write(" </tr>
");
out.write(" <tr>
");
out.write(" <td>a</td><td>b</td><td>c</td><td>d</td>
");
out.write(" </tr>
");
out.write(" </table>
");
out.write(" </body>
");
out.write("</html>");
header_jsp.java:
out.write("
");
out.write("<html>
");
out.write(" <body>
");
out.write(" <h2 style="font-family:arial;color:red;font-size:25px;text-align:center">
");
out.write(" 动态包含的标题(JSP)
");
out.write(" </h2>
");
out.write(" </body>
");
out.write("</html>");
<%@include%>：静态包含
第一种情况：<%@include%>包含的是jsp文件。
StaticInclude.jsp:
<%@pagecontentType="text/html;charset=gb2312"%>
<html>
<head>
<title>静态包含</title>
</head>
<bodystyle=" margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 255);">>
<%@include file="header.jsp"%><!--静态包含-->
<tableborder="1" align="center">
<tr>
<td>姓名</td><td>性别</td><td>年龄</td><td>爱好</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>a</td><td>b</td><td>c</td><td>d</td>
</tr>
</table>
</body>
</html>
header.jsp:
<%@pagecontentType="text/html;charset=gb2312"%>
<h2style="font-family:arial;color:red;font-size:25px;text-align:center">
静态包含的标题(JSP)
</h2>
运行之后，只生成一个servlet，和上面的代码对应如下：
out.write("
");
out.write("<html>
");
out.write(" <head>
");
out.write(" <title>静态包含</title>
");
out.write(" </head>
");
out.write(" <body style="background-color:lightblue">
");
out.write("
");
out.write(" ");
out.write("
");
<span style="color:#ff0000;">out.write("<h2style="font-family:arial;color:red;font-size:25px;text-align:center">
");
out.write(" 静态包含的标题(JSP)
");
out.write("</h2>");</span>
out.write("<!--静态包含-->
");
out.write(" <table border="1"align="center">
");
out.write(" <tr>
");
out.write(" <td>姓名</td><td>性别</td><td>年龄</td><td>爱好</td>
");
out.write(" </tr>
");
out.write(" <tr>
");
out.write(" <td>a</td><td>b</td><td>c</td><td>d</td>
");
out.write(" </tr>
");
out.write(" </table>
");
out.write(" </body>
");
out.write("</html>");
第二种情况：<%@include%>包含的是html文件。
StaticInclude.jsp:
<%@pagecontentType="text/html;charset=gb2312"%>
<html>
<head>
<title>静态包含</title>
</head>
<bodystyle=" margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 255);">>
<%@include file="header.html"%><!--静态包含-->
<tableborder="1" align="center">
<tr>
<td>姓名</td><td>性别</td><td>年龄</td><td>爱好</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>a</td><td>b</td><td>c</td><td>d</td>
</tr>
</table>
</body>
</html>
header.html:
<%@pagecontentType="text/html;charset=gb2312"%>
<h2style="font-family:arial;color:red;font-size:25px;text-align:center">
静态包含的标题(HTML)
</h2>
运行之后，也是只生成一个servlet，和上面的代码对应如下：
out.write("
");
out.write("<html>
");
out.write(" <head>
");
out.write(" <title>静态包含</title>
");
out.write(" </head>
");
out.write(" <bodystyle="background-color:lightblue">
");
out.write("
");
out.write(" ");
out.write("
");
<span style="color:#ff0000;">out.write("<h2style="font-family:arial;color:red;font-size:25px;text-align:center">
");
out.write(" 静态包含的标题(HTML)
");
out.write("</h2>");</span>
out.write("<!--静态包含-->
");
out.write(" <table border="1"align="center">
");
out.write(" <tr>
");
out.write(" <td>姓名</td><td>性别</td><td>年龄</td><td>爱好</td>
");
out.write(" </tr>
");
out.write(" <tr>
");
out.write(" <td>a</td><td>b</td><td>c</td><td>d</td>
");
out.write(" </tr>
");
out.write(" </table>
");
out.write(" </body>
");
out.write("</html>");
由上可以总结出：
对于静态包含，<%@include%>，中包含的文件，只是简单的嵌入到主文件中，就是在jsp页面转化成Servlet时才嵌入到主文件中，因为运行的结果是只生成了一个Servlet。
而对于动态包含<jsp:incude>，如果被包含文件是动态的，那么就会生成两个Servlet，也就是被包含文件也要经过jsp引擎编译执行生成一个Servlet，两个Servlet通过request和reponse进行通信。如果被包含的文件是静态的，那么这种情况和<%@include>就很相似，只生成了一个Servlet，但是他们之间没有进行简单的嵌入，而依然是通过request和reponse进行的通信。