线程间的通信

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1.举个栗子：消费者和生产者

代码实现如下：

 

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共享资源类：

package producer_Consumer;

/**
 * @param name    存储的姓名
 * @param gender  存储的性别
 * @param isEmpty 表示共享资源对象是否为空
 * @author 王彪
 *
 */
public class ShareResources {
    private String name;
    private String gender;
    private boolean isEmpty = true;

    // 生产者向共享资源对象中存储数据
    synchronized public void push(String name, String gender) {
        try {
            // 共享资源对象不为空时 生产者线程等待
            while (!isEmpty) {
                this.wait();
            }

            this.name = name;
            Thread.sleep(10);
            this.gender = gender;
            isEmpty = false;
            this.notify();
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    // 消费者从共享资源对象中取出数据
    synchronized public void popup() {
        try {
            //当前isEmpty为true的时候，为空，等着消费者来生产。
            while(isEmpty) {
                //使用同步锁对象来调用，表示当前线程释放同步锁，进入等待池，只能被其他线程所唤醒。
                this.wait();
            }
            Thread.sleep(10);
            System.out.println(this.name + "-" + this.gender);
            isEmpty = true;
            this.notify();
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

消费者类：

package producer_Consumer;

public class Consumer implements Runnable {
    private ShareResources resource = null;

    public Consumer(ShareResources resource) {
        this.resource = resource;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        for (int i = 0; i < 50; i++) {
             resource.popup();
        }
    }

}

生产者类：

package producer_Consumer_ByLock;

public class Producer implements Runnable{
    ShareResources resources = null;
    public Producer(ShareResources resources) {
        this.resources = resources;
    }
    @Override
    public void run() {
        for(int i = 0; i < 50; i++) {
            if(i % 2 == 0) {
                resources.push("李白", "男");
            }else {
                resources.push("王昭君", "女");
            }
        }
    }
}

测试类：

package producer_Consumer_ByLock;

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ShareResources resources = new ShareResources();
        new Thread(new Consumer(resources)).start();
        new Thread(new Producer(resources)).start();
    }
}

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2.使用了Lock和Condition接口：

package producer_Consumer_ByLock;

import java.util.concurrent.locks.Condition;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;

public class ShareResources {
    private String name;
    private String gender;
    private boolean isEmpty = true;
    private final Lock lock = new ReentrantLock();
    private Condition condition = lock.newCondition();
    public void push(String name, String gender) {
        lock.lock();
        try {
            while(!isEmpty) {
                condition.await();
            }
            this.name = name;
            Thread.sleep(10);
            this.gender = gender;
            condition.signal();
            isEmpty = false;
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }finally {
            lock.unlock();
        }
    }

    public void popup() {
        lock.lock();
        try {
            while(isEmpty) {
                condition.await();
                Thread.sleep(10);
                System.out.println(this.name + "-" + this.gender);
                condition.signal();
                isEmpty = true;
            }
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }finally {
            lock.unlock();
        }
    }
}

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3.关于死锁

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 4.线程的生命周期：

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5. 线程控制操作：

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6.定时器和线程组：