一、实现一个自定义的web容器服务
(1）安装nginx
1.获取最新版的 Nginx 镜像
- 拉取官方的最新版本的镜像：
sudo docker pull nginx:latest
2.查看本地镜像
- 用以下命令来查看是否已安装了nginx：
sudo docker images
（2）创建并运行一个容器
1.创建容器
sudo docker run -it nginx /bin/bash
- 容器ID为：086adaca5945
2.查看容器的工作目录
pwd
（3）修改default.confw文件
1.更改文件存放目录
sudo docker cp <容器ID>:/etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf .
- 在主目录中可看到default.confw文件
2.修改文件
sudo gedit default.conf
将监听的端口号listen修改为2800（原为80）
将Web默认目录root修改为/usr/my_html/（原为/usr/share/nginx/html）
（4）创建html文件
- 在同一个目录下创建index.html
- 并在同一个目录下创建dockerfile文件
（6）build dockerfile
sudo docker build -t mynginx .
（7）创建容器并验证结果
sudo docker run --name young_nginx -p 2200:2800 -d mynginx
- 访问浏览器http://localhost:2200/
二、实现一个自定义的数据库容器服务
（1）pull一个mysql镜像，版本为5.7
sudo docker pull mysql:5.7
(2)在主文件目录创建以下文件
1.dockerfile
2.privileges.sql
3.schema.sql
4.setup.sh
（3）build dockerfile
- cd到刚才创建的mysql文件目录，构建镜像
sudo docker build -t yangmysql .
（4）运行容器
sudo docker run --name ysql -p 13306:3306 -d yangmysql
查看一下
sudo docker ps
创建成功
- 查看日志信息,可以看到和启动脚本setup.sh中所规范的步骤一致，数据导入和权限设置成功
sudo docker logs my_sql
（5）进入容器并使用指定用户名和密码进入数据库
- 进入容器
sudo docker exec -it ysql /bin/bash
mysql -u young -p
use docker_mysql
(6)查看已经存在的数据库。
show databases;
（7）进入数据库并查表
use docker_mysql
select * from user;
（8）使用root密码登录
- 退出登录
exit
- 使用root密码登录
（9）查看数据库
show databases;
（10）查看mysql的配置信息
show variables;
（11）查看容器信息
sudo docker inspect ksql
young@young-VirtualBox:~/mysql$ sudo docker inspect my_sql
[
{
"Id": "64f0dcaee6c20dc2700bee1e927ab0edfbea131c0ae150e01128856dde6c1ab2",
"Created": "2020-04-23T12:17:00.803857195Z",
"Path": "docker-entrypoint.sh",
"Args": [
"sh",
"/mysql/setup.sh"
],
"State": {
"Status": "running",
"Running": true,
"Paused": false,
"Restarting": false,
"OOMKilled": false,
"Dead": false,
"Pid": 4302,
"ExitCode": 0,
"Error": "",
"StartedAt": "2020-04-23T12:17:01.981480761Z",
"FinishedAt": "0001-01-01T00:00:00Z"
},
"Image": "sha256:3c8d8052109ad1050f1df117b21ec1964e181a6439d4f8c6416402e8f369df05",
"ResolvConfPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/64f0dcaee6c20dc2700bee1e927ab0edfbea131c0ae150e01128856dde6c1ab2/resolv.conf",
"HostnamePath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/64f0dcaee6c20dc2700bee1e927ab0edfbea131c0ae150e01128856dde6c1ab2/hostname",
"HostsPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/64f0dcaee6c20dc2700bee1e927ab0edfbea131c0ae150e01128856dde6c1ab2/hosts",
"LogPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/64f0dcaee6c20dc2700bee1e927ab0edfbea131c0ae150e01128856dde6c1ab2/64f0dcaee6c20dc2700bee1e927ab0edfbea131c0ae150e01128856dde6c1ab2-json.log",
"Name": "/my_sql",
"RestartCount": 0,
"Driver": "overlay2",
"Platform": "linux",
"MountLabel": "",
"ProcessLabel": "",
"AppArmorProfile": "docker-default",
"ExecIDs": null,
"HostConfig": {
"Binds": null,
"ContainerIDFile": "",
"LogConfig": {
"Type": "json-file",
"Config": {}
},
"NetworkMode": "default",
"PortBindings": {
"3306/tcp": [
{
"HostIp": "",
"HostPort": "13306"
}
]
},
"RestartPolicy": {
"Name": "no",
"MaximumRetryCount": 0
},
"AutoRemove": false,
