• 使用开源免费类库在.net中操作Excel


    自从上次找到NPOI之后,根据园友提供的线索以及Google,又找到了一些开源免费的类库,所以都简单体验了一遍。

    主要找到以下类库:

    1. MyXls(http://sourceforge.net/projects/myxls/)
    2. Koogra(http://sourceforge.net/projects/koogra/)
    3. ExcelLibrary(http://code.google.com/p/excellibrary/)
    4. ExcelPackage(http://excelpackage.codeplex.com/)
    5. EPPlus(http://epplus.codeplex.com/)
    6. LinqToExcel(http://code.google.com/p/linqtoexcel/)
    7. NetOffice(http://netoffice.codeplex.com/) 需安装Office Excel

    从1-6的类库均不需要安装Office,不使用Office COM组件;而NetOffice需要安装Office,它提供的是与Office COM组件差不多的功能。

    注:本文仅简单演示读取与创建Excel。

    备测试代码

    首先,为这些类库准备一些测试代码,用于之后的测试。

    aspx主要代码如下:

    View Code
    <asp:FileUpload ID="FileUpload1" runat="server" />
    <asp:Button ID="Button1" runat="server" Text="上传Excel" 
        onclick="Button1_Click" />
        <asp:Button ID="Button2" runat="server" Text="下载Excel" 
        onclick="Button2_Click" />
    <asp:GridView ID="GridView2" runat="server">
    </asp:GridView>

    aspx.cs主要代码如下:

    View Code
    private void RenderToBrowser(MemoryStream ms, string fileName)
    {
        if (Request.Browser.Browser == "IE")
            fileName = HttpUtility.UrlEncode(fileName);
        Response.AddHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;fileName=" + fileName);
        Response.BinaryWrite(ms.ToArray());
    }
    
    protected void Button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        if (FileUpload1.HasFile)
        {//读取上传的文件绑定到GridView
            GridView1.DataSource = ReadByXXX(FileUpload1.FileContent);
            GridView1.DataBind();
        }
    }
    
    protected void Button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        DataTable table = new DataTable();
        table.Columns.Add("aa", typeof(string));
        table.Columns.Add("bb", typeof(string));
        table.Columns.Add("cc", typeof(string));
        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
        {
            string a = DateTime.Now.Ticks.ToString();
            Thread.Sleep(1);
            string b = DateTime.Now.Ticks.ToString();
            Thread.Sleep(1);
            string c = DateTime.Now.Ticks.ToString();
            Thread.Sleep(1);
            table.Rows.Add(a, b, c);
        }
        //从DataTable创建Excel并下载
        RenderToBrowser(CreateByXXX(table), "test.xls");
    }

    MyXls

    MyXls支持Office Excel 97-2003格式(Biff8格式),但目前并不支持formula即公式;网上流传的支持2007是错误的说法

    使用它还需要注意的是,它与Office PIA一样,索引号是从1开始的。

    另外不得不说的是,它的构造函数、Save方法、属性中的FileName让人看的眼花瞭乱,无所适从呐-_-。

    主要使用的类型都位于org.in2bits.MyXls空间下,主要测试代码如下:

    View Code
    MemoryStream CreateByMyXls(DataTable table)
    {
        XlsDocument doc = new XlsDocument();
        Worksheet sheet = doc.Workbook.Worksheets.Add("Sheet1");
        int colCount = table.Columns.Count;
        for (int i = 1; i <= colCount; i++)
        {
            sheet.Cells.Add(1, i, table.Columns[i - 1].Caption);
        }
    
        int k = 2;
        foreach (DataRow row in table.Rows)
        {
            for (int i = 1; i <= colCount; i++)
            {
                sheet.Cells.Add(k, i, row[i - 1]);
            }
            k++;
        }
        MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream();
        doc.Save(ms);
        return ms;
    }
    
