HDU 5473 There was a kingdom 凸包 DP

题意:

给出平面上n个点的坐标,选k个点,使得这k个点围起来的面积最大.

分析:

参考了 叉姐的分析 和 不慌不忙菊苣的代码
思路我都懂,但是DP的部分还是不太会写.
我体会了一下其中含义,也许这样可能会好理解一点:
因为求出来的凸包的点数是固定的,所能选的点数也是固定的,那么不选的点的数量也是固定的.
可以反过来考虑:少选一个点,就要损失凸包上的一块面积.
假设(d(i,j))表示考虑了前(i)个点,选了(j)个点,所损失的最少面积.
第(i)个点的前一个点是(i'),损失的面积为(S_{cut}),那么(d(i,j)=min(d(i,j),d(i',j-1)+S_{cut}))

最后答案就是凸包总面积减去最后损失的最小面积.

损失的面积是一小块一小块三角形累加起来的.
上个图片仅供参考:

#include <iostream>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>
#include <algorithm>
#include <vector>
using namespace std;

typedef long long LL;

const int maxn = 100 + 10;

struct Point
{
    LL x, y;
    Point(LL x = 0, LL y = 0) : x(x), y(y) {}
    void read() { scanf("%lld%lld", &x, &y); }
};

Point operator - (const Point& A, const Point& B) {
    return Point(A.x - B.x, A.y - B.y);
}

bool operator < (const Point& A, const Point& B) {
    return A.x < B.x || (A.x == B.x && A.y < B.y);
}

LL Cross(const Point& A, const Point& B) {
    return A.x * B.y - A.y * B.x;
}

vector<Point> p, con;

vector<Point> ConvexHull() {
    sort(p.begin(), p.end());
    int n = p.size();
    vector<Point> ch(n);
    int m = 0;
    for(int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        while(m > 1 && Cross(ch[m-1]-ch[m-2], p[i]-ch[m-2]) < 0) m--;
        ch[m++] = p[i];
    }
    int k = m;
    for(int i = n - 2; i >= 0; i--) {
        while(m > k && Cross(ch[m-1]-ch[m-2], p[i]-ch[m-2]) < 0) m--;
        ch[m++] = p[i];
    }
    if(n > 1) m--;
    ch.resize(m);
    return ch;
}

int n, k;

LL d[maxn][maxn];
bool vis[maxn];

int main()
{
    //freopen("in.txt", "r", stdin);

    int _; scanf("%d", &_);
    for(int __ = 1; __ <= _; __++) {
        scanf("%d%d", &n, &k);
        p.resize(n);
        for(int i = 0; i < n; i++) p[i].read();

        con = ConvexHull();
        int sz = con.size();
        if(sz <= 2 || k <= 2) { printf("0
"); continue; }

        LL totarea = 0;
        for(int i = 2; i < sz; i++) totarea += Cross(con[i-1]-con[0], con[i] - con[0]);

        if(k >= sz) {
            printf("%lld
", totarea);
            continue;
        }

        LL ans = 0x3f3f3f3f3f3f3f3f;
        memset(vis, false, sizeof(vis));
        int times = min(10 * n / k, sz);
        while(times--) {
            int s = rand() % sz;
            while(vis[s]) s = rand() % sz;
            vis[s] = true;

            memset(d, 0x3f, sizeof(d));
            d[0][0] = 0;
            for(int i = 1; i <= sz; i++) {
                int p0 = (s + i) % sz;
                LL cut = 0;
                for(int j = i - 1; j >= 0; j--) {
                    int p2 = (s + j) % sz;
                    int p1 = (p2 + i) % sz;
                    cut += Cross(con[p1] - con[p0], con[p2] - con[p0]);
                    for(int l = k; l > 0; l--)
                        d[i][l] = min(d[i][l], d[j][l-1] + cut);
                }
            }
            ans = min(ans, d[sz][k]);
        }

        printf("Case #%d: %lld
", __, totarea - ans);
    }

    return 0;
}