2、SpringCloud学习环境搭建：服务提供者

一、SpringCloud 学习环境搭建

1.1、介绍

• 我们会使用一个Dept部门模块做一个微服务通用案例Consumer消费者(Client)通过REST调用Provider提供者(Server)提供的服务。
• 回顾Spring，SpringMVC，Mybatis等以往学习的知识。
• Maven的分包分模块架构复习。

一个简单的Maven项目结构是这样的：

-- app-parent: 一个父项目(app-parent)聚合了很多子项目(app-utilapp-daoapp-web...)
  |-- pom.xml
  |
  |-- app-core
  ||---- pom.xml
  |
  |-- app-web
  ||---- pom.xml
  ......

一个父工程带着多个Moudule子模块

MicroServiceCloud父工程(Project)下初次带着3个子模块(Module)

• microservicecloud-api 【封装的整体entity/接口/公共配置等】
• microservicecloud-consumer-dept-80 【服务提供者】
• microservicecloud-provider-dept-8001 【服务消费者】

1.2、pringCloud版本选择

大版本说明：

SpringBoot	SpringCloud	关系
1.2.x	Angel版本(天使)	兼容SpringBoot1.2x
1.3.x	Brixton版本(布里克斯顿)	兼容SpringBoot1.3x，也兼容SpringBoot1.4x
1.4.x	Camden版本(卡姆登)	兼容SpringBoot1.4x，也兼容SpringBoot1.5x
1.5.x	Dalston版本(多尔斯顿)	兼容SpringBoot1.5x，不兼容SpringBoot2.0x
1.5.x	Edgware版本(埃奇韦尔)	兼容SpringBoot1.5x，不兼容SpringBoot2.0x
2.0.x	Finchley版本(芬奇利)	兼容SpringBoot2.0x，不兼容SpringBoot1.5x
2.1.x	Greenwich版本(格林威治)

---

实际开发版本关系：使用后两个

spring-boot-starter-parent		spring-cloud-dependencles
版本号	发布日期	版本号	发布日期
1.5.2.RELEASE	2017-03	Dalston.RC1	2017-x
1.5.9.RELEASE	2017-11	Edgware.RELEASE	2017-11
1.5.16.RELEASE	2018-04	Edgware.SR5	2018-10
1.5.20.RELEASE	2018-09	Edgware.SR5	2018-10
2.0.2.RELEASE	2018-05	Fomchiey.BULD-SNAPSHOT	2018-x
2.0.6.RELEASE	2018-10	Fomchiey-SR2	2018-10
2.1.4.RELEASE	2019-04	Greenwich.SR1	2019-03

---

  

1.3、创建父工程

• 新建空的maven父工程项目：springcloud，切记Packageing是pom模式、
• 主要是定义POM文件，将后续各个子模块公用的jar包等统一提取出来，类似一个抽象父类

父工程pom依赖：

 <!--打包方式  pom-->
 <packaging>pom</packaging>
 <properties>
     <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
     <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
     <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
     <junit.version>4.12</junit.version>
     <log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version>
     <lombok.version>1.16.18</lombok.version>
 </properties>
 <dependencyManagement>
     <dependencies>
         <dependency>
             <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
             <artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId>
             <version>0.2.0.RELEASE</version>
             <type>pom</type>
             <scope>import</scope>
         </dependency>
         <!--springCloud的依赖-->
         <dependency>
             <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
             <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
             <version>Greenwich.SR1</version>
             <type>pom</type>
             <scope>import</scope>
         </dependency>
         <!--SpringBoot-->
         <dependency>
             <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
             <artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
             <version>2.1.5.RELEASE</version>
             <type>pom</type>
             <scope>import</scope>
         </dependency>
         <!--数据库-->
         <dependency>
             <groupId>mysql</groupId>
             <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
             <version>5.1.47</version>
         </dependency>
         <dependency>
             <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
             <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
             <version>1.1.10</version>
         </dependency>
         <!--SpringBoot 启动器-->
         <dependency>
             <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
             <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
             <version>1.3.2</version>
         </dependency>
         <!--日志测试~-->
         <dependency>
             <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
             <artifactId>logback-core</artifactId>
             <version>1.2.3</version>
         </dependency>
         <dependency>
             <groupId>junit</groupId>
             <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
             <version>${junit.version}</version>
         </dependency>
         <dependency>
             <groupId>log4j</groupId>
             <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
             <version>${log4j.version}</version>
         </dependency>
         <dependency>
             <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
             <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
             <version>${lombok.version}</version>
         </dependency>
     </dependencies>
 </dependencyManagement>

数据库：建立db01数据库，下面是dept表的数据

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `dept`;
CREATE TABLE `dept` (
  `dno` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `dname` varchar(60) DEFAULT NULL,
  `db_source` varchar(60) DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`dno`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=5 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

-- ----------------------------
-- Records of dept
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `dept` VALUES ('1', '开发部', 'db01');
INSERT INTO `dept` VALUES ('2', '人事部', 'db01');
INSERT INTO `dept` VALUES ('3', '市场部', 'db01');
INSERT INTO `dept` VALUES ('4', '财务部', 'db01');

1.4、创建只管实体类的子项目 ：springcloud-01-api

pom依赖

dependencies>
   <dependency>
       <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
       <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
   </dependency>
/dependencies>