    DataTable ReadByMyXls(Stream xlsStream)
    {
        XlsDocument doc = new XlsDocument(xlsStream);
        DataTable table = new DataTable();
        Worksheet sheet = doc.Workbook.Worksheets[0];
        int colCount = sheet.Rows[1].CellCount;
        int rowCount = sheet.Rows.Count;
    
    
        for (ushort j = 1; j <= colCount; j++)
        {
            table.Columns.Add(new DataColumn(sheet.Rows[1].GetCell(j).Value.ToString()));
        }
    
        for (ushort i = 2; i < rowCount; i++)
        {
            DataRow row = table.NewRow();
            for (ushort j = 1; j <= colCount; j++)
            {
                row[j - 1] = sheet.Rows[i].GetCell(j).Value;
            }
            table.Rows.Add(row);
        }
    
        return table;
    }

    Koogra

    Koogra支持Office 97-2003(Biff8)以及Office 2007以上(Xlsx)格式,但它仅提供读取功能,没有相关的创建Excel功能;另需要注意它的索引号又是从0开始的。

    我在几台机器上测试不太稳定,即有的机器直接不能运行,没有深究什么问题。

    操作xls格式的类型主要位于Net.SourceForge.Koogra.Excel空间,主要测试代码如下:

    View Code
    public static DataTable ReadByKoogra(Stream xlsStream)
    {
        DataTable table = new DataTable();
        Workbook book = new Workbook(xlsStream);
        Worksheet sheet = book.Sheets[0];
    
        Row headerRow = sheet.Rows[0];
        uint colCount = headerRow.Cells.MaxCol;
        uint rowCount = sheet.Rows.MaxRow;
        Row tempr = null;
        Cell tempc = null;
    
        for (ushort j = 0; j <= colCount; j++)
        {
            tempc = headerRow.Cells[j];
            if (tempc != null)
                table.Columns.Add(new DataColumn((tempc.Value ?? string.Empty).ToString()));
        }
    
        for (ushort i = 0; i <= rowCount; i++)
        {
            DataRow row = table.NewRow();
            tempr = sheet.Rows[i];
    
            for (ushort j = 0; j <= colCount; j++)
            {
                tempc = tempr.Cells[j];
                if (tempc != null)
                    row[j] = tempc.Value;
            }
            table.Rows.Add(row);
        }
    
        return table;
    }

    操作XLSX格式的类型主要位于Net.SourceForge.Koogra.Excel2007空间,主要测试代码如下:

    View Code
    public static DataTable ReadByKoogra(Stream xlsStream)
    {
        DataTable table = new DataTable();
        Workbook book = new Workbook(xlsStream);
        Worksheet sheet = book.GetWorksheet(0);
    
        Row headerRow = sheet.GetRow(0);
        uint colCount = sheet.CellMap.LastCol;
        uint rowCount = sheet.CellMap.LastRow;
        Row tempr = null;
        ICell tempc = null;
    
        for (ushort j = 0; j <= colCount; j++)
        {
            tempc = headerRow.GetCell(j);
            if (tempc != null)
                table.Columns.Add(new DataColumn((tempc.Value ?? string.Empty).ToString()));
        }
    
        for (ushort i = 0; i <= rowCount; i++)
        {
            DataRow row = table.NewRow();
            tempr = sheet.GetRow(i);
    
            for (ushort j = 0; j <= colCount; j++)
            {
                tempc = tempr.GetCell(j);
                if (tempc != null)
                    row[j] = tempc.Value;
            }
            table.Rows.Add(row);
        }
    
        return table;
    }

    ExcelLibrary

    听说这是国人开发的,目前支持97-2003(biff8)格式,未来可能会支持xlsx格式。它使用二维数组的方式来操作,这种方式比较接近Office PIA,另外,它的索引号是从0开始的。

    在测试时,创建出的Excel有时内容是空的,可能存在bug。

    它提供了一个DataSetHelper的工具类,用于从DataTable/DataSet和WorkBook之间的转换,但这个工具类不支持对流的操作,所以还是自己写测试代码(ExcelLibrary空间):

