• 00. 以太坊私有链创世区块


    概述

    API 参考 https://web3js.readthedocs.io/en/v1.4.0/index.html

    docker-compose.yml

    version: '3.1'
    services:
       ethereum:
          image: ethereum/client-go
          restart: always
          container_name: ethereum-node
          ports:
            - 8545:8545
            - 30303:30303
          volumes:
            - ./root:/root
    

    genesis.json

    {
      "config": {
        "chainId": 1024,
        "homesteadBlock": 0,
        "eip150Block": 0,
        "eip155Block": 0,
        "eip158Block": 0,
        "byzantiumBlock": 0,
        "constantinopleBlock": 0,
        "petersburgBlock": 0,
        "istanbulBlock": 0,
        "berlinBlock": 0
      },
      "alloc": {},
      "coinbase": "0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
      "difficulty": "0x400",
      "extraData": "",
      "gasLimit": "0x2fefd8",
      "nonce": "0x0000000000000042",
      "mixhash": "0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
      "parentHash": "0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
      "timestamp": "0x00"
    }
    

    进入容器

    docker exec -it ethereum-node /bin/sh
    cd /root/appeth
    

    geth --nousb --datadir=/root/appeth/data0 init /root/appeth/genesis.json

    ~/appeth # geth --nousb --datadir=/root/appeth/data0 init /root/appeth/genesis.json
    INFO [08-28|19:15:40.044] Maximum peer count                       ETH=50 LES=0 total=50
    INFO [08-28|19:15:40.044] Smartcard socket not found, disabling    err="stat /run/pcscd/pcscd.comm: no such file or directory"
    WARN [08-28|19:15:40.044] Option nousb is deprecated and USB is deactivated by default. Use --usb to enable 
    INFO [08-28|19:15:40.049] Set global gas cap                       cap=50,000,000
    INFO [08-28|19:15:40.049] Allocated cache and file handles         database=/root/appeth/data0/geth/chaindata cache=16.00MiB handles=16
    INFO [08-28|19:15:40.084] Writing custom genesis block 
    INFO [08-28|19:15:40.084] Persisted trie from memory database      nodes=0 size=0.00B time="4.4µs" gcnodes=0 gcsize=0.00B gctime=0s livenodes=1 livesize=0.00B
    INFO [08-28|19:15:40.085] Successfully wrote genesis state         database=chaindata                         hash=b052b0..1553c1
    INFO [08-28|19:15:40.085] Allocated cache and file handles         database=/root/appeth/data0/geth/lightchaindata cache=16.00MiB handles=16
    INFO [08-28|19:15:40.111] Writing custom genesis block 
    INFO [08-28|19:15:40.112] Persisted trie from memory database      nodes=0 size=0.00B time="8.598µs" gcnodes=0 gcsize=0.00B gctime=0s livenodes=1 livesize=0.00B
    INFO [08-28|19:15:40.113] Successfully wrote genesis state         database=lightchaindata                         hash=b052b0..1553c1
    
    • 用于存放账户地址
      /root/appeth/data0/keystore

    • 客户端
      /root/appeth/data0/geth

    • 存放区块

    chaindata、lightchaindata

    -rw-r--r--    1 root     root             0 Aug 28 19:15 LOCK
    drwxr-xr-x    2 root     root          4096 Aug 28 19:15 chaindata
    drwxr-xr-x    2 root     root          4096 Aug 28 19:15 lightchaindata
    -rw-------    1 root     root            64 Aug 28 19:15 nodekey
    

    cd /root/appeth/

    进入控制台

    geth --nousb --identity "CreationNode" --rpc --rpcport "8548" --rpcapi eth,web3,persional --allow-insecure-unlock --datadir /root/appeth/data0 --port "30304" --nodiscover console
    