实体类

@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
@Accessors(chain = true)  //链式写法
public class Dept implements Serializable {

    private Long dno;
    private String dname;
    //这个数据存在哪个数据库的字段，微服务，一个服务对应一个数据库，同一个信息可能存在不同的数据库
    private String db_source;

    public Dept(String dname) {
        this.dname = dname;
    }
}

1.5、创建服务提供者： springcloud-provider-dept-8001

pom

<dependencies>
    <!--我们需要拿到实体类，所以要配置api moudle-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.zhixi</groupId>
        <artifactId>springcloud-01-api</artifactId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </dependency>
    <!--junit-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>junit</groupId>
        <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>mysql</groupId>
        <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
        <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
        <artifactId>logback-core</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <!--test-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-test</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jetty</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <!--热部署-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <!--Eureka-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
        <version>1.4.6.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <!--完善监控信息-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

 项目配置文件：application.yaml

server:
  port: 8001

# mybatis配置
mybatis:
  type-aliases-package: com.zhixi.pojo
  config-location: classpath:mybatis/mybatis-config.xml
  mapper-locations: classpath:mybatis/mapper/*.xml

# spring配置
spring:
  application:
    name: springcloud-provider-dept-8001
  datasource:
    type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource
    driver-class-name: org.gjt.mm.mysql.Driver
    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/db01?userSSL=false&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&serverTimezone=UTC
    username: root
    password: xxx

dao层：提供业务接口

dao/DeptDao

@Mapper
@Component
public interface DeptDao {
    // 添加用户
    boolean addDept(Dept dept);

    // 根据id查询用户
    Dept queryDeptById(Long id);

    // 查询全部部门
    List<Dept> queryAllDept();
}

mybatis/mapper/DempMapper.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.zhixi.dao.DeptDao">

    <insert id="addDept" parameterType="Dept">
        insert into dept (dname, db_source)
        values (#{d_name}, DATABASE());
    </insert>

    <select id="queryDeptById" resultType="Dept" parameterType="Long">
        select *
        from dept
        where dno = #{dno};
    </select>

    <select id="queryAllDept" resultType="Dept">
        select *
        from dept;
    </select>
</mapper>

service层

service/DeptService

@Service
public interface DeptService {
    // 添加用户
    boolean addDept(Dept dept);

    // 根据id查询用户
    Dept queryDeptById(Long id);

    // 查询全部用户
    List<Dept> queryAllDept();
}

service/DeptServiceImpl

@Service
public class DeptServiceImpl implements DeptService {

    @Autowired
    private DeptDao deptDao;

    @Override
    public boolean addDept(Dept dept) {
        return deptDao.addDept(dept);
    }

    @Override
    public Dept queryDeptById(Long id) {
        return deptDao.queryDeptById(id);
    }

    @Override
    public List<Dept> queryAllDept() {
        return deptDao.queryAllDept();
    }
}

controller：DeptController

@RestController
public class DeptController {
    @Autowired
    private DeptService deptService;

    @PostMapping("/dept/add")
    public boolean addDept(@RequestBody Dept dept) {
        return deptService.addDept(dept);
    }

    @GetMapping("/dept/query/{id}")
    public Dept queryDeptById(@PathVariable("id") Long id) {
        return deptService.queryDeptById(id);
    }

    @GetMapping("/dept/query/all")
    public List<Dept> queryDeptAll() {
        return deptService.queryAllDept();
    }
}

启动类

//启动类
@SpringBootApplication
public class DeptProvider_8001 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(DeptProvider_8001.class, args);
    }
}

测试当中的业务方法：

1.7、创建服务消费者：pringcloud-provider-dept-80

代码的耦合度极大的降低，没有了service层，然后调用服务创建者的controller执行业务~

pom.xml

<dependencies>
    <!--实体类-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.zhixi</groupId>
        <artifactId>springcloud-01-api</artifactId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </dependency>
    <!--web-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <!--热部署-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

application.yaml

server:
  port: 80

config/MyConfig：装配bean

@Configuration
public class MyConfig {
    @Bean
    // 通过rest模板去访问服务创建者的方法
    public RestTemplate restTemplate() {
        return new RestTemplate();
    }
}

controller/DeptConsumerController：执行请求

@RestController
public class DeptConsumerController {

    // 消费者不应该有service层,这里我们直接调用
    // 提供多种便捷访问http服务的方法
    @Autowired
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;

    // 没有service,所以要通过http远程方式拿到请求
    public static final String REST_URL_PREFIX = "http://localhost:8001";


    // 根据id查询
    // 通过这个请求,实际请求的是8081服务注册中的请求
    @RequestMapping("/consumer/dept/query/{id}")
    public Dept getDeptById(@PathVariable("id") Long id) {
        return restTemplate.getForObject(REST_URL_PREFIX + "/dept/query/" + id, Dept.class);
    }

    // 查询所有部门
    @RequestMapping("/consumer/dept/query/all")
    public List<Dept> getDeptAll() {
        return restTemplate.getForObject(REST_URL_PREFIX + "/dept/query/all", List.class);
    }

    // 添加部门
    // 因为在服务创建者的形参中添加了@RequestBody注解,所以在这李添加用户时能够被成功添加的
    @RequestMapping("/consumer/dept/add")
    public ResponseEntity<Boolean> addDept(Dept dept) {
        return restTemplate.postForEntity(REST_URL_PREFIX + "/dept/add", dept, boolean.class);
    }

启动类：

@SpringBootApplication
public class ConsumerRun {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(ConsumerRun.class, args);
    }
}

测试：