• HBase 分布式环境安装部署


    HBase 的安装有两种方式:单机安装和分布式安装。HBase的单机安装了解即可,大家重点掌握HBase 分布式集群的安装。下面我们分别进行介绍。

    HBase 单机安装

    HBase 需要运行在 Hadoop 基础之上,因此安装HBase 的前提是必须安装 Hadoop 环境。Hadoop 环境的安装可以参考前面课程的内容。下载与Hadoop2.2.0或者 Hadoop2.6.0相匹配的hbase-0.98.11-hadoop2-bin.tar.gz 软件包(点击此处下载)。

    HBase 的安装步骤如下所示:

    步骤一: 下载解压HBase

    将hbase-0.98.11-hadoop2-bin.tar.gz 安装包解压到指定的目录(这里是在/opt/modules),然后重命名为hbase,最后将hbase操作权限分配给hadoop用户(运行hadoop的账户)

    [hadoop@master modules]$ sudo rz (使用root用户登录就不用sudo,以下同理)
    [hadoop@master modules]$ sudo tar -zxvf hbase-0.98.13-hadoop2-bin.tar.gz
    [hadoop@master modules]$ sudo mv hbase-0.98.11-hadoop2 hbase
    [hadoop@master modules]$ ls
    hadoop-2.6.0 hbase hive1.0.0 jdk jdk1.7.0_79 jdk1.8.0_60 scala-2.11.8 spark-2.2.0-bin-hadoop2.6 zookeeper-3.4.5-cdh5.10.0
    [hadoop@master modules]$ sudo chown -R hadoop:hadoop hbase
    [hadoop@master modules]$ ll
    total 32
    drwxr-xr-x 12 hadoop hadoop 4096 Apr 11 00:00 hadoop-2.6.0
    drwxrwxr-x 8 hadoop hadoop 4096 May 29 00:22 hbase
    drwxr-xr-x 11 hadoop hadoop 4096 May 24 12:34 hive1.0.0
    lrwxrwxrwx 1 hadoop hadoop 12 Apr 9 05:59 jdk -> jdk1.8.0_60/
    drwxr-xr-x 8 hadoop hadoop 4096 Apr 11 2015 jdk1.7.0_79
    drwxr-xr-x 8 hadoop hadoop 4096 Aug 5 2015 jdk1.8.0_60
    drwxrwxr-x 6 hadoop hadoop 4096 Mar 4 2016 scala-2.11.8
    drwxr-xr-x 15 hadoop hadoop 4096 Apr 9 06:27 spark-2.2.0-bin-hadoop2.6
    drwxr-xr-x 14 hadoop hadoop 4096 Apr 9 00:00 zookeeper-3.4.5-cdh5.10.0

    步骤二:配置HBase环境变量

    打开/etc/profile 文件,配置 HBase 的环境变量。

    [hadoop@master modules]$ sudo vi /etc/profile
     HBASE_HOME=/usr/java/hbase
     PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$HADOOP_HOME/bin:$HBASE_HOME/bin:$PATH

    修改并保存/etc/profile文件后,使配置文件立即生效。

    [hadoop@master modules]$ source /etc/profile 

    步骤三: 修改HBase配置文件

    修改 conf/hbase-env.sh 配置文件。

    1) 去掉 JAVA_HOME 前的 "#",并将其修改成自己安装的 Java 路径。

    2) 去掉 HBASE_MANAGES_ZK 前的 "#",并将其值设置为 true(HBase 管理自己的 ZooKeeper,这样就不需要单独安装 ZooKeeper)。

    [hadoop@master hbase]$ vi conf/hbase-env.sh
     export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.8.0_51
     export HBASE_MANAGES_ZK=true

    修改 conf/hbase-site.xml配置文件,添加如下内容。

    [hadoop@master hbase]$ vi conf/hbase-site.xml
    <configuration>
    <property>
        <name>hbase.rootdir</name>
        <value>hdfs://master:9000/hbase</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>hbase.cluster.distributed</name>
        <value>false</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>hbase.Zookeeper.quorum</name>
        <value>master</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>Zookeeper.session.timeout</name>
        <value>60000</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>hbase.Zookeeper.property.clientPort</name>
        <value>2181</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>hbase.tmp.dir</name>
        <value>/home/hadoop/data/hbase/tmp</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>hbase.client.keyvalue.maxsize</name>
        <value>10485760</value>
    </property>
    </configuration>

    hbase.rootdir 属性的值需要与 Hadoop 目录下这个conf/core-site.xml 文件中的 fs.default.name 属性值对应。

    fs.default.name 设置为hdfs://master:9000/
    hbase.rootdir 设置为hdfs://master:9000/hbase
    hbase.ZooKeeper.quorum 设置为 master
    hbase.tmp.dir 设置为之前创建的 tmp 目录:/home/hadoop/data/hbase/tmp

