创建项目
使用 vue-cli 快速搭建项目结构,关于vue-cli的更多用法,请阅读官方说明 !vue-cli官方文档
- 创建项目
vue create cloud-film-vue
- 安装依赖
vscode中,在终端打开文件夹,然后
npm install
或yarn
npm install
或
vue add
或
yarn
- 启动项目
yarn run dev
或
npm run dev
以上是开发环境下,若是生产环境,dev换成build
添加单元测试
更多jest用法,阅读官方文档 !jest官方
- 根目录下(与src文件夹同级目录)新建 test文件夹
- 安装
jest
yarn add jest
或
npm install --save-dev jest
- 配置jest启动方式
在package.json中的 “srcipts”:{} 中添加jest的启动方法,如下:
"scripts": {
//其他指令
"test": "jest" //test指令
},
- 在test文件夹中添加测试文件
hello.test.js
测试文件必须以xxx.test.js的方式命名,.test.js的文件,无论在项目中的什么位置,都会被识别为测试文件,并在执行测试单元测试的时候被执行。
编写如下代码:
const returnHelloWorld = () => {
return 'hello world'
}
test('输出hello world ', () => {
expect(returnHelloWorld()).toBe('hello world')
})
- 运行测试用例hello.test.js
yarn test
或
npm run test
执行全部测试用例。若要执行单个测试用例,则在 test后指定用例名即可,如:
yarn test hello.test.js
或
npm run test hello.test.js
- 运行结果
PS E:ProjectCloudFilmVueVersion-PracticecloudFilm-vuecloud-film-vue> yarn test
yarn run v1.22.4
$ jest
PASS test/hello.test.js
√ 输出hello world (2 ms)
Test Suites: 1 passed, 1 total
Tests: 1 passed, 1 total
Snapshots: 0 total
Time: 2.001 s
Ran all test suites.
Done in 3.13s.
如上,显示测试通过。
eslint代码检测
- 安装
npm install eslint --save-dev
- 初始化eslint文件
./node_modules/.bin/eslint --init
不要怀疑,就是这个指令。
运行指令后,会让你回答一系列问题,你根据自己的需求认真选择选项,稍后会根据你的选择生成对应的代码检测规则。
选择编码风格时,选 standard,这是我们团队的规范
- 运行检测文件,检测代码格式
./node_modules/.bin/eslint yourfile.js
运行如上命令,会检查你的代码,列出格式错误的地方。yourfile.js是你要检测的文件,如main.js ,就是检测mian.js的代码格式问题。
检测结果:
PS E:ProjectCloudFilmVueVersion-PracticecloudFilm-vuecloud-film-vue> ./node_modules/.bin/eslint .eslintrc.json
E:ProjectCloudFilmVueVersion-PracticecloudFilm-vuecloud-film-vue.eslintrc.json
1:1 error Expected an assignment or function call and instead saw an expression no-unused-expressions
2:1 error Expected indentation of 2 spaces but found 4 indent
2:5 error Unnecessarily quoted property 'env' found quote-props
2:5 error Strings must use singlequote quotes
3:1 error Expected indentation of 4 spaces but found 8 indent
3:9 error Unnecessarily quoted property 'browser' found quote-props
3:9 error Strings must use singlequote quotes
4:1 error Expected indentation of 4 spaces but found 8 indent
4:9 error Unnecessarily quoted property 'es6' found quote-props
4:9 error Strings must use singlequote quotes
5:1 error Expected indentation of 2 spaces but found 4 indent
6:1 error Expected indentation of 2 spaces but found 4 indent
6:5 error Unnecessarily quoted property 'extends' found quote-props
6:5 error Strings must use singlequote quotes
7:1 error Expected indentation of 4 spaces but found 8 indent
7:9 error Strings must use singlequote quotes
8:1 error Expected indentation of 4 spaces but found 8 indent
8:9 error Strings must use singlequote quotes
9:1 error Expected indentation of 2 spaces but found 4 indent
10:1 error Expected indentation of 2 spaces but found 4 indent
10:5 error Unnecessarily quoted property 'globals' found quote-props
10:5 error Strings must use singlequote quotes
11:1 error Expected indentation of 4 spaces but found 8 indent
11:9 error Unnecessarily quoted property 'Atomics' found quote-props
11:9 error Strings must use singlequote quotes
11:20 error Strings must use singlequote quotes
12:1 error Expected indentation of 4 spaces but found 8 indent
12:9 error Unnecessarily quoted property 'SharedArrayBuffer' found quote-props
