• 一些垃圾堆收集出来的,未来可能要用的MiME类型


    [1]常见的MIME类型(通用型):
    超文本标记语言文本 .html text/html
    xml文档 .xml text/xml
    XHTML文档 .xhtml application/xhtml+xml
    普通文本 .txt text/plain
    RTF文本 .rtf application/rtf
    PDF文档 .pdf application/pdf
    Microsoft Word文件 .word application/msword
    PNG图像 .png image/png
    GIF图形 .gif image/gif
    JPEG图形 .jpeg,.jpg image/jpeg
    au声音文件 .au audio/basic
    MIDI音乐文件 mid,.midi audio/midi,audio/x-midi
    RealAudio音乐文件 .ra, .ram audio/x-pn-realaudio
    MPEG文件 .mpg,.mpeg video/mpeg
    AVI文件 .avi video/x-msvideo
    GZIP文件 .gz application/x-gzip
    TAR文件 .tar application/x-tar
    任意的二进制数据 application/octet-stream
    用于WAP服务器的MIME类型有:
    MRP文件(国内普遍的手机)
    .mrp application/octet-stream
    IPA文件(IPHONE)
    .ipa application/iphone-package-archive
     
    .deb application/x-debian-package-archive
    APK文件(安卓系统)
    .apk application/vnd.android.package-archive
    CAB文件(Windows Mobile)
    .cab application/vnd.cab-com-archive
    XAP文件(Windows Phone 7)
    .xap application/x-silverlight-app
    SIS文件(symbian平台/S60V1)
    .sis application/vnd.symbian.install-archive *(下有)
    SISX文件(symbian平台/S60V3/V5)
    .sisx application/vnd.symbian.epoc/x-sisx-app
    JAR、JAD文件(JAVA平台手机通用格式)
    .jar .jad下面有
    Internet中有一个专门组织IANA来确认标准的MIME类型,但Internet发展的太快,很多应用程序等不及IANA来确认他们使用的MIME类型为标准类型。因此他们使用在类别中以x-开头的方法标识这个类别还没有成为标准,例如:x-gzip,x-tar等。事实上这些类型运用的很广泛,已经成为了事实标准。只要客户机和服务器共同承认这个MIME类型,即使它是不标准的类型也没有关系,客户程序就能根据MIME类型,采用具体的处理手段来处理数据。而Web服务器浏览器(包括操作系统)中,缺省都设置了标准的和常见的MIME类型,只有对于不常见的 MIME类型,才需要同时设置服务器和客户浏览器,以进行识别。
    由于MIME类型与文档的后缀相关,因此服务器使用文档的后缀来区分不同文件的MIME类型,服务器中必须定义文档后缀和MIME类型之间的对应关系。而客户程序从服务器上接收数据的时候,它只是从服务器接受数据流,并不了解文档的名字,因此服务器必须使用附加信息来告诉客户程序数据的MIME类型。服务器在发送真正的数据之前,就要先发送标志数据的MIME类型的信息,这个信息使用Content-type关键字进行定义,例如对于HTML文档,服务器将首先发送以下两行MIME标识信息,这个标识并不是真正的数据文件的一部分。
    Content-type: text/html
    注意,第二行为一个空行,这是必须的,使用这个空行的目的是将MIME信息与真正的数据内容分隔开。
    MIME利用了一个事实就是,RFC 822在消息体的内容中做了一点限制:唯一的限制就是只能使用简单的ASCII文本。所以,MIME信息由正常的Internet文本邮件组成,文本邮件拥有一些特别的符合RFC 822的信息头和格式化过的信息体(用ASCII 的子集来表示的附件)。这些MIME头给出了一种在邮件中表示附件的特别的方法。
    MIME信息的剖析
    一个普通的文本邮件的信息包含一个头部分(To: From: Subject: 等等)和一个体部分(Hello Mr.,等等)。在一个符合MIME的信息中,也包含一个信息头并不奇怪,邮件的各个部分叫做MIME段,每段前也缀以一个特别的头。MIME邮件只是基于RFC 822邮件的一个扩展,然而它有着自己的RFC规范集。
    头字段
    MIME头根据在邮件包中的位置,大体上分为MIME信息头和MIME段头。(译者:MIME信息头指整个邮件的头,而MIME段头只每个MIME段的头。)
    MIME信息头有:
    MIME-Version:
    这个头提供了所用MIME的版本号。这个值习惯上为1.0。
    Content-Type:
    它定义了数据的类型,以便数据能被适当的处理。有效的类型有:text,image,audio,video, applications,multipart和message。注意任何一个二进制附件都应该被叫做application/octet- stream。这个头的一些用例为:image/jpg, application/mswork,multipart/mixed,这只是很少的一部分。
    Content-Transfer-Encoding:
    这是所有头中最重要的一个,因为它说明了对数据所执行的编码方式,客
    户/MUA 将用它对附件进行解码。对于每个附件,可以使用7bit,8bit,
    binary ,quoted-printable,base64和custom中的一种编码方式。7bit编码是用在US ASCII字符集上的常用的一种编码方式,也就是,保持它的原样。8bit和binary编码一般不用。对人类可读的标准文本,如果传输要经过对格式有影响的网关时对其进行保护,可以使用quoted printable 。Base64是一种通用方法,在需要决定使用哪一种编码方法时,它提供了一个不用费脑子的选择;它通常用在二进制,非文本数据上。注意,任何非7bit 数据必须用一种模式编码,这样它就可以通过Internet邮件网关
    Content-ID:
    如果Content-Type是message/external-body或multipart/alternative时,这个头就有用了,它超出了本文的范围。
