• Leetcode 509 斐波那契数


    题目定义:

    斐波那契数,通常用 F(n) 表示,形成的序列称为 斐波那契数列 。该数列由 0 和 1 开始,后面的每一项数字都是前面两项数字的和。也就是:
    
    F(0) = 0,F(1) = 1
    F(n) = F(n - 1) + F(n - 2),其中 n > 1
    给你 n ,请计算 F(n) 。
    
    示例 1:
    
    输入:2
    输出:1
    解释:F(2) = F(1) + F(0) = 1 + 0 = 1
    示例 2:
    
    输入:3
    输出:2
    解释:F(3) = F(2) + F(1) = 1 + 1 = 2
    示例 3:
    
    输入:4
    输出:3
    解释:F(4) = F(3) + F(2) = 2 + 1 = 3
     
    

    方式一:

    class Solution {
        public int fib(int n) {
            if(n <= 0)
                return 0;
            int[] F = new int[n + 1];
            F[0] = 0;
            F[1] = 1;
            for(int i = 2; i <= n; i++){
                F[i] =F[i-1] + F[i-2];
            }
            return F[n];
        }
    }
    

    方式二:

    class Solution {
        public int fib(int n) {
            if(n == 0)
                return 0;
            int first = 0;
            int second = 1;
            for(int i = 2; i <= n; ++i){
                int temp = first + second;
                first = second;
                second = temp;
            }
            return second;
        }
    }
    

    方式三(矩阵快速幂):

    class Solution {
        public int fib(int n) {
            if (n < 2) {
                return n;
            }
            int[][] q = {{1, 1}, {1, 0}};
            int[][] res = pow(q, n - 1);
            return res[0][0];
        }
    
        private int[][] pow(int[][] a, int n) {
            int[][] ret = {{1, 0}, {0, 1}};
            while (n > 0) {
                if ((n & 1) == 1) {
                    ret = multiply(ret, a);
                }
                n >>= 1;
                a = multiply(a, a);
            }
            return ret;
        }
    
        private int[][] multiply(int[][] a, int[][] b) {
            int[][] c = new int[2][2];
            for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
                for (int j = 0; j < 2; j++) {
                    c[i][j] = a[i][0] * b[0][j] + a[i][1] * b[1][j];
                }
            }
            return c;
        }
    }
    
    

    方式四(通项公式):

    class Solution {
        public int fib(int n) {
            double sqrt5 = Math.sqrt(5);
            double fibN = Math.pow((1 + sqrt5) / 2, n) - Math.pow((1 - sqrt5) / 2, n);
            return (int) Math.round(fibN / sqrt5);
        }
    }
    
    

    说明:

    image-20210104182308218

    参考:

    https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/fibonacci-number/

    https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/95902286

    https://www.cnblogs.com/cmmdc/p/6936196.html

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/CodingXu-jie/p/14231446.html
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