Dubbo是Alibaba开源的分布式服务框架,它最大的特点是按照分层的方式来架构,使用这种方式可以使各个层之间解耦合(或者最大限度地松耦合)。从服务模型的角度来看,Dubbo采用的是一种非常简单的模型,要么是提供方提供服务,要么是消费方消费服务,所以基于这一点可以抽象出服务提供方(Provider)和服务消费方(Consumer)两个角色。
先上一个小例子进行分析:
首先新建2个maven项目来充当消费方,服务方
服务方:
pom.xml文件主要配置内容:
<!-- spring begin -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>4.1.6.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!-- dubbo begin -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
<version>2.5.3</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 注册中心zookeeper begin -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId>
<artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId>
<version>3.3.6</version>
</dependency>
<!-- log begin -->
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
<version>1.1.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>1.2.15</version>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>com.sun.jdmk</groupId>
<artifactId>jmxtools</artifactId>
</exclusion>
<exclusion>
<groupId>com.sun.jmx</groupId>
<artifactId>jmxri</artifactId>
</exclusion>
<exclusion>
<artifactId>jms</artifactId>
<groupId>javax.jms</groupId>
</exclusion>
<exclusion>
<artifactId>mail</artifactId>
<groupId>javax.mail</groupId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<!-- 其他配置begin -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.jboss.netty</groupId>
<artifactId>netty</artifactId>
<version>3.2.0.Final</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.101tec</groupId>
<artifactId>zkclient</artifactId>
<version>0.8</version>
</dependency>
<!-- junit begin -->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>3.8.1</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
配置文件截图如下:
applicationProvider.xml文件内容:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:dubbo="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd ">
<dubbo:application name="server-dubbo-demo" />
<!-- zookeeper注册中心 -->
<!-- <dubbo:registry address="zookeeper://127.0.0.1:2181" /> -->
<!-- 使用multicast广播注册中心暴露服务地址 -->
<dubbo:registry address="multicast://224.5.6.7:1234" />
<dubbo:protocol name="dubbo" port="20880" />
<!-- 和本地bean一样实现服务 -->
<bean id="demoService" class="serviceImp.DemoServiceImp" />
<!-- 向注册中心注册暴漏服务地址,注册服务 -->
<dubbo:service interface="service.DemoService"
ref="demoService" executes="10" />
</beans>
接下来编写我们提供服务的接口service :
public interface DemoService {
String sayHello(String name);
String PrintString();
}
接下来编写我们的实现类serviceImp:
import service.DemoService;
public class DemoServiceImp implements DemoService {
@Override
public String sayHello(String name) {
System.out.println("start....");
return "你好 " + name;
}
@Override
public String PrintString() {
return "Hello World";
}
}
这样就定义好了我们提供的服务,接下来就是启动服务方的服务,进行发布,提供给消费方进行调用
这里本地使用的是junit进行测试:
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
public class ProviderTest {
@Test
public void mainTest() throws Exception {
ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(new String[] { "applicationProvider.xml" });
context.start();
System.out.println("输入任意按键退出 ~ ");
System.in.read();
context.close();
}
}
文件的目录结构如下:
消费方:
pom.xml主要配置文件内容:
<!-- spring begin -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>4.1.6.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!-- spring end -->
<!-- dubbo begin -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
<version>2.5.3</version>
</dependency>
<!-- dubbo end -->
<!-- 注册中心zookeeper begin -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId>
<artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId>
<version>3.3.6</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 注册中心zookeeper end -->
<!-- log begin -->
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>1.2.15</version>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>com.sun.jdmk</groupId>
<artifactId>jmxtools</artifactId>
</exclusion>
<exclusion>
<groupId>com.sun.jmx</groupId>
<artifactId>jmxri</artifactId>
</exclusion>
<exclusion>
<artifactId>jms</artifactId>
<groupId>javax.jms</groupId>
</exclusion>
<exclusion>
<artifactId>mail</artifactId>
<groupId>javax.mail</groupId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<!-- log end -->
<!-- other begin -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.101tec</groupId>
<artifactId>zkclient</artifactId>
<version>0.8</version>
</dependency>
<-- 消费方这里要进行引用服务方服务,所以需要引入服务方工程jar -->
<dependency>
<groupId>test.mvnproject</groupId>
<artifactId>dubboProvider</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
</dependency>
<!-- other end -->
<!-- junit begin -->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>3.8.1</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
pom.xml文件截图如下:
applicationConsumer.xml文件主要配置内容:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:dubbo="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd ">
<dubbo:application name="consumer-dubbo-demo" />
<!-- zookeeper注册中心 -->
<!-- <dubbo:registry address="zookeeper://127.0.0.1:2181" /> -->
<dubbo:registry address="multicast://224.5.6.7:1234" />
<!-- 向注册中心订阅服务 -->
<dubbo:reference id="demoService" interface="service.DemoService" />
</beans>
applicationConsumer.xml配置文件如下
消费方这边我们也编写一个测试类调用服务:
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import service.DemoService;
public class ConsumerTest{
@Test
public void consumerTest() {
ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(new String[] { "applicationConsumer.xml" });
context.start();
//加载服务方的bean
DemoService service = (DemoService) context.getBean("demoService");
//这里调用服务方的服务
System.out.println(service.sayHello("小明"));
System.out.println(service.PrintString());
context.close();
}
}
接下来把我们的demo跑起来,首先发布我们服务方的服务,直接run as ProviderTest,之后启动消费方的测试类进行服务调用: run as consumerTest
结果显示: start.....
你好 小明
Hello World
到此完成一个demo的创建.
备注:这里主要使用的是多播模式实现服务自动注册与发现:主要用于applicationProvider跟applicationConsumer配置文件中进行注册中心配置: <dubbo:registry address="multicast://224.5.6.7:1234" />
这里我们也可以使用 zoookeper作为服务中心,进行服务的发布,注册,订阅 ,使用.
说明一点使用zookeper作为注册中心的话,服务方,消费方 配置文件中需要修改注册中心地址:<!-- <dubbo:registry address="zookeeper://127.0.0.1:2181" /> -->
接下来先在本机上启动zookeper注册中心(直接解压到英文路径下直接运行bin/zkServer.cmd)
启动成功截图如下:
运行服务方服务,线程阻塞成功,运行消费方,输出结果:
你好 小明
Hello World
附上zookeper下载链接:
zookeeper即下即用版:http://download.csdn.net/detail/xingbaozhen1210/9532177
具体参考链接阿里的dubbo官网demo: http://dubbo.io/#tutorial
文章参考链接: http://blog.csdn.net/xingbaozhen1210/article/details/51507974