    Content-Description:
    这是一个可选的头。它是任何信息段内容的自由文本描述。描述必须使用us-ascii码。
    Content-Disposition:
    一个试验性的头,它用于给客户程序/MUA提供提示,来决定是否在行内显示附件或作为单独的附件。
    MIME段头(出现在实际的MIME附件部分的头),除了MIME-Version头,可以拥有以上任何头字段。如果一个MIME头是信息块的一部分,它将作用于整个信息体。例如,如果Content-Transfer-Encoding显示在信息(指整个信息)头中,它应用于整个信息体,但是如果它显示在一个MIME段里,它"只能"用于那个段中。
    注意:其可以对自动对收到的邮件进行解密。

    编辑本段类型大全

    格式前面为后辍名,后面为对应的MIME型(例如:rar application/x-rar-compressed 表示.RAR对应的是application/x-rar-compressed )
    application/vnd.lotus-1-2-3
    3gp video/3gpp
    aab application/x-authoware-bin
    aam application/x-authoware-map
    aas application/x-authoware-seg
    ai application/postscript
    aif audio/x-aiff
    aifc audio/x-aiff
    aiff audio/x-aiff
    als audio/X-Alpha5
    amc application/x-mpeg
    ani application/octet-stream
    asc text/plain
    asd application/astound
    asf video/x-ms-asf
    asn application/astound
    asp application/x-asap
    asx video/x-ms-asf
    au audio/basic
    avb application/octet-stream
    avi video/x-msvideo
    awb audio/amr-wb
    bcpio application/x-bcpio
    bin application/octet-stream
    bld application/bld
    bld2 application/bld2
    bmp application/x-MS-bmp
    bpk application/octet-stream
    bz2 application/x-bzip2
    cal image/x-cals
    ccn application/x-cnc
    cco application/x-cocoa
    cdf application/x-netcdf
    cgi magnus-internal/cgi
    chat application/x-chat
    class application/octet-stream
    clp application/x-msclip
    cmx application/x-cmx
    co application/x-cult3d-object
    cod image/cis-cod
    cpio application/x-cpio
    cpt application/mac-compactpro
    crd application/x-mscardfile
    csh application/x-csh
    csm chemical/x-csml
    csml chemical/x-csml
    css text/css
    cur application/octet-stream
    dcm x-lml/x-evm
    dcr application/x-director
    dcx image/x-dcx
    dhtml text/html
    dir application/x-director
    dll application/octet-stream
    dmg application/octet-stream
    dms application/octet-stream
    doc application/msword
    dot application/x-dot
    dvi application/x-dvi
    dwfdrawing/x-dwf
    dwg application/x-autocad
    dxf application/x-autocad
    dxr application/x-director
    ebk application/x-expandedbook
    emb chemical/x-embl-dl-nucleotide
    embl chemical/x-embl-dl-nucleotide
    eps application/postscript
    epub application/epub+zip
    eri image/x-eri
    es audio/echospeech
    esl audio/echospeech
    etc application/x-earthtime
    etxtext/x-setext
    evm x-lml/x-evm
    evy application/x-envoy
    exe application/octet-stream
    fh4 image/x-freehand
    fh5 image/x-freehand
    fhc image/x-freehand
    fif image/fif
    flv flv-application/octet-stream
    fm application/x-maker
    fpx image/x-fpx
    fvi video/isivideo
    gau chemical/x-gaussian-input
    gca application/x-gca-compressed
    gdb x-lml/x-gdb
    gif image/gif
    gps application/x-gps
    gtar application/x-gtar
    gz application/x-gzip
    hdf application/x-hdf
    hdm text/x-hdml
    hdml text/x-hdml
    hlp application/winhlp
    hqxapplication/mac-binhex40
    htm text/html