    步骤四:启动Hbase

    1、首先启动Hadoop伪分布集群

    [hadoop@master hadoop]$ sbin/start-all.sh
    [hadoop@master hadoop]$ jps
     2995 Jps
     2134 NameNode
     2234 DataNode
     2412 SecondaryNameNode
     2573 ResourceManager
     2671 NodeManager

    2、启动HBase

    [hadoop@master hbase]$ bin/start-hbase.sh
    [hadoop@master hbase]$ jps
    3426 HRegionServer
    3474 Jps
    2134 NameNode
    2234 DataNode
    3228 HQuorumPeer
    2412 SecondaryNameNode
    3293 HMaster
    2573 ResourceManager
    2671 NodeManager

    到这里 HBase 单机版已经安装成功。

    HBase 分布式集群安装

    在安装HBase 分布式集群之前,相信大家应该已经成功搭建Hadoop集群, 有了这个基础再安装HBase应该就比较简单了。接下来我们一起搭建HBase集群。

    步骤一: HBase集群架构

    在我们搭建HBase之前,首先要规划好HBase核心角色的节点分配。这里我们是基于前面搭建的3节点的Hadoop集群(非高热备HA集群)进行HBase集群的搭建,我们将master和slave1节点配置为Master,将slave2节点配置为RegionServer。同理,如果为5节点或者更多则可以将后面的均配置为RegionServer。

    步骤二: HBase集群安装

    1、配置conf/regionservers

    [hadoop@master conf]$ sudo vi regionservers
      slave2

    2、配置 Hbase master 的备份节点

    [hadoop@master conf]$ sudo vi backup-masters 
      slave1

    3、配置conf/hbase-site.xml

    [hadoop@master conf]$ sudo vi hbase-site.xml  (为便于理解使用了中文注解,使用时请去掉)
    <configuration>
            <property>
                    <name>hbase.zookeeper.quorum</name>
                    <value>master,slave1,slave2</value><!—指定ZooKeeper集群位置>
            </property>
            <property>
                    <name>hbase.zookeeper.property.dataDir</name>
                    <value>/home/hadoop/data/zookeeper</value><!—Zookeeper写数据目录(与ZooKeeper集群上配置相一致)>
            </property>
            <property>
                    <name>hbase.zookeeper.property.clientPort</name>
                    <value>2181</value><!—Zookeeper的端口号>
            </property>
            <property>
                    <name>hbase.rootdir</name>
                    <value>hdfs://cluster/hbase</value><!—RegionServers 共享目录>
            </property>
            <property>
                    <name>hbase.cluster.distributed</name>
                    <value>true</value><!—开启分布式模式>
            </property>
            <property>
                    <name>hbase.master</name>
                    <value>hdfs://master:60000</value><!—指定Hbase的master的位置>
            </property>
    </configuration>

    备注:配置这个hbase.rootdir属性的时候,需要将hdfs的core-site.xml和hdfs-site.xml两个配置文件copy到hbase的conf或者lib目录下,否则regionserver不能识别cluster逻辑名称。

    4、配置hbase-env.sh

    [hadoop@master conf]$ sudo vi hbase-env.sh
    #配置jdk安装路径
    export JAVA_HOME=/home/hadoop/app/jdk1.8.0_51
    #使用独立的Zookeeper集群
    export HBASE_MANAGES_ZK=false 

    5、配置环境变量

    [hadoop@master conf]# sudo vi /etc/profile
    HBASE_HOME=/opt/modules/hbase
    PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$ZOOKEEPER_HOME/bin:$HADOOP_HOME/bin:$HBASE_HOME/bin:$PATH
    export HBASE_HOME

    6、Hbase 安装包远程同步到其它节点

    [hadoop@master modules]$ scp -r hbase slave1:/opt/modules/
    [hadoop@master modules]$ scp -r hbase slave2:/opt/modules/

    7、启动Hbase集群

    需按照以下顺序来启动Hbase集群
    1)启动Zookeeper
    [hadoop@master conf]$ cd /opt/modules/zookeeper-3.4.5-cdh5.10.0/
    
    [hadoop@master zookeeper-3.4.5-cdh5.10.0]$ bin/zkServer.sh start
    
    JMX enabled by default
    
    Using config: /opt/modules/zookeeper-3.4.5-cdh5.10.0/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
    
    Starting zookeeper ... STARTED
    
    [hadoop@master zookeeper-3.4.5-cdh5.10.0]$ jps
    
    6113 Jps
    
    6086 QuorumPeerMain
    
    
    [hadoop@slave1 zookeeper-3.4.5-cdh5.10.0]$ bin/zkServer.sh
    
    JMX enabled by default
    
    Using config: /opt/modules/zookeeper-3.4.5-cdh5.10.0/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
    