12:9 error Strings must use singlequote quotes
12:30 error Strings must use singlequote quotes
13:1 error Expected indentation of 2 spaces but found 4 indent
14:1 error Expected indentation of 2 spaces but found 4 indent
14:5 error Unnecessarily quoted property 'parserOptions' found quote-props
14:5 error Strings must use singlequote quotes
15:1 error Expected indentation of 4 spaces but found 8 indent
15:9 error Unnecessarily quoted property 'ecmaVersion' found quote-props
15:9 error Strings must use singlequote quotes
16:1 error Expected indentation of 4 spaces but found 8 indent
16:9 error Unnecessarily quoted property 'parser' found quote-props
16:9 error Strings must use singlequote quotes
16:19 error Strings must use singlequote quotes
17:1 error Expected indentation of 4 spaces but found 8 indent
17:9 error Unnecessarily quoted property 'sourceType' found quote-props
17:9 error Strings must use singlequote quotes
17:23 error Strings must use singlequote quotes
18:1 error Expected indentation of 2 spaces but found 4 indent
19:1 error Expected indentation of 2 spaces but found 4 indent
19:5 error Unnecessarily quoted property 'plugins' found quote-props
19:5 error Strings must use singlequote quotes
20:1 error Expected indentation of 4 spaces but found 8 indent
20:9 error Strings must use singlequote quotes
21:1 error Expected indentation of 4 spaces but found 8 indent
21:9 error Strings must use singlequote quotes
22:1 error Expected indentation of 2 spaces but found 4 indent
23:1 error Expected indentation of 2 spaces but found 4 indent
23:5 error Unnecessarily quoted property 'rules' found quote-props
23:5 error Strings must use singlequote quotes
24:1 error Expected indentation of 2 spaces but found 4 indent
25:2 error Newline required at end of file but not found eol-last
✖ 59 problems (59 errors, 0 warnings)
58 errors and 0 warnings potentially fixable with the `--fix` option.
检测结果:59个问题格式
在vue中如何关闭eslint的代码检测
- 在项目根目录下增加
vue.config.js
,内容为:
// vue.config.js
module.exports = {
lintOnSave: false
}
添加UI库Vux
UI库可以使用Vux,还比较火,更多Vux相关,请查看官方文档 !Vux官方文档
- 安装vux
npm install vux --save
或
yarn add vux //安装
yarn upgrade vux // 更新
- 安装和配置
vux-loader
vux2必须配合vux-loader使用,并配置build/webpack.base.conf.js //新版脚手架可能不用配这个
npm install vux-loader --save-dev
- 安装
less-loader
(用以正确编译less源码)
npm install less less-loader --save-dev
- 安装
yaml-loader
以进行语言文件读取
npm install yaml-loader --save-dev
- 使用
以下是从官方文档中copy的一段代码,展示效果如下图:
<template>
<div>
<v-chart :data="data" prevent-default>
<v-scale x :tick-count="3" />
<v-tooltip :show-item-marker="false" show-x-value />
<v-line />
</v-chart>
</div>
</template>
<script>
import { VChart, VTooltip, VLine, VScale } from 'vux'
export default {
components: {
VChart,
VTooltip,
VLine,
VScale
},
data () {
return {
data: [
{ date: '2017-06-05', value: 116 },
{ date: '2017-06-06', value: 129 },
{ date: '2017-06-07', value: 135 },
{ date: '2017-06-08', value: 86 },
{ date: '2017-06-09', value: 73 },
{ date: '2017-06-10', value: 85 },
{ date: '2017-06-11', value: 73 },
{ date: '2017-06-12', value: 68 },
{ date: '2017-06-13', value: 92 },
{ date: '2017-06-14', value: 130 },
{ date: '2017-06-15', value: 245 },
{ date: '2017-06-16', value: 139 },
{ date: '2017-06-17', value: 115 },
{ date: '2017-06-18', value: 111 },
{ date: '2017-06-19', value: 309 },