    html text/html
    hts text/html
    ice x-conference/x-cooltalk
    ico application/octet-stream
    ief image/ief
    ifm image/gif
    ifs image/ifs
    imy audio/melody
    ins application/x-NET-Install
    ips application/x-ipscript
    ipx application/x-ipix
    it audio/x-mod
    itz audio/x-mod
    ivr i-world/i-vrml
    j2k image/j2k
    jad text/vnd.sun.j2me.app-descriptor
    jam application/x-jam
    jar application/java-archive
    jnlp application/x-java-jnlp-file
    jpe image/jpeg
    jpeg image/jpeg
    jpg image/jpeg
    jpz image/jpeg
    js application/x-javascript
    jwc application/jwc
    kjx application/x-kjx
    lak x-lml/x-lak
    latex application/x-latex
    lcc application/fastman
    lcl application/x-digitalloca
    lcr application/x-digitalloca
    lgh application/lgh
    lha application/octet-stream
    lml x-lml/x-lml
    lmlpack x-lml/x-lmlpack
    lsf video/x-ms-asf
    lsx video/x-ms-asf
    lzh application/x-lzh
    m13 application/x-msmediaview
    m14 application/x-msmediaview
    m15 audio/x-mod
    m3u audio/x-mpegurl
    m3url audio/x-mpegurl
    ma1 audio/ma1
    ma2 audio/ma2
    ma3 audio/ma3
    ma5 audio/ma5
    man application/x-troff-man
    map magnus-internal/imagemap
    mbd application/mbedlet
    mct application/x-mascot
    mdb application/msaccess
    mdz audio/x-mod
    me application/x-troff-me
    mel text/x-vmel
    mi application/x-mif
    mid audio/midi
    midi audio/midi
    mif application/x-mif
    mil image/x-cals
    mio audio/x-mio
    mmf application/x-skt-lbs
    mng video/x-mng
    mny application/x-msmoney
    moc application/x-mocha
    mocha application/x-mocha
    mod audio/x-mod
    mof application/x-yumekara
    mol chemical/x-mdl-molfile
    mop chemical/x-mopac-input
    mov video/quicktime
    movie video/x-sgi-movie
    mp2 audio/x-mpeg
    mp3 audio/x-mpeg
    mp4 video/mp4
    mpc application/vnd.mpohun.certificate
    mpe video/mpeg
    mpeg video/mpeg
    mpg video/mpeg
    mpg4 video/mp4
    mpga audio/mpeg
    mpn application/vnd.mophun.application
    mpp application/vnd.ms-project
    mps application/x-mapserver
    mrl text/x-mrml
    mrm application/x-mrm
    ms application/x-troff-ms
    mts application/metastream
    mtx application/metastream
    mtz application/metastream
    mzv application/metastream
    nar application/zip
    nbmp image/nbmp
    nc application/x-netcdf
    ndb x-lml/x-ndb
    ndwn application/ndwn
    nif application/x-nif
    nmz application/x-scream
    nokia-op-logo image/vnd.nok-oplogo-color
    npx application/x-netfpx
    nsnd audio/nsnd
    nva application/x-neva1
    oda application/oda
    oom application/x-AtlasMate-Plugin
    pac audio/x-pac
    pae audio/x-epac
    pan application/x-pan
    pbm image/x-portable-bitmap
    pcx image/x-pcx
    pda image/x-pda
    pdb chemical/x-pdb
    pdf application/pdf
    pfr application/font-tdpfr
    pgm image/x-portable-graymap
    pict image/x-pict
    pm application/x-perl
    pmd application/x-pmd
    png image/png
    pnm image/x-portable-anymap