    • --nodiscover: 禁用发现

    执行后提示信息

    INFO [08-28|19:25:36.632] Starting Geth on Ethereum mainnet... 
    INFO [08-28|19:25:36.632] Bumping default cache on mainnet         provided=1024 updated=4096
    INFO [08-28|19:25:36.636] Maximum peer count                       ETH=50 LES=0 total=50
    WARN [08-28|19:25:36.636] The flag --rpc is deprecated and will be removed June 2021, please use --http 
    WARN [08-28|19:25:36.636] The flag --rpcport is deprecated and will be removed June 2021, please use --http.port 
    WARN [08-28|19:25:36.636] The flag --rpcapi is deprecated and will be removed June 2021, please use --http.api 
    INFO [08-28|19:25:36.636] Smartcard socket not found, disabling    err="stat /run/pcscd/pcscd.comm: no such file or directory"
    WARN [08-28|19:25:36.636] Option nousb is deprecated and USB is deactivated by default. Use --usb to enable 
    WARN [08-28|19:25:36.638] Sanitizing cache to Go's GC limits       provided=4096 updated=2657
    INFO [08-28|19:25:36.646] Set global gas cap                       cap=50,000,000
    INFO [08-28|19:25:36.646] Allocated trie memory caches             clean=398.00MiB dirty=664.00MiB
    INFO [08-28|19:25:36.646] Allocated cache and file handles         database=/root/appeth/data0/geth/chaindata cache=1.30GiB handles=524,288
    INFO [08-28|19:25:36.742] Opened ancient database                  database=/root/appeth/data0/geth/chaindata/ancient readonly=false
    INFO [08-28|19:25:36.744] Initialised chain configuration          config="{ChainID: 1024 Homestead: 0 DAO: <nil> DAOSupport: false EIP150: 0 EIP155: 0 EIP158: 0 Byzantium: 0 Constantinople: 0 Petersburg: 0 Istanbul: 0, Muir Glacier: <nil>, Berlin: 0, London: <nil>, Engine: unknown}"
    INFO [08-28|19:25:36.744] Disk storage enabled for ethash caches   dir=/root/appeth/data0/geth/ethash count=3
    INFO [08-28|19:25:36.745] Disk storage enabled for ethash DAGs     dir=/root/.ethash                  count=2
    INFO [08-28|19:25:36.745] Initialising Ethereum protocol           network=1 dbversion=<nil>
    INFO [08-28|19:25:36.748] Loaded most recent local header          number=0 hash=b052b0..1553c1 td=1024 age=52y4mo3w
    INFO [08-28|19:25:36.748] Loaded most recent local full block      number=0 hash=b052b0..1553c1 td=1024 age=52y4mo3w
    INFO [08-28|19:25:36.748] Loaded most recent local fast block      number=0 hash=b052b0..1553c1 td=1024 age=52y4mo3w
    WARN [08-28|19:25:36.748] Failed to load snapshot, regenerating    err="missing or corrupted snapshot"
    INFO [08-28|19:25:36.750] Rebuilding state snapshot 
    INFO [08-28|19:25:36.752] Resuming state snapshot generation       root=56e81f..63b421 accounts=0 slots=0 storage=0.00B elapsed=2.169ms
    INFO [08-28|19:25:36.761] Generated state snapshot                 accounts=0 slots=0 storage=0.00B elapsed=11.136ms
    INFO [08-28|19:25:36.763] Regenerated local transaction journal    transactions=0 accounts=0
    INFO [08-28|19:25:36.764] Gasprice oracle is ignoring threshold set threshold=2
    WARN [08-28|19:25:36.765] Error reading unclean shutdown markers   error="leveldb: not found"
    INFO [08-28|19:25:36.765] Starting peer-to-peer node               instance=Geth/CreationNode/v1.10.9-unstable-ffae2043/linux-amd64/go1.17
    INFO [08-28|19:25:36.810] New local node record                    seq=1 id=ffd129a05e25fb13 ip=127.0.0.1 udp=0 tcp=30304
    INFO [08-28|19:25:36.810] Started P2P networking                   self="enode://55b9fe76a49076e23b96fadd242a171d04cb195767ad02c69e7011992a2904153efcb327b09dc40c928aa3fd29366c4b348690d45e0f87d469dfb3808fa41672@127.0.0.1:30304?discport=0"
    INFO [08-28|19:25:36.813] IPC endpoint opened                      url=/root/appeth/data0/geth.ipc
    ERROR[08-28|19:25:36.813] Unavailable modules in HTTP API list     unavailable=[persional] available="[admin debug web3 eth txpool personal ethash miner net]"
    INFO [08-28|19:25:36.814] HTTP server started                      endpoint=127.0.0.1:8548 prefix= cors= vhosts=localhost
    WARN [08-28|19:25:37.005] Served eth_coinbase                      reqid=3 t="41.701µs" err="etherbase must be explicitly specified"
    Welcome to the Geth JavaScript console!
    
