目录:
1、基本查询
2、多表查询
3、多行查询
4、集合查询
2、连接
3、嵌套查询
1、基本查询
语法:
select column|others{,columnName|others}
from tablename
where condition
[group by 分组的条件
having 分组以后的条件
order by 排序显示 ]
起别名: select columnName [ [as] otherName ] {,columnName [ [as] otherName ] }
from ......
例子:
别名:select employ_id 员工编号, first_name||' '||last_name 姓名, to_char(hire_date,'YY-MM') 雇佣日期
from employee where salary >=10000;
between: ... where salary between NUMBER and NUMBER;
like: ... where first_name like 'Sa%';
upper()/lower(): ... where upper(first_name) like upper('p%');
&窗口录入查询: ... where upper(first_name) like upper('&录入的字段%');
null : .... where memo is [not] null;
nvl(columnName,Num): 如果columnName为非null的值,得到原来的值; 如果为null ,得到 Num;
nvl2(columnName,Num1,Num2): 如果columnName为非null的值,得到Num1, 如果为null ,得到 Num2;
select salary+commision_pct*salary 实际工资 from employee; // 如果commision_pct为null 结果为null
select salary+nvl(commision_pct,0)*salary 实际工资 from employee; //结果正常
substr(str,start_index,length): 取子字符串
decode(variable,case_1,'code_1',case_2,'code_2','default'):对变量variable的各种情况编码,case_1=》'code_1' 等;
select to_date(substr('445281199509192110',7,8),'YYYYMMDD'),
decode(mode(to_number(substr('445281199509192110')),2),0,'女',1,'男') from dual;
注意:Select * from .... 中 * 最好不用,花费代价太大(当数据量巨大时)
2、连接
3、嵌套查询:
4、集合查询