    pnz image/png
    pot application/vnd.ms-powerpoint
    ppm image/x-portable-pixmap
    pps application/vnd.ms-powerpoint
    ppt application/vnd.ms-powerpoint
    pqf application/x-cprplayer
    pqi application/cprplayer
    prc application/x-prc
    proxy application/x-ns-proxy-autoconfig
    ps application/postscript
    ptlk application/listenup
    pub application/x-mspublisher
    pvx video/x-pv-pvx
    qcp audio/vnd.qcelp
    qt video/quicktime
    qti image/x-quicktime
    qtif image/x-quicktime
    r3t text/vnd.rn-realtext3d
    ra audio/x-pn-realaudio
    ram audio/x-pn-realaudio
    rar application/octet-stream
    ras image/x-cmu-raster
    rdf application/rdf+xml
    rf image/vnd.rn-realflash
    rgb image/x-rgb
    rlf application/x-richlink
    rm audio/x-pn-realaudio
    rmf audio/x-rmf
    rmm audio/x-pn-realaudio
    rmvb audio/x-pn-realaudio
    rnx application/vnd.rn-realplayer
    roff application/x-troff
    rp image/vnd.rn-realpix
    rpm audio/x-pn-realaudio-plugin
    rt text/vnd.rn-realtext
    rte x-lml/x-gps
    rtf application/rtf
    rtg application/metastream
    rtx text/richtext
    rv video/vnd.rn-realvideo
    rwc application/x-rogerwilco
    s3m audio/x-mod
    s3z audio/x-mod
    sca application/x-supercard
    scd application/x-msschedule
    sdf application/e-score
    sea application/x-stuffit
    sgmtext/x-sgml
    sgml text/x-sgml
    sh application/x-sh
    shar application/x-shar
    shtml magnus-internal/parsed-html
    shw application/presentations
    si6 image/si6
    si7 image/vnd.stiwap.sis
    si9 image/vnd.lgtwap.sis
    sis application/vnd.symbian.install
    sit application/x-stuffit
    skd application/x-Koan
    skm application/x-Koan
    skp application/x-Koan
    skt application/x-Koan
    slc application/x-salsa
    smd audio/x-smd
    smi application/smil
    smil application/smil
    smp application/studiom
    smz audio/x-smd
    snd audio/basic
    spc text/x-speech
    spl application/futuresplash
    spr application/x-sprite
    sprite application/x-sprite
    sdp application/sdp
    spt application/x-spt
    src application/x-wais-source
    stk application/hyperstudio
    stm audio/x-mod
    sv4cpio application/x-sv4cpio
    sv4crc application/x-sv4crc
    svf image/vnd
    svg image/svg-xml
    svh image/svh
    svr x-world/x-svr
    swf application/x-shockwave-flash
    swfl application/x-shockwave-flash
    t application/x-troff
    tad application/octet-stream
    talk text/x-speech
    tar application/x-tar
    taz application/x-tar
    tbp application/x-timbuktu
    tbt application/x-timbuktu
    tcl application/x-tcl
    tex application/x-tex
    texi application/x-texinfo
    texinfo application/x-texinfo
    tgz application/x-tar
    thmapplication/vnd.eri.thm
    tif image/tiff
    tiff image/tiff
    tki application/x-tkined
    tkined application/x-tkined
    toc application/toc
    toy image/toy
    tr application/x-troff
    trk x-lml/x-gps
    trm application/x-msterminal
    tsi audio/tsplayer
    tsp application/dsptype
    tsv text/tab-separated-values