    instance: Geth/CreationNode/v1.10.9-unstable-ffae2043/linux-amd64/go1.17
    at block: 0 (Thu Jan 01 1970 00:00:00 GMT+0000 (UTC))
     datadir: /root/appeth/data0
     modules: admin:1.0 debug:1.0 eth:1.0 ethash:1.0 miner:1.0 net:1.0 personal:1.0 rpc:1.0 txpool:1.0 web3:1.0
    
    To exit, press ctrl-d
    >
    

    创建账户 A

    personal.newAccount()
    

    提示信息

    Passphrase: 123456
    Repeat passphrase: 123456 
    INFO [08-28|19:27:18.434] Your new key was generated               address=0xb68edb8cc590706199c1ef498d53a235e985c2ee
    WARN [08-28|19:27:18.435] Please backup your key file!             path=/root/appeth/data0/keystore/UTC--2021-08-28T19-27-15.070526306Z--835bd1b38711cf971496cbad059edd035782c5f7
    WARN [08-28|19:27:18.435] Please remember your password! 
    "0xb68edb8cc590706199c1ef498d53a235e985c2ee"
    

    地址: 0xb68edb8cc590706199c1ef498d53a235e985c2ee
    密码: 123456

    查看余额

    eth.getBalance(eth.accounts[0])
    eth.getBalance("0xb68edb8cc590706199c1ef498d53a235e985c2ee")
    

    开始挖矿

    miner.start(1)

    停止挖矿

    miner.stop()

    提示

    
      INFO [08-28|19:32:30.291] Updated mining threads                   threads=1
      INFO [08-28|19:32:30.291] Transaction pool price threshold updated price=1,000,000,000
      INFO [08-28|19:32:30.291] Etherbase automatically configured       address=0x835Bd1B38711Cf971496CbAD059eDd035782C5F7
      INFO [08-28|19:32:30.292] Commit new mining work                   number=1 sealhash=8e2999..029aec uncles=0 txs=0 gas=0 fees=0 elapsed="887.63µs"
      null
      > INFO [08-28|19:32:40.636] Generating DAG in progress               epoch=0 percentage=0 elapsed=9.033s
      INFO [08-28|19:32:46.875] Generating DAG in progress               epoch=0 percentage=1 elapsed=15.272s
      INFO [08-28|19:32:54.913] Generating DAG in progress               epoch=0 percentage=2 elapsed=23.310s
      INFO [08-28|19:33:04.049] Generating DAG in progress               epoch=0 percentage=3 elapsed=32.446s
      INFO [08-28|19:33:10.989] Generating DAG in progress               epoch=0 percentage=4 elapsed=39.386s
      
