• 如何把SQLServer数据库从高版本降级到低版本?


    由于目前还广泛使用着SQLServer2000,很多公司又想使用新的SQLServer,从而直接【分离/附加】或者【备份/还原】数据库,在不同版本之间存放。往往就会遇到版本不兼容的问题。前几天遇到了从我本机2008R2上备份的一个数据库还原到2008上面时报错:

    从运行版本10.50.2500(2008R2是10.50)和10.00.1600(2008是10.00)中可以看出这个版本不兼容问题,大部分情况下,从低版本升级到高版本,只要不是跨度太大,如2000升级到2012,都不会怎么报错。除非使用了一些新版本不兼容的特性如*=来实现left join的语句。但是就像上图那样,从高版本还原到低版本的时候,问题就出现了,而且几乎一定会报错。

    下面给出几个小建议,例子是从2008 降级到2005:

    方法一:使用图形化操作(GUI),打开SSMS(SQL Server Management Studio)

    步骤1:右键你要降级的数据库,按下图选择:

    步骤2:在对话框中选择:

      步骤3:在【高级】中选择下图:

    步骤4:把脚本保存起来,然后在SQLServer2005中运行脚本。

    详细步骤可以看:http://bbs.csdn.net/topics/390438560?page=1#post-394316973 中的13楼的回复,有截图

    步骤5:通过【任务】→【导出数据】,把数据从2008导入到使用脚本创建的库上如下图,就完成了:

    方法二:使用系统自带的存储过程实现:sp_dbcmptlevel ——将某些数据库行为设置为与指定的 SQL Server 版本兼容

    下面是其内部实现代码:

