centos 6.5 安装lnmp(linux+nginx+mysql+php)

参考:http://www.cnblogs.com/AloneSword/archive/2013/03/18/2966750.html (总结并简要)

一安装cmake

wget -c http://www.cmake.org/files/v2.8/cmake-2.8.5.tar.gz 

tar zxvf cmake-2.8.5.tar.gz
cd cmake-2.8.5
.boostarp （有这个命令就执行，否则就跳过）
make
make install
cmake --version

---

二安装mysql

yum -y install gcc libxml2-dev curl screen
libpng12-dev autoconf libpcre3-dev make bzip2
libevent-dev patch libjpeg62-dev libcurl4-openssl-dev
libfreetype6-dev g++ libtool libncurses5-dev psmisc lrzsz
openssl openssl-devel ncurses ncurses-devel

# 创建用户和组
groupadd mysql
useradd -g mysql -s /usr/sbin/nologin mysql
# 创建安装目录
mkdir /usr/local/ mysql
# 创建数据库目录
mkdir /usr/local/ mysql/data

# 解压
tar -zxvf mysql-5.5.17.tar.gz
cd mysql-5.5.17

# 编译及安装mysql
# cmake编译：

cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql

       PS: cmake的时候，参数可以不用那么多，只要一个-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql就行了，我们可以在 my.cnf里面配置。[mysqld]中的内容，看看你copy后的my.cnf有没有这些设置，有就不用了在设置了。  

或
cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_unicode_ci
-DWITH_READLINE=1
-DWITH_SSL=system
-DWITH_EMBEDDED_SERVER=1
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci
-DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1
-DWITH_DEBUG=0

# 安装mysql
make && make install

# 复制配置文件

cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /usr/local/mysql/my.cnf

或
cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf

# 设置权限
chmod +x /usr/local/mysql
chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql
chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/data

# 配置开机自启动
cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld
chkconfig --add mysqld
chkconfg mysqld on

# 修改my.cnf配置
vim /etc/my.cnf
# [mysqld] 添加：
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
default-storage-engine=MyISAM

# 以下可选：
log-error =/usr/local/mysql/data/error.log
pid-file = /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.pid
user = mysql
tmpdir = /tmp

# 初始化数据库
/usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data &

# 启动MySQL
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf &
或者：
/etc/init.d/mysql start （service mysql start）

# 测试MySQL是否启动
# 1）查看是否有进程mysql
ps -ef | grep mysql
# 2）查看端口是否运行
netstat -tnl | grep 3306
# 3）读取mysql版本信息
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin version

 初使密码

#> service mysqld stop
#>mysqld_safe --skip-grant-tables &
输入 mysql -uroot -p 回车进入

或

编辑my.cnf

在[mysqld] 配置部分添加一行

skip-grant-tables

>use mysql;
> update user set password=PASSWORD("newpass")where user="root";
更改密码为 newpassord
> flush privileges; 更新权限
> quit 退出

service mysqld restart
mysql -uroot -p新密码进入

或

//启动mysql server在后台运行
#./bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &
设置密码
# ./bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'passwd'
//进入mysql
# ./bin/mysql -u root -p

---

二安装php

参考：http://www.phperz.com/article/14/1207/39774.html

准备：

yum -y install gcc automake autoconf libtool make

 

yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ glibc

 

yum -y install libmcrypt-devel mhash-devel libxslt-devel

libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel freetype freetype-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel

zlib zlib-devel glibc glibc-devel glib2 glib2-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel

ncurses ncurses-devel curl curl-devel e2fsprogs e2fsprogs-devel

krb5 krb5-devel libidn libidn-devel openssl openssl-devel

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --enable-fpm --with-mcrypt
--enable-mbstring --disable-pdo --with-curl --disable-debug --disable-rpath
--enable-inline-optimization --with-bz2 --with-zlib --enable-sockets
--enable-sysvsem --enable-sysvshm --enable-pcntl --enable-mbregex
--with-mhash --enable-zip --with-pcre-regex --with-mysql --with-mysqli
--with-gd --with-jpeg-dir

cp php.ini.production /usr/local/php/etc

启动

/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm -t

/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm -c /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini -y /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf -t