    ...
    INFO [08-28|19:44:26.183] Generating DAG in progress               epoch=0 percentage=96 elapsed=11m54.579s
    INFO [08-28|19:44:33.496] Generating DAG in progress               epoch=0 percentage=97 elapsed=12m1.892s
    INFO [08-28|19:44:40.546] Generating DAG in progress               epoch=0 percentage=98 elapsed=12m8.943s
    INFO [08-28|19:44:48.166] Generating DAG in progress               epoch=0 percentage=99 elapsed=12m16.563s
    INFO [08-28|19:44:48.172] Generated ethash verification cache      epoch=0 elapsed=12m16.569s
    INFO [08-28|19:44:54.469] Successfully sealed new block            number=1 sealhash=8e2999..029aec hash=d2c745..3d3ce1 elapsed=12m24.176s
    INFO [08-28|19:44:54.469]  mined potential block                  number=1 hash=d2c745..3d3ce1
    INFO [08-28|19:44:54.486] Commit new mining work                   number=2 sealhash=426c5c..5e7545 uncles=0 txs=0 gas=0 fees=0 elapsed="179.142µs"
    INFO [08-28|19:45:03.064] Generating DAG in progress               epoch=1 percentage=0  elapsed=12.422s
    INFO [08-28|19:45:08.158] Successfully sealed new block            number=2 sealhash=426c5c..5e7545 hash=7ebe37..d21e48 elapsed=13.672s
    INFO [08-28|19:45:08.159]  mined potential block                  number=2 hash=7ebe37..d21e48
    INFO [08-28|19:45:08.178] Commit new mining work                   number=3 sealhash=d0afc0..b92919 uncles=0 txs=0 gas=0 fees=0 elapsed="200.047µs"
    INFO [08-28|19:45:09.647] Successfully sealed new block            number=3 sealhash=d0afc0..b92919 hash=c4941b..e8bebe elapsed=1.469s
    INFO [08-28|19:45:09.664]  mined potential block                  number=3 hash=c4941b..e8bebe
    INFO [08-28|19:45:09.665] Commit new mining work                   number=4 sealhash=a71824..edc569 uncles=0 txs=0 gas=0 fees=0 elapsed=17.465ms
    INFO [08-28|19:45:12.916] Generating DAG in progress               epoch=1 percentage=1  elapsed=22.274s
    INFO [08-28|19:45:18.990] Successfully sealed new block            number=4 sealhash=a71824..edc569 hash=37ba16..5b6f60 elapsed=9.325s
    INFO [08-28|19:45:18.997]  mined potential block                  number=4 hash=37ba16..5b6f60
    INFO [08-28|19:45:18.997] Commit new mining work                   number=5 sealhash=185dd1..7cf0ab uncles=0 txs=0 gas=0 fees=0 elapsed="301.637µs"
    
    • number: 区块的数量

    image-20210829034615026

    image-20210829034708874

    image-20210829041801424

    换算单位

    web3.fromWei()
    # 显示
    "456"
    

    交易以太坊

    创建账户 B

    personal.newAccount()
    

    账户: 0xc2b037baad241b6b5fa0cf6a87f47cce7152bd1d
    密码: 123456

    解锁账户

    personal.unlockAccount(eth.accounts[0])
    # 显示
    Unlock account 0xb68edb8cc590706199c1ef498d53a235e985c2ee
    Passphrase: 
    true
    

    发送交易

    amount = web3.toWei(5,'ether')
    eth.sendTransaction({from:eth.accounts[0],to:eth.accounts[1],value:amount})
    # 显示
    INFO [08-28|22:36:47.905] Setting new local account                address=0xB68Edb8cC590706199c1ef498D53a235E985c2ee
    INFO [08-28|22:36:47.905] Submitted transaction                    hash=0x6e2c4ad74a9aed0070a506f4ee04bcb7e3740cf05d5d91c8646e986b4cfa2a19 from=0xB68Edb8cC590706199c1ef498D53a235E985c2ee nonce=0 recipient=0xc2B037BaaD241B6B5fa0cF6a87f47cce7152bd1d value=5,000,000,000,000,000,000
    "0x6e2c4ad74a9aed0070a506f4ee04bcb7e3740cf05d5d91c8646e986b4cfa2a19"
    