    1. SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON 
    2. SET ANSI_NULLS ON 
    3. GO 
    4. createprocedure sys.sp_dbcmptlevel            -- 1997/04/15 
    5.     @dbname sysname = NULL,                 -- database name to change 
    6.     @new_cmptlevel tinyint = NULLOUTPUT    -- the new compatibility level to change to 
    7. as 
    8.     set nocount    on 
    9.   
    10.     declare @exec_stmt nvarchar(max
    11.     declare @returncode int 
    12.     declare @comptlevel float(8) 
    13.     declare @dbid int                   -- dbid of the database 
    14.     declare @dbsid varbinary(85)        -- id of the owner of the database 
    15.     declare @orig_cmptlevel tinyint     -- original compatibility level 
    16.     declare @input_cmptlevel tinyint    -- compatibility level passed in by user 
    17.         ,@cmptlvl80 tinyint             -- compatibility to SQL Server Version 8.0 
    18.         ,@cmptlvl90 tinyint             -- compatibility to SQL Server Version 9.0 
    19.         ,@cmptlvl100 tinyint                -- compatibility to SQL Server Version 10.0 
    20.     select  @cmptlvl80 = 80, 
    21.             @cmptlvl90 = 90, 
    22.             @cmptlvl100 = 100 
    23.   
    24.     -- SP MUST BE CALLED AT ADHOC LEVEL -- 
    25.     if (@@nestlevel > 1) 
    26.     begin 
    27.         raiserror(15432,-1,-1,'sys.sp_dbcmptlevel'
    28.         return (1) 
    29.     end 
    30.   
    31.     -- If no @dbname given, just list the valid compatibility level values. 
    32.     if @dbname isnull 
    33.     begin 
    34.        raiserror (15048, -1, -1, @cmptlvl80, @cmptlvl90, @cmptlvl100) 
    35.        return (0) 
    36.     end 
    37.   
    38.     --  Verify the database name and get info 
    39.     select @dbid = dbid, @dbsid = sid ,@orig_cmptlevel = cmptlevel 
    40.         from master.dbo.sysdatabases 
    41.         wherename = @dbname 
    42.   
    43.     --  If @dbname not found, say so and list the databases. 
    44.     if @dbid isnull 
    45.     begin 
    46.         raiserror(15010,-1,-1,@dbname) 
    47.         print ' ' 
    48.         selectnameas'Available databases:' 
    49.             from master.dbo.sysdatabases 
    50.         return (1) 
    51.     end 
    52.   
    53.     -- Now save the input compatibility level and initialize the return clevel 
    54.     -- to be the current clevel 
    55.     select @input_cmptlevel = @new_cmptlevel 
    56.     select @new_cmptlevel = @orig_cmptlevel 
    57.   
    58.     -- If no clevel was supplied, display and output current level. 
    59.     if @input_cmptlevel isnull 
    60.     begin 
    61.         raiserror(15054, -1, -1, @orig_cmptlevel) 
    62.         return(0) 
    63.     end 
    64.   
    65.     -- If invalid clevel given, print usage and return error code 
    66.     -- 'usage: sp_dbcmptlevel [dbname [, compatibilitylevel]]' 
    67.     if @input_cmptlevel notin (@cmptlvl80, @cmptlvl90, @cmptlvl100) 
    68.     begin 
    69.         raiserror(15416, -1, -1) 
    70.         print ' ' 
    71.         raiserror (15048, -1, -1, @cmptlvl80, @cmptlvl90, @cmptlvl100) 
    72.         return (1) 
    73.     end 
    74.   
    75.     --  Only the SA or the dbo of @dbname can execute the update part 
    76.     --  of this procedure sys.so check. 
    77.     if (not (is_srvrolemember('sysadmin') = 1)) and suser_sid() <> @dbsid 
    78.         -- ALSO ALLOW db_owner ONLY IF DB REQUESTED IS CURRENT DB 
    79.         and (@dbid <> db_id() or is_member('db_owner') <> 1) 
    80.     begin 
    81.         raiserror(15418,-1,-1) 
    82.         return (1) 
    83.     end 
    84.   
    85.     -- If we're in a transaction, disallow this since it might make recovery impossible. 
    86.     set implicit_transactions off 
    87.     if @@trancount > 0 
    88.     begin 
    89.         raiserror(15002,-1,-1,'sys.sp_dbcmptlevel'
    90.         return (1) 
    91.     end 
    92.   
    93.     set @exec_stmt = 'ALTER DATABASE ' + quotename(@dbname, '[') + ' SET COMPATIBILITY_LEVEL = ' + cast(@input_cmptlevel as nvarchar(128)) 
    94.   
    95.     -- Note: database @dbname may not exist anymore 
    96.     exec(@exec_stmt) 
    97.   
    98.     select @new_cmptlevel = @input_cmptlevel 
    99.   
    100.     return (0) -- sp_dbcmptlevel 
    101. GO 
    102.   
    SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON
     SET ANSI_NULLS ON
     GO
     create procedure sys.sp_dbcmptlevel			-- 1997/04/15
     	@dbname sysname = NULL,					-- database name to change
     	@new_cmptlevel tinyint = NULL OUTPUT	-- the new compatibility level to change to
     as
     	set nocount    on
     
     	declare @exec_stmt nvarchar(max)
     	declare @returncode	int
     	declare @comptlevel	float(8)
     	declare @dbid int					-- dbid of the database
     	declare @dbsid varbinary(85)		-- id of the owner of the database
     	declare @orig_cmptlevel tinyint		-- original compatibility level
     	declare @input_cmptlevel tinyint	-- compatibility level passed in by user
     		,@cmptlvl80 tinyint				-- compatibility to SQL Server Version 8.0
     		,@cmptlvl90 tinyint				-- compatibility to SQL Server Version 9.0
     		,@cmptlvl100 tinyint				-- compatibility to SQL Server Version 10.0
     	select  @cmptlvl80 = 80,
     			@cmptlvl90 = 90,
     			@cmptlvl100 = 100
     
     	-- SP MUST BE CALLED AT ADHOC LEVEL --
     	if (@@nestlevel > 1)
     	begin
     		raiserror(15432,-1,-1,'sys.sp_dbcmptlevel')
     		return (1)
     	end
     
