数据库命令行工具USQL、mycli、litecli、pgcli

USQL

USQL 是一款使用 Go 语言开发的支持 SQL/NoSQL 数据库的通用命令行工具，它支持多种主流的数据库软件，目前最新版本是usql 0.7.0。比如 PostgreSQL、MySQL、Oracle Database、SQLite3、Microsoft SQL Server 以及许多其它的数据库（包括 NoSQL 和非关系型数据库）。

USQL 的灵感来自 PostgreSQL 的 PSQL，USQL 支持大多数 PSQL 的核心特性，比如：设置变量、反引号参数。并具有 PSQL 不支持的其它功能，如语法高亮、基于上下文的自动补全和多数据库支持等。

USQL项目地址

安装 USQL

由于 USQL 使用 Go 语言开发，具备了良好的Linux、Windows等跨平台特性。USQL 安装非常简单，官方也提供二进制、Homebrew、Scoop等多种安装方式。这里我们就使用最具通用性的二进制方式安装，以 Linux 平台为例：

$ wget https://github.com/xo/usql/releases/download/v0.7.0/usql-0.7.0-linux-amd64.tar.bz2

$ tar xjvf usql-0.7.0-linux-amd64.tar.bz2

$ sudo mv usql /usr/local/bin

如果你使用其它平台，可根据实际情况在官方下载页面下载对应版本。

USQL 用法

USQL：支持SQL/NoSQL数据库的通用命令行工具

mycli

mycli 是基于MySQL的命令行工具，直接使用 pip install mycli 安装,
具体介绍见 https://github.com/dbcli/mycli

$ mycli --help
Usage: mycli [OPTIONS] [DATABASE]

  A MySQL terminal client with auto-completion and syntax highlighting.

  Examples:
    - mycli my_database
    - mycli -u my_user -h my_host.com my_database
    - mycli mysql://my_user@my_host.com:3306/my_database

Options:
  -h, --host TEXT               Host address of the database.
  -P, --port INTEGER            Port number to use for connection. Honors
                                $MYSQL_TCP_PORT.
  -u, --user TEXT               User name to connect to the database.
  -S, --socket TEXT             The socket file to use for connection.
  -p, --password TEXT           Password to connect to the database.
  --pass TEXT                   Password to connect to the database.
  --ssh-user TEXT               User name to connect to ssh server.
  --ssh-host TEXT               Host name to connect to ssh server.
  --ssh-port INTEGER            Port to connect to ssh server.
  --ssh-password TEXT           Password to connect to ssh server.
  --ssh-key-filename TEXT       Private key filename (identify file) for the
                                ssh connection.
  --ssl-ca PATH                 CA file in PEM format.
  --ssl-capath TEXT             CA directory.
  --ssl-cert PATH               X509 cert in PEM format.
  --ssl-key PATH                X509 key in PEM format.
  --ssl-cipher TEXT             SSL cipher to use.
  --ssl-verify-server-cert      Verify server's "Common Name" in its cert
                                against hostname used when connecting. This
                                option is disabled by default.
  -V, --version                 Output mycli's version.
  -v, --verbose                 Verbose output.
  -D, --database TEXT           Database to use.
  -d, --dsn TEXT                Use DSN configured into the [alias_dsn]
                                section of myclirc file.
  --list-dsn                    list of DSN configured into the [alias_dsn]
                                section of myclirc file.
  -R, --prompt TEXT             Prompt format (Default: "	 u@h:d> ").
  -l, --logfile FILENAME        Log every query and its results to a file.
  --defaults-group-suffix TEXT  Read MySQL config groups with the specified
                                suffix.
  --defaults-file PATH          Only read MySQL options from the given file.
  --myclirc PATH                Location of myclirc file.
  --auto-vertical-output        Automatically switch to vertical output mode
                                if the result is wider than the terminal
                                width.
  -t, --table                   Display batch output in table format.
  --csv                         Display batch output in CSV format.
  --warn / --no-warn            Warn before running a destructive query.
  --local-infile BOOLEAN        Enable/disable LOAD DATA LOCAL INFILE.
  --login-path TEXT             Read this path from the login file.
  -e, --execute TEXT            Execute command and quit.
  --help                        Show this message and exit.

λ mycli -u root
Password:
mysql 5.5.53
mycli 1.19.0
Chat: https://gitter.im/dbcli/mycli
Mail: https://groups.google.com/forum/#!forum/mycli-users
Home: http://mycli.net
Thanks to the contributor - Jialong Liu
mysql root@localhost:(none)> show data
                                       databases
                                       create database

注：进入MySQL命令行后如果想执行Linux命令怎么办，先退出执行然后再登录MySQL？麻烦，其实可以直接用system。

mysql> system pwd
/root
mysql> system ll
sh: ll: command not found
mysql> system ls -al
total 40160
dr-xr-x---.   39 root     root         4096 Jul 10 14:47 .
dr-xr-xr-x.   29 root     root         4096 May  5 18:55 ..

litecli

litecli 是基于 sqlite 的命令行工具，直接用 pip install -U litecli 安装，具体介绍见
https://github.com/dbcli/litecli

$ litecli --help
Usage: litecli [OPTIONS] [DATABASE]

  A SQLite terminal client with auto-completion and syntax highlighting.

  Examples:
    - litecli lite_database

Options:
  -V, --version           Output litecli's version.
  -D, --database TEXT     Database to use.
  -R, --prompt TEXT       Prompt format (Default: "d> ").
  -l, --logfile FILENAME  Log every query and its results to a file.
  --liteclirc PATH        Location of liteclirc file.
  --auto-vertical-output  Automatically switch to vertical output mode if the
                          result is wider than the terminal width.
  -t, --table             Display batch output in table format.
  --csv                   Display batch output in CSV format.
  --warn / --no-warn      Warn before running a destructive query.
  -e, --execute TEXT      Execute command and quit.
  --help                  Show this message and exit.

λ litecli
Version: 1.0.0
Mail: https://groups.google.com/forum/#!forum/litecli-users
Github: https://github.com/dbcli/litecli
(none)> .tables
Not connected to database.
(none)> .databases
Not connected to database.
(none)> use test
You are now connected to database "test"
Time: 0.001s
test> .tables
Time: 0.000s
test> CREATE TABLE COMPANY(
         ID INT PRIMARY KEY     NOT NULL,
         NAME           TEXT    NOT NULL,
         AGE            INT     NOT NULL,
         ADDRESS        CHAR(50),
         SALARY         REAL
      );
Query OK, 0 rows affected
Time: 0.077s
test> .tables
+---------+
| name    |
+---------+
| COMPANY |
+---------+
Time: 0.040s

pgcli

pgcli 是一个基于 PostgreSQL 的命令行工具，支持自动补全和语法高亮,直接使用pip install -U pgcli 安装，具体介绍见 https://github.com/dbcli/pgcli

$ pgcli --help

Usage: pgcli [OPTIONS] [DATABASE] [USERNAME]Options:

  -h, --host TEXT     Host address of the postgres database.

  -p, --port INTEGER  Port number at which the postgres instance is listening.

  -U, --user TEXT     User name to connect to the postgres database.

  -W, --password      Force password prompt.

  -w, --no-password   Never prompt for password.

  -v, --version       Version of pgcli.

  -d, --dbname TEXT   database name to connect to.

  --pgclirc TEXT      Location of pgclirc file.

  --help              Show this message and exit.