• spring boot实战自动配置原理分析


    通过 @SpringBootApplication 注解导入

    @SpringBootConfiguration
    @EnableAutoConfiguration
    @ComponentScan(excludeFilters = { @Filter(type = FilterType.CUSTOM, classes = TypeExcludeFilter.class),
            @Filter(type = FilterType.CUSTOM, classes = AutoConfigurationExcludeFilter.class) })
    public @interface SpringBootApplication {

    通过 @EnableAutoConfiguration 注解

    @Target({ElementType.TYPE})
    @Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
    @Documented
    @Inherited
    @AutoConfigurationPackage
    @Import({AutoConfigurationImportSelector.class})
    public @interface EnableAutoConfiguration {

    org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.AutoConfigurationImportSelector  

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

    spring 加载自动配置类依靠的是 SpringFactoriesLoader 类,该类会自动加载 ClassLoader 下所有 jar 包中的 META-INF/spring.factories 文件所配置的 Bean。

    舉例子: RabbitAutoConfiguration 配置类

    首先来看RabbitAutoConfiguration类上的注解:

    @Configuration
    @ConditionalOnClass({ RabbitTemplate.class, Channel.class })
    @EnableConfigurationProperties(RabbitProperties.class)
    @Import(RabbitAnnotationDrivenConfiguration.class)
    public class RabbitAutoConfiguration {


    @Configuration: 应该不需要解释
    @ConditionalOnClass:表示存在对应的Class文件时才会去解析RabbitAutoConfiguration,否则直接跳过不解析,这也是为什么在不导入RabbitMQ依赖Jar时工程能正常启动的原因

    @EnableConfigurationProperties:表示对@ConfigurationProperties的内嵌支持,默认会将对应Class这是为bean,例如这里值为RabbitProperties.class,其定义为:

    @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.rabbitmq")
    public class RabbitProperties {
    
    /**
    * RabbitMQ host.
    */
    private String host = "localhost";
    
    /**
    * RabbitMQ port.
    */
    private int port = 5672; .... //省略部分代码}

     


    RabbitProperties提供对RabbitMQ的配置信息,其前缀为spring.rabbitmq,因此在上篇中配置的host、port等信息会配置到该类上,

    随后@ EnableConfigurationProperties会将RabbitProperties注册为一个bean。

    @Import为导入配置,RabbitAnnotationDrivenConfiguration具体实现如下:

    @Configuration
    @ConditionalOnClass(EnableRabbit.class)
    class RabbitAnnotationDrivenConfiguration {
    
    @Autowired(required = false)
    private PlatformTransactionManager transactionManager;
    
    @Bean
    @ConditionalOnMissingBean(name = "rabbitListenerContainerFactory")
    public SimpleRabbitListenerContainerFactory rabbitListenerContainerFactory(
    ConnectionFactory connectionFactory) {
    SimpleRabbitListenerContainerFactory factory = new SimpleRabbitListenerContainerFactory();
    factory.setConnectionFactory(connectionFactory);
    if (this.transactionManager != null) {
    factory.setTransactionManager(this.transactionManager);
    }
    return factory;
    }
    
    @EnableRabbit
    @ConditionalOnMissingBean(name = RabbitListenerConfigUtils.RABBIT_LISTENER_ANNOTATION_PROCESSOR_BEAN_NAME)
    protected static class EnableRabbitConfiguration {
    
    }
    
    }

     

    这里又涉及到一个重要的注解:@ConditionalOnMissingBean,其功能为如果存在指定name的bean,则该注解标注的bean不创建,
    @ConditionalOnMissingBean(name = "rabbitListenerContainerFactory")
    表示的意思为:如果存在名称为rabbitListenerContainerFactory的bean,则该部分代码直接忽略,这是Spring Boot人性化体现之一,开发者申明的bean会放在第一位,实在是太懂礼貌了~~

    本篇中涉及到的注解比较多,其具体实现原理在以后有时间再具体分析。

    再回到RabbitAutoConfiguration类的具体实现
    首先来看:

    @Configuration
    @ConditionalOnMissingBean(ConnectionFactory.class)
    protected static class RabbitConnectionFactoryCreator {
    
    @Bean
    public ConnectionFactory rabbitConnectionFactory(RabbitProperties config) {
    CachingConnectionFactory factory = new CachingConnectionFactory();
    String addresses = config.getAddresses();
    factory.setAddresses(addresses);
    if (config.getHost() != null) {
    factory.setHost(config.getHost());
    factory.setPort(config.getPort());
    }
    if (config.getUsername() != null) {
    factory.setUsername(config.getUsername());
    }
    if (config.getPassword() != null) {
    factory.setPassword(config.getPassword());
    }
    if (config.getVirtualHost() != null) {
    factory.setVirtualHost(config.getVirtualHost());
    }
    return factory;
    }
    
    }
    
    
    创建了默认的ConnectionFactory,需要注意的时,这里的ConnectionFactory无回调的设置(解答了上篇中的疑问)
    
    @Bean
    @ConditionalOnMissingBean(RabbitTemplate.class)
    public RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate() {
    return new RabbitTemplate(this.connectionFactory);
    }

    创建了默认的RabbitTemplate;下面创建的RabbitMessagingTemplate实现对 RabbitTemplate的包装。

     

     

     

    @SpringBootApplication => @EnableAutoConfiguration =>@Import(
    AutoConfigurationImportSelector(自动配置文件收集器)

    1. 通过AutoConfigurationImportSelector.selectImports() 其中主要逻辑是
    通过SpringFactoriesLoader的FactoryClassNames 获取 springBoot 默认配置的自动注入配置类的说有全路径名(EnableAutoConfiguration) 放入list 中)
    => 通过反射实例化到spring的上下文。

     

    注意
    1. 自动注入 只注入 META-INF/spring.factories 中 key = org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration
    2. 我们自己写主动注入的时候必须要在 写 META-INF/spring.factories 中 key = org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/xiaowangbangzhu/p/15819735.html
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