• 线程之间的通信


    一、常见的锁的概念(需要了解在什么场景下使用)
      1.公平锁和非公平锁
      2.独占锁和非共享锁
      3.乐观锁和悲观锁
      4.重入锁
      5.自旋锁
      6.读写锁
    二、读写锁
      1.写锁重入的状态 (低16位保存写锁的个数)
      2.读锁的个数    (高16位保存读锁的个数)
      3.每个读锁重入的状态
    三、Condition(指定叫醒某个线程) 的使用以及说明啊
      1.方法await()、singal()
      2.
    四、join线程通信
      
    五、ThreadLocal的使用

    六、CountDownLatch(只有到0的时候才会释放锁)

    七、CyclcBarrier()

    八、Semaphore
      acquire()、release()

    九、FutureTask
      Callable、Future(可以获得线程的结果)、FutureTask

    十、HashMap(扩容时候线程不安全,容易出现死循环)、ConcurrentHashMap(线程是安全的)
      
      HashMap key和Value可以为空、线程不安全
      ConcurrentHashMap key和value不可以为空、线程安全
      当一定长度超过8时候,有链表(O(N))变为红黑树(O(N*logN)),时间复杂度大大提升




      





    package com.example.lib;

    import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
    import java.util.concurrent.locks.AbstractQueuedLongSynchronizer;
    import java.util.concurrent.locks.Condition;
    import java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock;

    public class MyLock implements Lock {
    private Help help = new Help();

    @Override
    public void lock() {
    help.acquire(1);
    }

    @Override
    public void lockInterruptibly() throws InterruptedException {
    help.acquireInterruptibly(1);
    }

    @Override
    public boolean tryLock() {
    return help.tryAcquire(1);
    }

    @Override
    public boolean tryLock(long l, TimeUnit timeUnit) throws InterruptedException {
    return help.tryAcquireNanos(1,timeUnit.toNanos(l));
    }

    @Override
    public void unlock() {
    help.release(1);
    }

    @Override
    public Condition newCondition() {
    return help.newCondition() ;
    }

    private class Help extends AbstractQueuedLongSynchronizer{
    @Override
    protected boolean tryAcquire(long l) {
    //第一个线程进来,可以拿到锁,因此我们可以返回true

    //如果第二个线程进来,拿不到锁,返回false
    //如果当前进来的线程和当前保存的线程是同一个线程,则可以拿到锁的

    //如何判断是第一个线程还是其他线程
    long state = getState();
    Thread thread = Thread.currentThread();
    if(state == 0){
    if(compareAndSetState(0, l)){
    setExclusiveOwnerThread(thread);
    return true;
    }
    }else if (getExclusiveOwnerThread() == thread){
    setState(state+1);
    return true;
    }
    return false;
    }

    @Override
    protected boolean tryRelease(long l) {
    //锁的获取和释放一一对应的,调用该线程一定是当前线程
    if(Thread.currentThread() != getExclusiveOwnerThread()){
    return false;
    }

    long state = getState() - l;
    boolean flag = false;
    if(state == 0){
    setExclusiveOwnerThread(null);
    flag = true;
    }
    setState(state);
    return flag;
    }

    Condition newCondition(){
    return new ConditionObject();
    }
    }
    }






    package com.example.lib;

    public class MyClass {
    private int value = 0;
    private MyLock lock = new MyLock();

    public void a(){
    lock.lock();
    System.out.println("a");
    b();
    lock.unlock();
    }

    public void b(){
    lock.lock();
    System.out.println("b");
    lock.unlock();
    }

    public int next(){
    lock.lock();
    try {
    Thread.sleep(300);
    return value++;
    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
    throw new RuntimeException();
    }finally {
    lock.unlock();
    }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args){
    final MyClass myClass = new MyClass();
    new Thread(new Runnable() {
    @Override
    public void run() {
    while (true){
    myClass.a();
    //System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getId()
    //+ "" + myClass.next());
    }
    }
    }).start();

    }
    }
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/liunx1109/p/11595186.html
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