• 数据结构算法C语言实现(二十七)--- 7.2图的遍历


      一.简述

      栈与队列,DFS与BFS。仅以连接表为例实现。

      二.头文件

      BFS要用到的头文件

     1 //3_4_part1.h
     2 /**
     3 author:zhaoyu
     4 email:zhaoyu1995.com@gmail.com
     5 date:2016-6-9
     6     2016-6-25修改版,针对第七章
     7 note:realize my textbook <<数据结构(C语言版)>>
     8 */
     9 //Page 64
    10 #include <cstdio>
    11 #include "head.h"
    12 #define QElemType int
    13 //----循环队列:队列的顺序存储结构----
    14 #define MAXQSIZE 10 //最大队列长度
    15 typedef struct{
    16     QElemType *base;
    17     int front;
    18     int rear;
    19 }SqQueue;
    20 //----循环队列的基本操作说明及实现----
    21 Status InitQueue(SqQueue &Q)
    22 {
    23     //构造一个空队列 Q
    24     Q.base = (QElemType *)malloc(MAXQSIZE*sizeof(QElemType));
    25     if (!Q.base)
    26     {
    27         exit(OVERFLOW);
    28     }
    29     Q.front = Q.rear = 0;
    30     return OK;
    31 }
    32 int QueueLength(SqQueue Q)
    33 {
    34     //返回 Q 的元素个数,即队列的长度
    35     return (Q.rear - Q.front + MAXQSIZE) % MAXQSIZE;
    36 }
    37 Status EnQueue(SqQueue &Q, QElemType e)
    38 {
    39     //插入元素 e 为 Q 的新的队尾元素
    40     if ((Q.rear+1)%MAXQSIZE == Q.front)
    41     {
    42         return ERROR;//队列满
    43     }
    44     Q.base[Q.rear] = e;
    45     Q.rear = (Q.rear+1)%MAXQSIZE;
    46     return OK;
    47 }
    48 Status DeQueue(SqQueue &Q, QElemType &e)
    49 {
    50     //若队列不空,则删除 Q 的队列头元素,用 e 返回其值,
    51     //并返回 OK,否则返回 ERROR
    52     if (Q.front == Q.rear)
    53     {
    54         return ERROR;
    55     }
    56     e = Q.base[Q.front];
    57     Q.front = (Q.front+1)%MAXQSIZE;
    58     return OK;
    59 }
    60 Status QueueEmpty(SqQueue Q)
    61 {
    62     if (Q.front == Q.rear)
    63     {
    64         return TRUE;
    65     }
    66     else
    67     {
    68         return FALSE;
    69     }
    70 }
    71 void PrintQueue(SqQueue Q)
    72 {
    73     int cnt = Q.front;
    74     if (Q.front == Q.rear)
    75     {
    76         printf("void
    ");
    77         return;
    78     }
    79     while ((cnt+1)%MAXQSIZE != Q.rear)
    80     {    
    81         //printf("%d	%d
    ",Q.base[cnt++], cnt);输出好奇怪
    82         printf("%d	", Q.base[cnt]);
    83         cnt++;
    84     }
    85     printf("%d
    ", Q.base[cnt]);
    86 }
    3_4_part2.h

      存储结构用到的头文件

      1 //filename:7_2_part2.h
      2 //date:2016-6-20
      3 //author:zhaoyu
      4 //note:
      5 //----图的邻接表存储表示----
      6 #include "head.h"
      7 #include <cstdio>
      8 #include <cstdlib>
      9 #include <cstring>
     10 #define MAX_VERTEX_NUM 20
     11 #define VertexType int
     12 #define InfoType char
     13 #define Graph ALGraph
     14 typedef struct ArcNode{
     15     int adjvex;//该弧所指向的顶点位置
     16     struct ArcNode *nextarc;//指向下一条弧的指针
     17     InfoType *info;//该弧相关信息的指针
     18 }ArcNode;
     19 typedef struct VNode{
     20     VertexType data;//顶点信息
     21     ArcNode *firstarc;//指向第一条依附该顶点的弧的指针
     22 }VNode, AdjList[MAX_VERTEX_NUM];
     23 typedef struct {
     24     AdjList vertices;
     25     int vexnum, arcnum;
     26     int kind;
     27 }ALGraph;
     28 
     29 void AddNode(ALGraph &G, int v, int w)
     30 {
     31     G.vertices[v].data = v;
     32     if (NULL == G.vertices[v].firstarc)
     33     {
     34         G.vertices[v].firstarc = (ArcNode *)malloc(sizeof(ArcNode));
     35         G.vertices[v].firstarc->nextarc = NULL;
     36         G.vertices[v].firstarc->adjvex = w;
     37         G.vertices[v].firstarc->info = NULL;
     38         return;
     39     }
     40     ArcNode *temp = G.vertices[v].firstarc;
     41     while (temp->nextarc)
     42     {
     43         temp = temp->nextarc;
     44     }
     45     ArcNode *move = (ArcNode *)malloc(sizeof(ArcNode));
     46     move->nextarc = NULL;
     47     move->adjvex = w;
     48     move->info = NULL;
     49     temp->nextarc = move;
     50 }
     51 void CreateALGraph(ALGraph &G)
     52 {
     53     for (int i = 0; i < MAX_VERTEX_NUM; i++)
     54     {
     55         G.vertices[i].firstarc = NULL;
     56     }
     57     printf("input vexnum and arcnum(1~MAX):
    ");
     58     scanf("%d%d", &G.vexnum, &G.arcnum);
     59     int v, w;
     60     for (int i = 0; i < G.arcnum; i++)
     61     {
     62         scanf("%d%d", &v, &w);
     63         AddNode(G, v, w);
     64         AddNode(G, w, v);
     65     }
     66 }
     67 Status Visit(int v)
     68 {
     69     printf("%d->", v);
     70 }
     71 int FirstAdjVex(ALGraph G, int v)
     72 {
     73     if (NULL != G.vertices[v].firstarc)
     74     {
     75         return G.vertices[v].firstarc->adjvex;
     76     }
     77     else
     78     {
     79         return -1;
     80     }
     81 }
     82 int NextAdjVex(Graph G, int v, int w)
     83 {
     84     if (NULL != G.vertices[v].firstarc)
     85     {
     86         ArcNode *temp = G.vertices[v].firstarc;
     87         while (temp != NULL)
     88         {
     89             if (temp->adjvex == w)
     90             {
     91                 if (NULL != temp->nextarc)
     92                 {
     93                     return temp->nextarc->adjvex;
     94                 }
     95                 else
     96                 {
     97                     return -1;
     98                 }
     99             }
    100             temp = temp->nextarc;
    101         }
    102         return -1;
    103     }
    104     else
    105     {
    106         return -1;
    107     }
    108 }    
    7_2_part2.h

