结构体：相当于是我们自己定义的一种复杂的类型。
常见简单类型：int... double float bool char string
常见复杂类型：DateTime 数组类型
生活中大部份的对象都是复合型的对象。
如何定义结构体类型？
一般来说结构体的定义要放在class的外面或class的里面，尽量不放在Main的里面。
struct 自定义类型名
{
public 变量类型 变量名;
......;
......;
......;
}
例如：
struct YuanGong //自定义的数据类型。用来描述员工的信息。
{
public string NO;
public string Name;
public int Age;
public string Nation;
public bool Sex;
}
如何用自定义的类型来定义变量？
自定义类型名 变量 = new 自定义类型名();
如何使用自定义类型的变量？
变量.子变量 = "xxxx";
Console.WriteLine(变量名.子变量);
例如：
//定义自定义类型的变量
YuanGong zhangsan = new YuanGong();
//给变量赋值
zhangsan.NO = "Y001";
zhangsan.Name = "张三";
zhangsan.Age = 22;
zhangsan.Sex = true;
zhangsan.Nation = "汉族";
//对变量取值
Console.WriteLine(zhangsan.NO+" "+zhangsan.Name+" "+zhangsan.Age);
Console.WriteLine(zhangsan.Nation+" "+(zhangsan.Sex?"男":"女"));
例题1.描述员工信息
struct YuanGong //自定义的数据类型。用来描述员工的信息。
{
public string NO;
public string Name;
public int Age;
public string Nation;
public bool Sex;
public LianXiFangShi LianXi;
}
struct LianXiFangShi
{
public string QQ;
public string WeiXin;
public string Email;
public string Telephone;
public string Address;
public string ZipCode;
}
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
YuanGong zhangsan = new YuanGong();
zhangsan.NO = "Y001";
zhangsan.Name = "张三";
zhangsan.Age = 22;
zhangsan.Sex = true;
zhangsan.Nation = "汉族";
zhangsan.LianXi.QQ = "434354546";
//zhangsan.LianXi.WeiXin = "张三三";
//zhangsan.LianXi.Email = "zhangsan@tom.com";
zhangsan.LianXi.Address = "张店区张家胡同";
zhangsan.LianXi.ZipCode = "25000";
zhangsan.LianXi.Telephone = "";
YuanGong lisi = new YuanGong();
lisi.NO = "Y002";
lisi.Name = "李四";
lisi.Age = 25;
lisi.Sex =false;
lisi.Nation = "回族";
Console.WriteLine("**********张三的个人信息***********");
Console.WriteLine(zhangsan.NO+" "+zhangsan.Name+" "+zhangsan.Age);
Console.WriteLine(zhangsan.Nation+" "+(zhangsan.Sex?"男":"女"));
Console.WriteLine("联系方式：");
Console.WriteLine(
"QQ："+(zhangsan.LianXi.QQ==null?"无":zhangsan.LianXi.QQ)+" "//若没输入qq，打印“无”
+"微信："+(zhangsan.LianXi.WeiXin == null?"无":zhangsan.LianXi.WeiXin)+" "
+"手机："+(zhangsan.LianXi.Telephone==null?"无":zhangsan.LianXi.Telephone)+" "
+"邮箱："+(zhangsan.LianXi.Email==null?"无":zhangsan.LianXi.Email)+" "
+"地址："+zhangsan.LianXi.Address+" "+zhangsan.LianXi.ZipCode);
}
例题、两人对战游戏
struct Ren
{
public string Name;
public int Blood;
public int Attack;
public int Defend;
public int Quick;
}
struct WuGong
{
public string Name;
public int Attack;
}
static void Main(string[] args)
{
WuGong[] wg = new WuGong[3];
wg[0].Name = "辟邪剑法";
wg[0].Attack = 500;
wg[1].Name = "降龙十八掌";
wg[1].Attack = 600;
wg[2].Name = "暗然消魂掌";
wg[2].Attack = 400;
Ren r1 = new Ren();
Ren r2 = new Ren();
//初化两个战斗人员的属性。
Console.Write("请输入第一个战士姓名：");
r1.Name = Console.ReadLine();
Console.Write("请输入第二个战士姓名：");
r2.Name = Console.ReadLine();
//生成血量
Random rand = new Random();
r1.Blood = rand.Next(1000) + 1000;
r2.Blood = rand.Next(1000) + 1000;
//生成攻防
r1.Attack = rand.Next(50) + 50;
r2.Attack = rand.Next(50) + 50;
r1.Defend = rand.Next(50) + 50;
r2.Defend = rand.Next(50) + 50;
//生成身法
r1.Quick = rand.Next(100);
r2.Quick = rand.Next(100);
Console.WriteLine("姓名：" + r1.Name + " 生命力：" + r1.Blood+" 攻击力："+r1.Attack+" 防御力："+r1.Defend+" 敏捷度："+r1.Quick);
Console.WriteLine("VS");
Console.WriteLine("姓名：" + r2.Name + " 生命力：" + r2.Blood + " 攻击力：" + r2.Attack + " 防御力：" + r2.Defend + " 敏捷度：" + r2.Quick);