     	-- If no @dbname given, just list the valid compatibility level values.
     	if @dbname is null
     	begin
     	   raiserror (15048, -1, -1, @cmptlvl80, @cmptlvl90, @cmptlvl100)
     	   return (0)
     	end
     
     	--  Verify the database name and get info
     	select @dbid = dbid, @dbsid = sid ,@orig_cmptlevel = cmptlevel
     		from master.dbo.sysdatabases
     		where name = @dbname
     
     	--  If @dbname not found, say so and list the databases.
     	if @dbid is null
     	begin
     		raiserror(15010,-1,-1,@dbname)
     		print ' '
     		select name as 'Available databases:'
     			from master.dbo.sysdatabases
     		return (1)
     	end
     
     	-- Now save the input compatibility level and initialize the return clevel
     	-- to be the current clevel
     	select @input_cmptlevel = @new_cmptlevel
     	select @new_cmptlevel = @orig_cmptlevel
     
     	-- If no clevel was supplied, display and output current level.
     	if @input_cmptlevel is null
     	begin
     		raiserror(15054, -1, -1, @orig_cmptlevel)
     		return(0)
     	end
     
     	-- If invalid clevel given, print usage and return error code
     	-- 'usage: sp_dbcmptlevel [dbname [, compatibilitylevel]]'
     	if @input_cmptlevel not in (@cmptlvl80, @cmptlvl90, @cmptlvl100)
     	begin
     		raiserror(15416, -1, -1)
     		print ' '
     		raiserror (15048, -1, -1, @cmptlvl80, @cmptlvl90, @cmptlvl100)
     		return (1)
     	end
     
     	--  Only the SA or the dbo of @dbname can execute the update part
     	--  of this procedure sys.so check.
     	if (not (is_srvrolemember('sysadmin') = 1)) and suser_sid() <> @dbsid
     		-- ALSO ALLOW db_owner ONLY IF DB REQUESTED IS CURRENT DB
     		and (@dbid <> db_id() or is_member('db_owner') <> 1)
     	begin
     		raiserror(15418,-1,-1)
     		return (1)
     	end
     
     	-- If we're in a transaction, disallow this since it might make recovery impossible.
     	set implicit_transactions off
     	if @@trancount > 0
     	begin
     		raiserror(15002,-1,-1,'sys.sp_dbcmptlevel')
     		return (1)
     	end
     
     	set @exec_stmt = 'ALTER DATABASE ' + quotename(@dbname, '[') + ' SET COMPATIBILITY_LEVEL = ' + cast(@input_cmptlevel as nvarchar(128))
     
     	-- Note: database @dbname may not exist anymore
     	exec(@exec_stmt)
     
     	select @new_cmptlevel = @input_cmptlevel
     
     	return (0) -- sp_dbcmptlevel
     GO
     

    语法

    1. sp_dbcmptlevel [ [ @dbname = ] name ]  
    2.      [ , [ @new_cmptlevel = ] version ] 
    3.   
    sp_dbcmptlevel [ [ @dbname = ] name ] 
         [ , [ @new_cmptlevel = ] version ]
     
     

    参数

     
    [ @dbname = ] name

    要为其更改兼容级别的数据库的名称。数据库名称必须符合标识符的规则。name 的数据类型为 sysname,默认值为 NULL。

    [ @new_cmptlevel = ] version

    数据库要与之兼容的 SQL Server 的版本。version 的数据类型为 tinyint,默认值为 NULL。该值必须为下列值之一:

    80 = SQL Server 2000

    90 = SQL Server 2005

    100 = SQL Server 2008

    返回代码值

    0(成功)或 1(失败)

    注意事项:

    后续版本的 Microsoft SQL Server 将删除该功能。请不要在新的开发工作中使用该功能,并尽快修改当前还在使用该功能的应用程序。 改为使用 ALTER DATABASE 兼容级别。
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/AndyGe/p/3060833.html
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