    # 查看未确认交易
    txpool.status
    # 显示
    {
      pending: 1,
      queued: 0
    }
    
    # 等待确认交易
    eth.getBlock("pending", true).transactions
    [{
        blockHash: "0xe6f043176c1c8dd9cce8ebd730012bcabedda742cca79ffa9917432fee4b0399",
        blockNumber: 5,
        from: "0xb68edb8cc590706199c1ef498d53a235e985c2ee",
        gas: 21000,
        gasPrice: 1000000000,
        hash: "0x6e2c4ad74a9aed0070a506f4ee04bcb7e3740cf05d5d91c8646e986b4cfa2a19",
        input: "0x",
        nonce: 0,
        r: "0xc77252d1fafca68fcf54a1e5b90c4c95fdabec334f866a32619f70ba2c9ac598",
        s: "0x325a448dcb498f6c2fd10a53825a457f6ebc528819dcd296b0ce20c39ac8ed69",
        to: "0xc2b037baad241b6b5fa0cf6a87f47cce7152bd1d",
        transactionIndex: 0,
        type: "0x0",
        v: "0x823",
        # 5个以太坊 从 s: 转到 to: 
        value: 5000000000000000000
    }]
    

    确认交易

    miner.start(1);admin.sleepBlocks(1);miner.stop();
    
    > miner.start(1);admin.sleepBlocks(1);miner.stop();
    INFO [08-28|22:38:19.503] Updated mining threads                   threads=1
    INFO [08-28|22:38:19.503] Transaction pool price threshold updated price=1,000,000,000
    INFO [08-28|22:38:19.503] Commit new mining work                   number=5 sealhash=6d86f1..78ad6a uncles=0 txs=0 gas=0 fees=0 elapsed="319.556µs"
    INFO [08-28|22:38:19.504] Commit new mining work                   number=5 sealhash=d84f6a..8f0b8f uncles=0 txs=1 gas=21000 fees=2.1e-05 elapsed="929.701µs"
    INFO [08-28|22:38:36.721] Generating DAG in progress               epoch=1 percentage=0 elapsed=15.738s
    INFO [08-28|22:38:48.064] Generating DAG in progress               epoch=1 percentage=1 elapsed=27.080s
    INFO [08-28|22:39:00.637] Generating DAG in progress               epoch=1 percentage=2 elapsed=39.653s
    INFO [08-28|22:39:15.554] Generating DAG in progress               epoch=1 percentage=3 elapsed=54.570s
    INFO [08-28|22:39:18.625] Successfully sealed new block            number=5 sealhash=d84f6a..8f0b8f hash=878de6..a6c02c elapsed=59.121s
    INFO [08-28|22:39:18.625]  mined potential block                  number=5 hash=878de6..a6c02c
    INFO [08-28|22:39:18.626] Commit new mining work                   number=6 sealhash=e17a7a..ab82ee uncles=0 txs=0 gas=0     fees=0       elapsed="434.019µs"
    INFO [08-28|22:39:18.635] Commit new mining work                   number=6 sealhash=e17a7a..ab82ee uncles=0 txs=0 gas=0     fees=0       elapsed=9.723ms
    null
    > eth.blockNumber
    229
    > eth.getBalance(eth.accounts[0])
    5
    > eth.getBalance(eth.accounts[1])
    5
    
  • 相关阅读:
    动态规划专题(二)——树形DP
    动态规划专题(一)——状压DP
    位运算相关(二)——位运算的简单变换操作
    位运算相关(一)——位运算学习笔记
    2018.10.05 TOPOI提高组模拟赛 解题报告
    【BZOJ1088】[SCOI2005] 扫雷Mine(分类讨论)
    【洛谷1273】有线电视网(树上背包)
    【洛谷2264】情书(字符串水题)
    【洛谷4287】[SHOI2011] 双倍回文(Manacher算法经典题)
    【洛谷2051】[AHOI2009] 中国象棋(烦人的动态规划)
  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/1766af/p/15337900.html
Copyright © 2020-2023  润新知