    ttf application/octet-stream
    ttz application/t-time
    txt text/plain
    ult audio/x-mod
    ustar application/x-ustar
    uu application/x-uuencode
    uue application/x-uuencode
    vcd application/x-cdlink
    vcf text/x-vcard
    vdo video/vdo
    vib audio/vib
    viv video/vivo
    vivo video/vivo
    vmd application/vocaltec-media-desc
    vmf application/vocaltec-media-file
    vmi application/x-dreamcast-vms-info
    vms application/x-dreamcast-vms
    vox audio/voxware
    vqe audio/x-twinvq-plugin
    vqf audio/x-twinvq
    vql audio/x-twinvq
    vre x-world/x-vream
    vrml x-world/x-vrml
    vrt x-world/x-vrt
    vrw x-world/x-vream
    vts workbook/formulaone
    wav audio/x-wav
    wax audio/x-ms-wax
    wbmp image/vnd.wap.wbmp
    web application/vnd.xara
    wi image/wavelet
    wis application/x-InstallShield
    wm video/x-ms-wm
    wma audio/x-ms-wma
    wmd application/x-ms-wmd
    wmf application/x-msmetafile
    wml text/vnd.wap.wml
    wmlc application/vnd.wap.wmlc
    wmls text/vnd.wap.wmlscript
    wmlsc application/vnd.wap.wmlscriptc
    wmlscript text/vnd.wap.wmlscript
    wmv video/x-ms-wmv
    wmx video/x-ms-wmx
    wmz application/x-ms-wmz
    wpng image/x-up-wpng
    wpt x-lml/x-gps
    wri application/x-mswrite
    wrl x-world/x-vrml
    wrz x-world/x-vrml
    ws text/vnd.wap.wmlscript
    wsc application/vnd.wap.wmlscriptc
    wv video/wavelet
    wvx video/x-ms-wvx
    wxl application/x-wxl
    x-gzipapplication/x-gzip
    xar application/vnd.xara
    xbm image/x-xbitmap
    xdm application/x-xdma
    xdma application/x-xdma
    xdw application/vnd.fujixerox.docuworks
    xht application/xhtml+xml
    xhtm application/xhtml+xml
    xhtml application/xhtml+xml
    xla application/vnd.ms-excel
    xlc application/vnd.ms-excel
    xll application/x-excel
    xlm application/vnd.ms-excel
    xls application/vnd.ms-excel
    xlt application/vnd.ms-excel
    xlw application/vnd.ms-excel
    xm audio/x-mod
    xml text/xml
    xmz audio/x-mod
    xpi application/x-xpinstall
    xpm image/x-xpixmap
    xsit text/xml
    xsl text/xml
    xul text/xul
    xwd image/x-xwindowdump
    xyz chemical/x-pdb
    yz1 application/x-yz1
    z application/x-compress
    zac application/x-zaurus-zac
    zip application/zip

    编辑本段传输编码

    内容传输编码(Content-Transfer-Encoding),这个区域使指定ASCII以外的字符编码方式成为可能。形式如下:
    Content-Transfer-Encoding: [mechanism]
    其中,mechanism的值可以指定为“7bit”,“8bit”,“binary”,“quoted-printable”,“base64”。
    7bit
    7bit这里指的是7位的ASCII编码方式。
    8bit
    8位元ASCII码。
    binary
    quoted-printable
    因为欧洲的一些文字和ASCII字符集中的某些字符有部分相同。如果邮件消息使用的是这些语言的话,于ASCII重叠的那些字符可以原样使用,ASCII字符集中不存在的字符采用形如“=??”的方法编码。这里“??”需要用将字符编码后的16进制数字来指定。采用quoted-printable编码的消息,长度不会变得太长,而且大部分都是ASCII中的字符,即使不通过解码也大致可以读懂消息的内容。
    base64
    base64是一种将二进制的01序列转化成ASCII字符的编码方法。编码后的文本或者二进制消息,就可以运用SMTP等只支持ASCII字符的协议传送了。Base64一般被认为会平均增加33%的报文长度,而且,经过编码的消息对于人类来说是不可读的。
    x-encodingname
    这个值是预留的扩展。
     
     
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/AaronYang/p/3088297.html
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