    Usage: bin/zkServer.sh {start|start-foreground|stop|restart|status|upgrade|print-cmd}
    
    [hadoop@slave1 zookeeper-3.4.5-cdh5.10.0]$ bin/zkServer.sh start
    
    JMX enabled by default
    
    Using config: /opt/modules/zookeeper-3.4.5-cdh5.10.0/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
    
    Starting zookeeper ... STARTED
    
    [hadoop@slave1 zookeeper-3.4.5-cdh5.10.0]$ jps
    
    4728 Jps
    
    4702 QuorumPeerMain
    
    
    [hadoop@slave2 modules]$ cd zookeeper-3.4.5-cdh5.10.0/
    
    [hadoop@slave2 zookeeper-3.4.5-cdh5.10.0]$ bin/zkServer.sh start
    
    JMX enabled by default
    
    Using config: /opt/modules/zookeeper-3.4.5-cdh5.10.0/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
    
    Starting zookeeper ... STARTED
    
    [hadoop@slave2 zookeeper-3.4.5-cdh5.10.0]$ jps
    
    3370 Jps
    
    3338 QuorumPeerMain
    2)启动HDFS和YARN
    [hadoop@master hadoop-2.6.0]$ sbin/start-dfs.sh 
    18/05/29 01:15:42 WARN util.NativeCodeLoader: Unable to load native-hadoop library for your platform... using builtin-java classes where applicable
    Starting namenodes on [master slave1]
    slave1: starting namenode, logging to /opt/modules/hadoop-2.6.0/logs/hadoop-hadoop-namenode-slave1.out
    master: starting namenode, logging to /opt/modules/hadoop-2.6.0/logs/hadoop-hadoop-namenode-master.out
    master: starting datanode, logging to /opt/modules/hadoop-2.6.0/logs/hadoop-hadoop-datanode-master.out
    slave1: starting datanode, logging to /opt/modules/hadoop-2.6.0/logs/hadoop-hadoop-datanode-slave1.out
    slave2: starting datanode, logging to /opt/modules/hadoop-2.6.0/logs/hadoop-hadoop-datanode-slave2.out
    Starting journal nodes [master slave1 slave2]
    slave2: starting journalnode, logging to /opt/modules/hadoop-2.6.0/logs/hadoop-hadoop-journalnode-slave2.out
    master: starting journalnode, logging to /opt/modules/hadoop-2.6.0/logs/hadoop-hadoop-journalnode-master.out
    slave1: starting journalnode, logging to /opt/modules/hadoop-2.6.0/logs/hadoop-hadoop-journalnode-slave1.out
    18/05/29 01:15:59 WARN util.NativeCodeLoader: Unable to load native-hadoop library for your platform... using builtin-java classes where applicable
    
    [hadoop@master hadoop-2.6.0]$ sbin/start-yarn.sh 
    starting yarn daemons
    starting resourcemanager, logging to /opt/modules/hadoop-2.6.0/logs/yarn-hadoop-resourcemanager-master.out
    slave2: starting nodemanager, logging to /opt/modules/hadoop-2.6.0/logs/yarn-hadoop-nodemanager-slave2.out
    slave1: starting nodemanager, logging to /opt/modules/hadoop-2.6.0/logs/yarn-hadoop-nodemanager-slave1.out
    master: starting nodemanager, logging to /opt/modules/hadoop-2.6.0/logs/yarn-hadoop-nodemanager-master.out
    3)启动Hbase
    [hadoop@master hbase]$ bin/start-hbase.sh 
    starting master, logging to /opt/modules/hbase/logs/hbase-hadoop-master-master.out
    slave2: starting regionserver, logging to /opt/modules/hbase/bin/../logs/hbase-hadoop-regionserver-slave2.out
    slave1: starting master, logging to /opt/modules/hbase/bin/../logs/hbase-hadoop-master-slave1.out
    4)jps查看各节点进程的状态
    [hadoop@master hbase]$ jps
    8577 Jps
    8193 JournalNode
    7905 NameNode
    8455 HMaster
    8010 DataNode
    7756 ResourceManager
    7709 QuorumPeerMain
    
    [hadoop@slave1 hbase]$ jps
    4850 NameNode
    5016 JournalNode
    4867 HMaster
    5113 Jps 4762 ResourceManager 4925 DataNode 4702 QuorumPeerMain
    [hadoop@slave2 hbase
    ]$ jps 2341 HRegionServer 3510 JournalNode 3575 Jps 3338 QuorumPeerMain 3419 DataNode

    8、通过web ui 查看HBase

    http://master:60010/master-status
    
    http://slave1:60010/master-status

    如果上述操作都ok,说明你的 HBase 集群安装成功。

     

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/zimo-jing/p/9102177.html
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