• Thread源码分析


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    1、Runnable接口源码:

    1 public interface Runnable {
    2     public abstract void run();
    3 }

      2、Thread类与Runnable接口的继承关系

    1 public class Thread implements Runnable{
    2 
    3 }

      Runnable接口仅有一个run()方法,Thread类实现了Runnable接口,所以,Thread类也实现了Runnable接口。

      3、构造函数

    1 public Thread() {
    2     init(null, null, "Thread-" + nextThreadNum(), 0);
    3 }
    1 public Thread(Runnable target) {
    2     init(null, target, "Thread-" + nextThreadNum(), 0);
    3 }
    1 public Thread(ThreadGroup group, Runnable target) {
    2     init(group, target, "Thread-" + nextThreadNum(), 0);
    3 }
    1 public Thread(String name) {
    2     init(null, null, name, 0);
    3 }
                      还有其它的构造方法,此处省略。。。

      这里的第三个参数是设置线程的名称,从下面的代码中可以看出,生成名称的规则是:”Thread-”加上创建的线程的个数(第几个)。

    继续查看init方法:

    复制代码
     1 /**
     2      * Initializes a Thread.
     3      *
     4      * @param g the Thread group
     5      * @param target the object whose run() method gets called
     6      * @param name the name of the new Thread
     7      * @param stackSize the desired stack size for the new thread, or
     8      *        zero to indicate that this parameter is to be ignored.
     9      */
        //ThreadGroup:线程组表示一个线程的集合。此外,线程组也可以包含其他线程组。线程组构成一棵树,在树中,除了初始线程组外,每个线程组都有一个父线程组。  10 private void init(ThreadGroup g, Runnable target, String name, 11 long stackSize) { 12 Thread parent = currentThread(); 13 SecurityManager security = System.getSecurityManager(); 14 if (g == null) { 15 /* Determine if it's an applet or not */ 16 17 /* If there is a security manager, ask the security manager 18 what to do. */ 19 if (security != null) { 20 g = security.getThreadGroup(); 21 } 22 23 /* If the security doesn't have a strong opinion of the matter 24 use the parent thread group. */ 25 if (g == null) { 26 g = parent.getThreadGroup(); 27 } 28 } 29 30 /* checkAccess regardless of whether or not threadgroup is 31 explicitly passed in. */ 32 g.checkAccess(); 33 34 /* 35 * Do we have the required permissions? 36 */ 37 if (security != null) { 38 if (isCCLOverridden(getClass())) { 39 security.checkPermission(SUBCLASS_IMPLEMENTATION_PERMISSION); 40 } 41 } 42 43 44 g.addUnstarted(); 45 46 this.group = g;

        //每个线程都有一个优先级,高优先级线程的执行优先于低优先级线程。每个线程都可以或不可以标记为一个守护程序。当某个线程中运行的代码创建一个新Thread 对象时,该新线程的初始优先级被设定为创建线程的优先级,并且当且仅当创建线程是守护线程时,新线程才是守护程序。 

    47     this.daemon = parent.isDaemon();
    48     this.priority = parent.getPriority();
    49     this.name = name.toCharArray();
    50     if (security == null || isCCLOverridden(parent.getClass()))
    51         this.contextClassLoader = parent.getContextClassLoader();
    52     else
    53         this.contextClassLoader = parent.contextClassLoader;
    54     this.inheritedAccessControlContext = AccessController.getContext();
    55     this.target = target;
    56     setPriority(priority);
    57         if (parent.inheritableThreadLocals != null)
    58         this.inheritableThreadLocals =
    59         ThreadLocal.createInheritedMap(parent.inheritableThreadLocals);
    60         /* Stash the specified stack size in case the VM cares */
    61         this.stackSize = stackSize;
    62 
    63         /* Set thread ID */
    64         tid = nextThreadID();
    65     }
    复制代码

      初始化时设置了是否为守护线程,优先级,初始化名称。

      4、Thread的start方法的实现:

    复制代码
     1 public synchronized void start() {
     2         /**
     3      * This method is not invoked for the main method thread or "system"
     4      * group threads created/set up by the VM. Any new functionality added 
     5      * to this method in the future may have to also be added to the VM.
     6      *
     7      * A zero status value corresponds to state "NEW".
     8          */
     9         if (threadStatus != 0)
    10             throw new IllegalThreadStateException();
    11         group.add(this);
    12         start0();
    13         if (stopBeforeStart) {
    14         stop0(throwableFromStop);
    15     }
    16 }
    复制代码

      这里主要的是start0方法;查看其实现:

     1 private native void start0();

      这里使用了本地调用,通过C代码初始化线程需要的系统资源。可见,线程底层的实现是通过C代码去完成的。

    4、Thread的run方法的实现

    1 public void run() {
    2     if (target != null) {
    3         target.run();
    4     }
    5 }

      这里的target实际上要保存的是一个Runnable接口的实现的引用:

    1 private Runnable target;

      所以使用继承Thread创建线程类时,需要重写run方法,因为默认的run方法什么也不干。

      而当我们使用Runnable接口实现线程类时,为了启动线程,需要先把该线程类实例初始化一个Thread,实际上就执行了如下构造函数:

    1 public Thread(Runnable target) {
    2     init(null, target, "Thread-" + nextThreadNum(), 0);
    3 }

      即是把线程类的引用保存到target中。这样,当调用Thread的run方法时,target就不为空了,而是继续调用了target的run方法,所以我们需要实现Runnable的run方法。这样通过Thread的run方法就调用到了Runnable实现类中的run方法。

      这也是Runnable接口实现的线程类需要这样启动的原因。

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/0616--ataozhijia/p/3710572.html
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