    View Code
    MemoryStream CreateByExcelLibrary(DataTable table)
    {
        Workbook book = new Workbook();
        Worksheet sheet = new Worksheet("Sheet123");
        
        int colCount = table.Columns.Count;
        for (int i = 0; i < colCount; i++)
        {
            sheet.Cells[0, i] = new Cell(table.Columns[i].Caption);
        }
    
        int k = 1;
        foreach (DataRow row in table.Rows)
        {
            for (int i = 0; i < colCount; i++)
            {
                sheet.Cells[k, i] = new Cell(row[i]);
            }
            k++;
        }
        book.Worksheets.Add(sheet);
        MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream();
        book.Save(ms);
        return ms;
    }
    
    DataTable ReadByExcelLibrary(Stream xlsStream)
    {
        DataTable table = new DataTable();
        Workbook book = Workbook.Load(xlsStream);
        Worksheet sheet = book.Worksheets[0];
    
        int colCount = sheet.Cells.LastColIndex;
        int rowCount = sheet.Cells.LastRowIndex;
    
        for (ushort j = 0; j <= colCount; j++)
        {
            table.Columns.Add(new DataColumn(sheet.Cells[0, j].StringValue));
        }
    
        for (ushort i = 1; i <= rowCount; i++)
        {
            DataRow row = table.NewRow();
            for (ushort j = 0; j <= colCount; j++)
            {
                row[j] = sheet.Cells[i, j].Value;
            }
            table.Rows.Add(row);
        }
    
        return table;
    }

    ExcelPackage与EPPlus

    ExcelPackage它主要支持OOXML即Office Open XML标准,Office 2007以上XLSX格式的读写;但它不支持对流的操作,仅支持对实体文件的操作。

    EPPlus全称应该是ExcelPackage Plus,即ExcelPackage的增强版,它在ExcelPackage的基础上,增强了许多功能包括对流、Linq的支持,可以说相当不错。

    它的索引号是从1开始的,主要使用的类型位于OfficeOpenXml空间,具体测试代码如下:

    View Code
    MemoryStream CreateByExcelLibrary(DataTable table)
    {
        using (ExcelPackage package = new ExcelPackage())
        {
            ExcelWorksheet sheet = package.Workbook.Worksheets.Add("sheet111");
    
            int colCount = table.Columns.Count;
            for (int i = 0; i < colCount; i++)
            {
                sheet.Cells[1, i + 1].Value = table.Columns[i].Caption;
            }
    
            int k = 2;
            foreach (DataRow row in table.Rows)
            {
                for (int i = 0; i < colCount; i++)
                {
                    sheet.Cells[k, i + 1].Value = row[i];
                }
                k++;
            }
    
            MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream();
            package.SaveAs(ms);
            return ms;
        }
    }
    
    DataTable ReadByExcelLibrary(Stream xlsStream)
    {
        DataTable table = new DataTable();
        using (ExcelPackage package = new ExcelPackage(xlsStream))
        {
            ExcelWorksheet sheet = package.Workbook.Worksheets[1];
    
            int colCount = sheet.Dimension.End.Column;
            int rowCount = sheet.Dimension.End.Row;
    
            for (ushort j = 1; j <= colCount; j++)
            {
                table.Columns.Add(new DataColumn(sheet.Cells[1, j].Value.ToString()));
            }
    
            for (ushort i = 2; i <= rowCount; i++)
            {
                DataRow row = table.NewRow();
                for (ushort j = 1; j <= colCount; j++)
                {
                    row[j - 1] = sheet.Cells[i, j].Value;
                }
                table.Rows.Add(row);
            }
        }
    
        return table;
    }

    LinqToExcel,NetOffice…

    至于LinqToExcel,只能说是颗糖而已,不支持对流的操作,实在是无爱啊,不多说。

    NetOffice提供与Office PIA相似的功能,又需要安装Office,实在不适合在web场景中使用,所以也不多说。

    结尾

    对于Excel 97-2003格式,还是用NPOI最好,API设计比较好(上面这些类库又是0又是1的索引号和二维数组实在让人好晕);而对于2007(xlsx)以上版本,可以使用EPPlus;这样基本所有的Excel格式通吃了。

    转自 http://www.cnblogs.com/lwme/archive/2011/11/27/2265323.html

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/BinBinGo/p/2591933.html
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