[1]Python 环境下比较简单，调用platform 模块即可
[2]没有Python 情况下，可以用ver 命令实现。
>ver Microsoft Windows [Version 10.0.16299.967]
<a>自动化用简单的Batch脚本[不推荐]
:: ------------------------------------- :: Check Windows Version :: 5.0 = W2000 :: 5.1 = XP :: 5.2 = Server 2003 :: 6.0 = Vista or Server 2008 :: 6.1 = Win7 or Server 2008R2 :: 6.2 = Win8 or Server 2012 :: 6.3 = Win8.1 or Server 2012R2 :: 10.0 = Win10.0,Server 2016 or Server 2019 :: 0.0 = Unknown or Unable to determine :: -------------------------------------- echo OS Detection: Starting ver | findstr /i "5.0." if %ERRORLEVEL% EQU 0 (echo OS = Windows 2000) ver | findstr /i "5.1." if %ERRORLEVEL% EQU 0 (echo OS = Windows XP) ver | findstr /i "5.2." if %ERRORLEVEL% EQU 0 (echo OS = Server 2003) ver | findstr /i "6.0." > nul if %ERRORLEVEL% EQU 0 (echo OS = Vista / Server 2008) ver | findstr /i "6.1." > nul if %ERRORLEVEL% EQU 0 (echo OS = Windows 7 / Server 2008R2) ver | findstr /i "6.2." > nul if %ERRORLEVEL% EQU 0 (echo OS = Windows 8 / Server 2012) ver | findstr /i "6.3." > nul if %ERRORLEVEL% EQU 0 (echo OS = Windows 8.1 / Server 2012R2) ver | findstr /i "6.3." > nul if %ERRORLEVEL% EQU 0 (echo OS = Windows 10.0 /Server 2016/Server 2019)
输出结果对，但丑爆，不推荐
<b>更少代码和更精确的输出
利用FOR 循环.
>for /? 查看帮助
FOR /F "eol=; tokens=2,3* delims=, " %i in (myfile.txt) do @echo %i %j %k would parse each line in myfile.txt, ignoring lines that begin with a semicolon, passing the 2nd and 3rd token from each line to the for body, with tokens delimited by commas and/or spaces. Notice the for body statements reference %i to get the 2nd token, %j to get the 3rd token, and %k to get all remaining tokens after the 3rd. For file names that contain spaces, you need to quote the filenames with double quotes. In order to use double quotes in this manner, you also need to use the usebackq option, otherwise the double quotes will be interpreted as defining a literal string to parse. %i is explicitly declared in the for statement and the %j and %k are implicitly declared via the tokens= option. You can specify up to 26 tokens via the tokens= line, provided it does not cause an attempt to declare a variable higher than the letter 'z' or 'Z'. Remember, FOR variables are single-letter, case sensitive, global, and you can't have more than 52 total active at any one time. You can also use the FOR /F parsing logic on an immediate string, by making the file-set between the parenthesis a quoted string, using single quote characters. It will be treated as a single line of input from a file and parsed. Finally, you can use the FOR /F command to parse the output of a command. You do this by making the file-set between the parenthesis a back quoted string. It will be treated as a command line, which is passed to a child CMD.EXE and the output is captured into memory and parsed as if it was a file. So the following example: FOR /F "usebackq delims==" %i IN (`set`) DO @echo %i would enumerate the environment variable names in the current environment.
@echo off for /f "tokens=4-5 delims=. " %%i in ('ver') do set VERSION=%%i.%%j if "%version%" == "6.0" echo Windows Vista/Server 2008 if "%version%" == "6.1" echo Windows 7/Server 2008 R2 if "%version%" == "6.2" echo Windows 8/Server 2012 if "%version%" == "6.3" echo Windows 8.1/Server 2012R2 if "%version%" == "10.0" echo Windows 10.0/Server 2016/Server 2019
输出效果：
[参考]
https://helloacm.com/windows-batch-script-to-detect-windows-version/