optparse 模块

optparse模块主要用来为脚本传递命令参数，采用预先定义好的选项来解析命令行参数。

首先需引入optparser模块  => 然后执行初始化 =>实例化一个OptionParser对象(可以带参，也可以不带参数)  =>再为命令行添加选项

官方文档

"""A powerful, extensible, and easy-to-use option parser. By Greg Ward <gward@python.net>

Originally distributed as Optik.

For support, use the optik-users@lists.sourceforge.net mailing list
(http://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/optik-users).

Simple usage example:

   from optparse import OptionParser

   parser = OptionParser()
   parser.add_option("-f", "--file", dest="filename",
                     help="write report to FILE", metavar="FILE")
   parser.add_option("-q", "--quiet",
                     action="store_false", dest="verbose", default=True,
                     help="don't print status messages to stdout")

   (options, args) = parser.parse_args()
"""

完整的例子：

    from optparse import OptionParser  
    [...]  
    def main():  
        usage = "usage: %prog [options] arg"  
        parser = OptionParser(usage)  
        parser.add_option("-f", "--file", dest="filename",  
                          help="read data from FILENAME")  
        parser.add_option("-v", "--verbose",  
                          action="store_true", dest="verbose")  
        parser.add_option("-q", "--quiet",  
                          action="store_false", dest="verbose")  
        [...]  
        (options, args) = parser.parse_args()  
        if len(args) != 1:  
            parser.error("incorrect number of arguments")  
        if options.verbose:  
            print "reading %s..." % options.filename  
        [...]  
      
    if __name__ == "__main__":  
        main()  

[其它参考]

https://www.cnblogs.com/captain_jack/archive/2011/01/11/1933366.html