• Python处理Excel表格


    对于操作Excel,需要Xlrd/xlwt这两个模块,下面推荐出系统性学习的网址:

    python操作Excel读写--使用xlrd

    官方文档

    Python 使用 Xlrd/xlwt 操作 Excel

    用Python读写Excel文件

    1 Windows下先下载 xlwt 和xlrd

    2. 解压xlrd-0.9.2.tar.gz至指定文件夹

    3. 在CMD控制台下切换至上述指定文件夹路径,输入命令 python setup.py install 完成安装

    Linux下安装同安装python 或者用pip安装pip install xlwt

    二、实战

    帮朋友处理一个excel,幸好数据量不大,几万条数据。需求如下:

    指定选取三列然后挑选出同时满足>=1或者同时<=-1的 将其所有数据存入新的csv表格中

    程序如下:

    #!/usr/bin/env python

    # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

    # @Date    : 2014-04-10 21:47:56

    # @Function: 指定选取三列然后挑选出同时满足>=1或者同时<=-1的 将其所有数据存入新的csv表格中

    # @Author  : BeginMan

    import os

    import string

    import xlrd

    import xlwt

    def get_data():

            """获取excel数据源"""

            file = r'C:UsersAdministratorDesktoppytoolxlrdinitial_log_data.xls'                   # 改成自己的路径

            filepath = raw_input(u'请将xls文件路径粘贴进去,如果程序里已经指定了文件则按Enter键继续:')

            is_valid = False                      # 验证文件

            try:

                   filepath = [file, filepath][filepath != '']

                   print filepath

                   # 判断给出的路径是不是xls格式

                   if os.path.isfile(filepath):

                           filename = os.path.basename(filepath)

                           if filename.split('.')[1] == 'xls':

                                   is_valid = True

                   data = None

                   if is_valid:

                           data = xlrd.open_workbook(filepath)

            except Exception, e:

                   print u'你操作错误:%s' %e

                   return None

            return data

    def handle_data():

            """处理数据"""

            data = get_data()

            if data:

                   col_format = ['B', 'C', 'D']          # 指定的列

                   inp = raw_input(u'请选择指定的三列,用逗号分隔,默认的是B,C,D(英文逗号,不区分大小写),如果选择默认则按Enter键继续: ')

                   try:

                           inp = inp.split(',')

                           col_format = [col_format,inp][len([i for i in inp if i in string.letters]) == 3]

                           col_format = [i.upper() for i in col_format]                                 # 转换成大写

                           table = data.sheet_by_index(0)                                                        # 选取第一个工作区

                           nrows = table.nrows                                                                                   # 行数

                           ncols = table.ncols                                                                                   # 列数

                           str_upcase = [i for i in string.uppercase]                                     # 所有大写字母

                           i_upcase = range(len(str_upcase))                                                     # 对应的数字

                           ncols_dir = dict(zip(str_upcase,i_upcase))                                     # 格式成字典

                           col_index = [ncols_dir.get(i) for i in col_format]                           # 获取指定列所对应的索引

                           # 选取的三列是否同时满足 >=1或者同时<=-1

                           print u'正在检索中……'

                           count = 0

                           result = []

                           for i in xrange(nrows):

                                   cell_0 = table.cell(i,col_index[0]).value

                                   cell_1 = table.cell(i,col_index[1]).value

                                   cell_2 = table.cell(i,col_index[2]).value

                                   if (cell_0>=1 and cell_1>=1 and cell_2>=1) or (cell_0<=-1 and cell_1<=-1 and cell_2<=-1):

                                           result.append(table.row_values(i))            # 将符合要求的一行添加进去

                                          count += 1

                           print u'该文件中共%s行,%s列,其中满足条件的共有%s条数据' %(nrows, ncols, count)

                           print u'正在写入数据……'

                           col_name = col_format[0]+col_format[1]+col_format[2]

                           if write_data(result, col_name):

                                   print u'写入成功!'

                   except Exception, e:

                           print u'你操作错误:%s' %e

                           return None

            else:

                   print u'操作失败'

                   return None

    def write_data(data, name):

            """写入数据,data为符合条件的数据列表,name表示指定的哪三个列,以此命名"""

            file = xlwt.Workbook()

            table = file.add_sheet(name,cell_overwrite_ok=True)

            l = 0   # 表示行

            for line in data:

                   c = 0   # 表示一行下的列数

                   for col in line:

                           table.write(l,c,line[c])

                           c += 1

                   l += 1        

            defatul_f = r'C:UsersAdministratorDesktoppytoolxlrd'            # 默认路径

            f = raw_input(u'请选择保存文件的路径:按回车跳过:')

            f_name = r'\%s.xls' % name

            filepath = [defatul_f+f_name, f+f_name][f != '']

            file.save(filepath)

            return True

    def main():

            handle_data()

    if __name__ == '__main__':

            main()

    运行结果如下:

    源数据

    处理后的数据

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/AmilyWilly/p/5103467.html
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