"VolumeDriver": "",
"VolumesFrom": null,
"CapAdd": null,
"CapDrop": null,
"Capabilities": null,
"Dns": [],
"DnsOptions": [],
"DnsSearch": [],
"ExtraHosts": null,
"GroupAdd": null,
"IpcMode": "private",
"Cgroup": "",
"Links": null,
"OomScoreAdj": 0,
"PidMode": "",
"Privileged": false,
"PublishAllPorts": false,
"ReadonlyRootfs": false,
"SecurityOpt": null,
"UTSMode": "",
"UsernsMode": "",
"ShmSize": 67108864,
"Runtime": "runc",
"ConsoleSize": [
0,
0
],
"Isolation": "",
"CpuShares": 0,
"Memory": 0,
"NanoCpus": 0,
"CgroupParent": "",
"BlkioWeight": 0,
"BlkioWeightDevice": [],
"BlkioDeviceReadBps": null,
"BlkioDeviceWriteBps": null,
"BlkioDeviceReadIOps": null,
"BlkioDeviceWriteIOps": null,
"CpuPeriod": 0,
"CpuQuota": 0,
"CpuRealtimePeriod": 0,
"CpuRealtimeRuntime": 0,
"CpusetCpus": "",
"CpusetMems": "",
"Devices": [],
"DeviceCgroupRules": null,
"DeviceRequests": null,
"KernelMemory": 0,
"KernelMemoryTCP": 0,
"MemoryReservation": 0,
"MemorySwap": 0,
"MemorySwappiness": null,
"OomKillDisable": false,
"PidsLimit": null,
"Ulimits": null,
"CpuCount": 0,
"CpuPercent": 0,
"IOMaximumIOps": 0,
"IOMaximumBandwidth": 0,
"MaskedPaths": [
"/proc/asound",
"/proc/acpi",
"/proc/kcore",
"/proc/keys",
"/proc/latency_stats",
"/proc/timer_list",
"/proc/timer_stats",
"/proc/sched_debug",
"/proc/scsi",
"/sys/firmware"
],
"ReadonlyPaths": [
"/proc/bus",
"/proc/fs",
"/proc/irq",
"/proc/sys",
"/proc/sysrq-trigger"
]
},
"GraphDriver": {
"Data": {
"LowerDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/132d3c624cd77655b6d457347ebcc1fbe67420e5b60f37b409cf43b3112c5d99-init/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/6c90a8b3aa98aa3ab29a0070b7482af3a241eff67aac6e8d8af243c0775286f7/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/ef8fb7d9d7409bfd21d4d9b1855ed6028de40f3b6a7e8a5012fa660843323a99/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/61649d48776ace64ad0a5b11696d36b544e3584e5a1ec11d7ae8919dd46df41e/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/8de84574543f5140a7a9af07a857a1e3a4f5a497b2ae97ab21442c1a665d6aba/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/a5ba65d5327d65c440f0a519fb3c55e652ef6a60ffef8b8e27b65ad8d64e47f6/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/0d15dbd39203be76be7bee250ca160f6e32b03382ae19d0cacfb3b57681d4aea/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/777d5ce9cd30391a96da65c5e0b489e396096b3d7ca53216f50a8421e55c76c4/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/d11be495967bca63b1078febcf09155a4775c11bc0b613e8296460240d94185e/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/c5abf2a6295d157a560d09aab3672dacbc32282787aab67ae5f0fe96f3545caf/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/a5ecfd08c8b8850231ea2c98692b98d50b04d1681e52ca9cb1e3817b98e25805/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/35e951a5b471afb6b3d695970f940b69f8877ec4b4169b10c50a303500ec4cef/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/2b72e46257f5136e49a5c38bc3bf4d1d9151e64887688ec849f0cf71d2b24711/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/32346bdcd0ead5096ebc8454da1a2a18ed14f38eda9fc4df97346ca91a94d977/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/a676e0b32caea9b62c6240131501eeb656870d0ae63b85a71917e4dad8f951bd/diff",
"MergedDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/132d3c624cd77655b6d457347ebcc1fbe67420e5b60f37b409cf43b3112c5d99/merged",
"UpperDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/132d3c624cd77655b6d457347ebcc1fbe67420e5b60f37b409cf43b3112c5d99/diff",
"WorkDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/132d3c624cd77655b6d457347ebcc1fbe67420e5b60f37b409cf43b3112c5d99/work"
},
"Name": "overlay2"
},
"Mounts": [
{
"Type": "volume",
"Name": "666a43e0aa483fbc9c8844fa019b9ed49725eaaea0397fd18f3a2eb077cee041",
"Source": "/var/lib/docker/volumes/666a43e0aa483fbc9c8844fa019b9ed49725eaaea0397fd18f3a2eb077cee041/_data",
"Destination": "/var/lib/mysql",
"Driver": "local",
"Mode": "",
"RW": true,
"Propagation": ""
}
],
"Config": {
"Hostname": "64f0dcaee6c2",
"Domainname": "",
"User": "",
"AttachStdin": false,
"AttachStdout": false,
"AttachStderr": false,
"ExposedPorts": {
"3306/tcp": {},
"33060/tcp": {}
},
"Tty": false,
"OpenStdin": false,
"StdinOnce": false,
"Env": [
"PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin",
"GOSU_VERSION=1.12",
"MYSQL_MAJOR=5.7",
"MYSQL_VERSION=5.7.29-1debian10",
"MYSQL_ALLOW_EMPTY_PASSWORD=no",
"MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456"
],
"Cmd": [
"sh",
"/mysql/setup.sh"
],
"Image": "yangmysql",
"Volumes": {
"/var/lib/mysql": {}
},
"WorkingDir": "",
"Entrypoint": [
"docker-entrypoint.sh"
],
"OnBuild": null,
"Labels": {}
},
"NetworkSettings": {
"Bridge": "",
"SandboxID": "041e77ac5ef71dfc0374bd429d851759eba63626316a2414a829c183cd002a6c",
"HairpinMode": false,
"LinkLocalIPv6Address": "",
"LinkLocalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
"Ports": {
"3306/tcp": [
{
"HostIp": "0.0.0.0",
"HostPort": "13306"
}
],
"33060/tcp": null
},
"SandboxKey": "/var/run/docker/netns/041e77ac5ef7",
"SecondaryIPAddresses": null,
"SecondaryIPv6Addresses": null,
"EndpointID": "fad26717c1791e9bc9872b3f1bf49e35f6ddb86bc770a90d1f794f3245524e94",
"Gateway": "172.17.0.1",
"GlobalIPv6Address": "",
"GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
"IPAddress": "172.17.0.2",
"IPPrefixLen": 16,
"IPv6Gateway": "",
"MacAddress": "02:42:ac:11:00:02",
"Networks": {
"bridge": {
"IPAMConfig": null,
"Links": null,
"Aliases": null,
"NetworkID": "c6d5587987577f0a52dacb1685d1fbb13ddbce6a587a552aa6415693a9a53a4a",
"EndpointID": "fad26717c1791e9bc9872b3f1bf49e35f6ddb86bc770a90d1f794f3245524e94",
"Gateway": "172.17.0.1",
"IPAddress": "172.17.0.2",
"IPPrefixLen": 16,
"IPv6Gateway": "",
"GlobalIPv6Address": "",
"GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
"MacAddress": "02:42:ac:11:00:02",
"DriverOpts": null
}
}
}
}
]
三、遇到的问题
在自定义mysql镜像构建成功后，执行exec时但无法进入lrmysql容器，显示如下报错内容：container is not running
解决方案：执行docker logs yousql命令查看哪里出错了，发现了报错
然后根据报错内容进行了修改，最后可以正常运行
四、小结
本次实验除了遇到的上述问题，其他的都挺顺利，在第一次实验的时候，对docker有了初步的了解，也了解了对docker环境的配置等操作，这次实验学会了使用dockerfile文件实现自定义镜像，也加深的对上一次实验的理解与运用