      其他

     1 //filename:7_3.h
     2 //date:2016-6-25
     3 //author:
     4 //note:仅以邻接表为例
     5 #include "7_2_part2.h"
     6 #include "3_4_part2.h"
     7 #define Boolean int
     8 #define MAX MAX_VERTEX_NUM
     9 Boolean visited[MAX];//访问标志数组
    10 Status (* VisitFunc)(int v);//函数变量
    11 /**
    12 algorithm 7.5
    13 */
    14 void DFS(Graph G, int v)
    15 {
    16     visited[v] = TRUE;
    17     VisitFunc(v);//访问第 v 个结点
    18     for (int w = FirstAdjVex(G, v); w >= 0; w = NextAdjVex(G, v, w))
    19     {
    20         if (!visited[w])
    21         {
    22             DFS(G, w);//对 v 的尚未访问的邻接顶点,递归调用 DFS
    23         }
    24     }
    25 }
    26 /**
    27 algorithm 7.4
    28 */
    29 void DFSTraverse(Graph G, Status (* Visit)(int v))
    30 {//对图 G 做深度游优先遍历
    31     VisitFunc = Visit;//使用全局变量VisitFunc,使DFS不必设函数指针参数
    32     for (int v = 0; v < G.vexnum; ++v)
    33     {
    34         visited[v] = FALSE;
    35     }
    36     for (int v = 0; v < G.vexnum; ++v)
    37     {
    38         if (!visited[v])
    39         {
    40             DFS(G, v);
    41         }
    42     }
    43     printf("  
    ");
    44 }
    45 
    46 void BFSTraverse(Graph G, Status (* Visit)(int v))
    47 {//按广度优先非递归遍历图 G,使用辅助队列 Q 和访问标志数组 visited
    48     for (int v = 0; v < G.vexnum; ++v)
    49     {
    50         visited[v] = FALSE;
    51     }
    52     SqQueue Q;
    53     InitQueue(Q);//置空的辅助队列 Q
    54     for (int v = 0; v < G.vexnum; ++v)
    55     {
    56         if (!visited[v])//v 尚未访问
    57         {
    58             visited[v] = TRUE;
    59             Visit(v);
    60             EnQueue(Q, v);// v 入队列
    61             while (!QueueEmpty(Q))
    62             {
    63                 int u = -1;
    64                 DeQueue(Q, u);//队头元素出队并置为 u
    65                 for (int w = FirstAdjVex(G, u); w >= 0; w = NextAdjVex(G, u, w))
    66                 {//w 为 u 尚未访问的邻居节点
    67                     if (!visited[w])
    68                     {
    69                         visited[w] = TRUE;
    70                         Visit(w);
    71                         EnQueue(Q, w);
    72                     }
    73                 }                
    74             }
    75         }
    76     }
    77     printf("  
    ");
    78 }
    7_3.h

      三.CPP文件

     1 #include "7_3.h"
     2 int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
     3 {
     4     ALGraph G;
     5     CreateALGraph(G);
     6     printf("DFS Traverse	");
     7     DFSTraverse(G, Visit);
     8     printf("BFS Traverse	");
     9     BFSTraverse(G, Visit);
    10     return 0;
    11 }
    7_3.cpp

      四.测试

      以书本上的图为例

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/zhaoyu1995/p/5598864.html
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