{ date: '2017-06-20', value: 206 },
{ date: '2017-06-21', value: 137 },
{ date: '2017-06-22', value: 128 },
{ date: '2017-06-23', value: 85 },
{ date: '2017-06-24', value: 94 },
{ date: '2017-06-25', value: 71 },
{ date: '2017-06-26', value: 106 },
{ date: '2017-06-27', value: 84 },
{ date: '2017-06-28', value: 93 },
{ date: '2017-06-29', value: 85 },
{ date: '2017-06-30', value: 73 },
{ date: '2017-07-01', value: 83 },
{ date: '2017-07-02', value: 125 },
{ date: '2017-07-03', value: 107 },
{ date: '2017-07-04', value: 82 },
{ date: '2017-07-05', value: 44 },
{ date: '2017-07-06', value: 72 },
{ date: '2017-07-07', value: 106 },
{ date: '2017-07-08', value: 107 },
{ date: '2017-07-09', value: 66 },
{ date: '2017-07-10', value: 91 },
{ date: '2017-07-11', value: 92 },
{ date: '2017-07-12', value: 113 },
{ date: '2017-07-13', value: 107 },
{ date: '2017-07-14', value: 131 },
{ date: '2017-07-15', value: 111 },
{ date: '2017-07-16', value: 64 },
{ date: '2017-07-17', value: 69 },
{ date: '2017-07-18', value: 88 },
{ date: '2017-07-19', value: 77 },
{ date: '2017-07-20', value: 83 },
{ date: '2017-07-21', value: 111 },
{ date: '2017-07-22', value: 57 },
{ date: '2017-07-23', value: 55 },
{ date: '2017-07-24', value: 60 }
]
}
}
}
</script>
路由 Vue Router
Vue路由使用 Vue router,具体使用方法详情,参见 Vue Router中文文档
- 安装
npm install vue-router
- 使用
具体使用见官方文档,内容较多,暂不记录
需要显式的通过Vue.use()
来安装VueRouter
:
import Vue from 'vue'
import VueRouter from 'vue-router'
Vue.use(VueRouter)
状态管理 Vuex
Vue使用Vuex进行状态管理,其核心思想同redux类型,详情参见 Vuex中文文档
- 安装
npm install vuex --save
或
yarn add vuex
- 使用
需要显式的通过Vue.use()
来安装Vuex
:
import Vue from 'vue'
import Vuex from 'vuex'
Vue.use(Vuex)
- 在项目中使用
第一步:在src
下新建文件夹 store
,在文件夹下新建4个文件
+ index.js
+ state.js
+ action.js
+ motation.js
第二步:在 state.js
action.js
motation.js
中分别编写对应的代码:
state.js
const state = {
name: 'cherish',
age: 26,
sex: 'male',
birthday: '1994-10-22'
}
export default state
action.js
export default {
// 这里写对应的代码 或参照 state.js的写法也可
}
motation.js
export default {
// 这里写对应的代码 或参照 state.js的写法也可
}
第三步:在 index.js
中引入以上三个文件,引入Vuex
,创建store
import mutation from './mutation'
import action from './action'
import state from './state'
import Vuex from 'vuex'
// Vuex 状态管理的完整使用模式
Vue.use(Vuex)
const store = new Vuex.Store({
state,
mutation,
action
})
export default store
第四步:在组件中提交 motation
或 action
在组件中使用
this.$store.commit('xxx')
提交 mutation,或者使用mapMutations
辅助函数将组件中的 methods 映射为store.commit
调用(需要在根节点注入store
)
// 提交motation
import { mapMutations } from 'vuex'
export default {
// ...
methods: {
...mapMutations([
'increment', // 将 `this.increment()` 映射为 `this.$store.commit('increment')`
// `mapMutations` 也支持载荷:
'incrementBy' // 将 `this.incrementBy(amount)` 映射为 `this.$store.commit('incrementBy', amount)`
]),
...mapMutations({
add: 'increment' // 将 `this.add()` 映射为 `this.$store.commit('increment')`
})
}
}
// 提交action
import { mapActions } from 'vuex'
export default {
// ...
methods: {
...mapActions([
'increment', // 将 `this.increment()` 映射为 `this.$store.dispatch('increment')`
// `mapActions` 也支持载荷:
'incrementBy' // 将 `this.incrementBy(amount)` 映射为 `this.$store.dispatch('incrementBy', amount)`
]),
...mapActions({
add: 'increment' // 将 `this.add()` 映射为 `this.$store.dispatch('increment')`
})
}
}
第五步:对于比较复杂的项目,可以将store
模块化,最后在一个总的index.js
组合起来
具体实现参见Vuex核心概念——Modules
这有点类似于 React 中的 dva.js
也有命名空间等概念