Console.WriteLine("按任意键开始...");
Console.ReadKey();
while(true)
{
//跳出循环。
if(r1.Blood <=0 && r2.Blood<=0)
{
Console.WriteLine(r1.Name+"与"+r2.Name+"同归于尽了！");
break;
}
if(r1.Blood<=0)
{
Console.WriteLine(r2.Name+"把"+r1.Name+"KO了~！");
break;
}
if (r2.Blood <= 0)
{
Console.WriteLine(r1.Name + "把" + r2.Name + "KO了~！");
break;
}
//对战
//大招
int dz1 = rand.Next(10); //r2的大招
if (dz1 >= 8) //大招
{
WuGong w1 = wg[rand.Next(3)];
int b1 = rand.Next(100); //r1失掉的血
int gj1 = rand.Next(100) - 50; //为了浮动r1的攻击
int fy1 = rand.Next(100) - 50;//为了浮动r2的防御
b1 = (b1 + (r2.Attack + gj1+w1.Attack) - (r1.Defend + fy1)) < 0 ? 0 : (b1 + (r2.Attack + gj1+w1.Attack) - (r1.Defend + fy1));
r1.Blood -= b1;
if (r1.Blood < 0)
{
r1.Blood = 0;
}
//稍待一下。
System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(2000);
Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.Red;
Console.WriteLine(r2.Name + "使用大招"+w1.Name+"发起攻击，" + r1.Name + "失掉生命力" + b1 + "点！");
Console.ResetColor();
Console.WriteLine();
}
else //平常招式
{
int sf1 = rand.Next(80);
if (r1.Quick - sf1 >= 0)
{
Console.WriteLine(r1.Name + "躲过了" + r2.Name + "攻击");
}
else
{
int b1 = rand.Next(100); //r1失掉的血
int gj1 = rand.Next(100) - 50; //为了浮动r1的攻击
int fy1 = rand.Next(100) - 50;//为了浮动r2的防御
b1 = (b1 + (r2.Attack + gj1) - (r1.Defend + fy1)) < 0 ? 0 : (b1 + (r2.Attack + gj1) - (r1.Defend + fy1));
r1.Blood -= b1;
if (r1.Blood < 0)
{
r1.Blood = 0;
}
//稍待一下。
System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(2000);
Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.Red;
Console.WriteLine(r2.Name + "发起攻击，" + r1.Name + "失掉生命力" + b1 + "点！");
Console.ResetColor();
Console.WriteLine();
}
}
//稍待一下。
System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(2000);
int dz2 = rand.Next(10); //r2的大招
if (dz2 >= 8) //大招
{
WuGong w1 = wg[rand.Next(3)];
int b2 = rand.Next(100); //r1失掉的血
int gj1 = rand.Next(100) - 50; //为了浮动r1的攻击
int fy1 = rand.Next(100) - 50;//为了浮动r2的防御
b2 = (b2 + (r1.Attack + gj1 + w1.Attack) - (r2.Defend + fy1)) < 0 ? 0 : (b2 + (r1.Attack + gj1 + w1.Attack) - (r2.Defend + fy1));
r2.Blood -= b2;
if (r2.Blood < 0)
{
r2.Blood = 0;
}
//稍待一下。
System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(2000);
Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.Red;
Console.WriteLine(r1.Name + "使用大招" + w1.Name + "发起攻击，" + r2.Name + "失掉生命力" + b2 + "点！");
Console.ResetColor();
Console.WriteLine();
}
else
{
int sf2 = rand.Next(80);
if (r2.Quick - sf2 >= 0)
{
Console.WriteLine(r2.Name + "躲过了" + r1.Name + "攻击");
}
else
{
int b2 = rand.Next(100);//r2失掉的血
int gj2 = rand.Next(100) - 50; //为了浮动r1的攻击
int fy2 = rand.Next(100) - 50;//为了浮动r2的防御
b2 = (b2 + (r1.Attack + gj2) - (r2.Defend + fy2)) < 0 ? 0 : (b2 + (r1.Attack + gj2) - (r2.Defend + fy2));
r2.Blood -= b2;
if (r2.Blood < 0)
{
r2.Blood = 0;
}
Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.Blue;
Console.WriteLine(r1.Name + "发起攻击，" + r2.Name + "失掉生命力" + b2 + "点！");
Console.ResetColor();
Console.WriteLine();
}
}
Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.Yellow;
Console.Write("姓名：" + r1.Name + "生命力：" + r1.Blood + " ");
Console.Write("姓名：" + r2.Name + "生命力：" + r2.Blood);
Console.ResetColor();
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine();
}
}