报错：
configure: error: Please reinstall the BZip2 distribution

解决　
yum -y install bzip2 bzip2-devel

报错：
configure: error: Please reinstall the libcurl distribution -
easy.h should be in <curl-dir>/include/curl/

解决
yum -y install libcurl licurl-devel

报错：
/usr/local/src/php-5.3.8/sapi/cli/php: error while loading shared libraries: libmysqlclient.so.18: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
make: *** [ext/phar/phar.php] Error 127

解决：
1.在/etc/ld.so.conf中加一行/usr/local/lib，
2.然后运行/sbin/ldconfig

还不行再加一个

find / -name "libmysqlclient.so.18"
echo "/usr/local/mysql/lib/" >> /etc/ld.so.conf
tail -1 /etc/ld.so.conf
ldconfig

这样就ok了它就能找到库文件了

添加环境变量

vim /etc/profile

export PATH="$PATH:/usr/local/php/sbin"

启动服务

/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm

报错：

ALERT: [pool www] pm.min_spare_servers(0) must be a positive value

解决办法：

# vi /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf

pm.start_servers=20

pm.min_spare_servers=5

pm.max_spare_servers=35

 

---

三安装nginx

#./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx

make && make install

 

安装Nginx时报错

./configure:  error: the HTTP rewrite module requires the PCRE library.

安装pcre-devel解决问题
yum -y install pcre-devel

加入环境变量

vim /etc/profile

export PATH="$PATH:/usr/local/nginx/sbin"

配置：

#vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/fastcgi_params

if ($fastcgi_script_name ~ "..*/.*.php") {
return 404;
}

fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;

fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $fastcgi_script_name; 

fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME    $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;#脚本文件请求的路径
fastcgi_param  QUERY_STRING       $query_string; #请求的参数;如?app=123
fastcgi_param  REQUEST_METHOD     $request_method; #请求的动作(GET,POST)
fastcgi_param  CONTENT_TYPE       $content_type; #请求头中的Content-Type字段
fastcgi_param  CONTENT_LENGTH     $content_length; #请求头中的Content-length字段。

fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_NAME        $fastcgi_script_name; #脚本名称 
fastcgi_param  REQUEST_URI        $request_uri; #请求的地址不带参数
fastcgi_param  DOCUMENT_URI       $document_uri; #与$uri相同。 
fastcgi_param  DOCUMENT_ROOT      $document_root; #网站的根目录。在server配置中root指令中指定的值 
fastcgi_param  SERVER_PROTOCOL    $server_protocol; #请求使用的协议，通常是HTTP/1.0或HTTP/1.1。  

fastcgi_param  GATEWAY_INTERFACE  CGI/1.1;#cgi 版本
fastcgi_param  SERVER_SOFTWARE    nginx/$nginx_version;#nginx 版本号，可修改、隐藏

fastcgi_param  REMOTE_ADDR        $remote_addr; #客户端IP
fastcgi_param  REMOTE_PORT        $remote_port; #客户端端口
fastcgi_param  SERVER_ADDR        $server_addr; #服务器IP地址
fastcgi_param  SERVER_PORT        $server_port; #服务器端口
fastcgi_param  SERVER_NAME        $server_name; #服务器名，域名在server配置中指定的server_name

#fastcgi_param  PATH_INFO           $path_info;#可自定义变量

# PHP only, required if PHP was built with --enable-force-cgi-redirect
#fastcgi_param  REDIRECT_STATUS    200;

在php可打印出上面的服务环境变量
如：echo $_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR']

参考：http://www.cnblogs.com/rnckty/p/4832213.html

 http://blog.hackroad.com/operations-engineer/linux_server/1453.html