虚拟主机功能：一台物理服务器分割为多个“虚拟的服务器”，实现一台物理服务器部署多个网站的功能。
方式：
- 基于IP地址
- 基于主机域名
- 基于端口号
以下实验完成基于IP地址的虚拟主机功能，使用两台虚拟机完成，PC1为服务器端，IP设定为3个（192.168.10.100,192.168.10.101,192.168.10.102），PC2为客户机端，IP设为1个,192.168.10.20.
1、在PC1服务器端安装apache服务
[root@PC1 ~]# yum install httpd -y
Loaded plugins: langpacks, product-id, subscription-manager
This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.
Repodata is over 2 weeks old. Install yum-cron? Or run: yum makecache fast
rhel7 | 4.1 kB 00:00
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package httpd.x86_64 0:2.4.6-17.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: httpd-tools = 2.4.6-17.el7 for package: httpd-2.4.6-17.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: /etc/mime.types for package: httpd-2.4.6-17.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libapr-1.so.0()(64bit) for package: httpd-2.4.6-17.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libaprutil-1.so.0()(64bit) for package: httpd-2.4.6-17.el7.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package apr.x86_64 0:1.4.8-3.el7 will be installed
---> Package apr-util.x86_64 0:1.5.2-6.el7 will be installed
---> Package httpd-tools.x86_64 0:2.4.6-17.el7 will be installed
---> Package mailcap.noarch 0:2.1.41-2.el7 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
================================================================================
Installing:
httpd x86_64 2.4.6-17.el7 rhel7 1.2 M
Installing for dependencies:
apr x86_64 1.4.8-3.el7 rhel7 103 k
apr-util x86_64 1.5.2-6.el7 rhel7 92 k
httpd-tools x86_64 2.4.6-17.el7 rhel7 77 k
mailcap noarch 2.1.41-2.el7 rhel7 31 k
Transaction Summary
================================================================================
Install 1 Package (+4 Dependent packages)
Total download size: 1.5 M
Installed size: 4.3 M
Downloading packages:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 6.0 MB/s | 1.5 MB 00:00
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
Installing : apr-1.4.8-3.el7.x86_64 1/5
Installing : apr-util-1.5.2-6.el7.x86_64 2/5
Installing : httpd-tools-2.4.6-17.el7.x86_64 3/5
Installing : mailcap-2.1.41-2.el7.noarch 4/5
Installing : httpd-2.4.6-17.el7.x86_64 5/5
rhel7/productid | 1.6 kB 00:00
Verifying : mailcap-2.1.41-2.el7.noarch 1/5
Verifying : httpd-tools-2.4.6-17.el7.x86_64 2/5
Verifying : apr-1.4.8-3.el7.x86_64 3/5
Verifying : apr-util-1.5.2-6.el7.x86_64 4/5
Verifying : httpd-2.4.6-17.el7.x86_64 5/5
Installed:
httpd.x86_64 0:2.4.6-17.el7
Dependency Installed:
apr.x86_64 0:1.4.8-3.el7 apr-util.x86_64 0:1.5.2-6.el7
httpd-tools.x86_64 0:2.4.6-17.el7 mailcap.noarch 0:2.1.41-2.el7
Complete!
2、在PC1服务器端创建网站数据目录及网站首页数据
[root@PC1 ~]# mkdir /home/wwwroot
[root@PC1 ~]# mkdir -p /home/wwwroot/100
[root@PC1 ~]# mkdir -p /home/wwwroot/101
[root@PC1 ~]# mkdir -p /home/wwwroot/102[root@PC1 ~]# echo "here is 192.168.10.100" > /home/wwwroot/100/index.html
[root@PC1 ~]# echo "here is 192.168.10.101" > /home/wwwroot/101/index.html
[root@PC1 ~]# echo "here is 192.168.10.102" > /home/wwwroot/102/index.html
3、在PC1服务器端修改apache服务的主配置文件
…………
112 # 113 <VirtualHost 192.168.10.100> 114 DocumentRoot /home/wwwroot/100 115 ServerName xxxxx 116 <Directory /home/wwwroot/100 > 117 AllowOverride None 118 Require all granted 119 </Directory> 120 </VirtualHost> 121 <VirtualHost 192.168.10.101> 122 DocumentRoot /home/wwwroot/101 123 ServerName xxxxx 124 <Directory /home/wwwroot/101 > 125 AllowOverride None 126 Require all granted 127 </Directory> 128 </VirtualHost> 129 <VirtualHost 192.168.10.102> 130 DocumentRoot /home/wwwroot/102 131 ServerName xxxxx 132 <Directory /home/wwwroot/102 > 133 AllowOverride None 134 Require all granted 135 </Directory> 136 </VirtualHost> 137 # 138 # DocumentRoot: The directory out of which you will serve your
…………
4、在PC1服务器端重启apache服务
[root@PC1 ~]# systemctl restart httpd
[root@PC1 ~]# systemctl status httpd | head -n 5
httpd.service - The Apache HTTP Server
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service; disabled)
Active: active (running) since Thu 2020-12-17 20:52:31 CST; 11s ago
Main PID: 32509 (httpd)
Status: "Total requests: 0; Current requests/sec: 0; Current traffic: 0 B/sec"
5、在PC1服务器端清空防火墙策略并保存服务
[root@PC1 ~]# iptables -F
[root@PC1 ~]# service iptables save
iptables: Saving firewall rules to /etc/sysconfig/iptables:[ OK ]
6、在PC2端测试与PC1服务器网络的连通性
[root@PC2 network-scripts]# ifconfig | head -n 5
eno16777728: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 192.168.10.20 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.10.255
inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe25:bb3e prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether 00:0c:29:25:bb:3e txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 104 bytes 31812 (31.0 KiB)
[root@PC2 network-scripts]# ping -c 3 192.168.10.100
PING 192.168.10.100 (192.168.10.100) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 192.168.10.100: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.380 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.10.100: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.226 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.10.100: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.257 ms
--- 192.168.10.100 ping statistics ---
3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 2000ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.226/0.287/0.380/0.069 ms
[root@PC2 network-scripts]# ping -c 3 192.168.10.101
PING 192.168.10.101 (192.168.10.101) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 192.168.10.101: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.236 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.10.101: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.223 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.10.101: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.218 ms
--- 192.168.10.101 ping statistics ---
3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 1999ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.218/0.225/0.236/0.018 ms
[root@PC2 network-scripts]# ping -c 3 192.168.10.102
PING 192.168.10.102 (192.168.10.102) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 192.168.10.102: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.275 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.10.102: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.223 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.10.102: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.228 ms
--- 192.168.10.102 ping statistics ---
3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 2001ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.223/0.242/0.275/0.023 ms
7、在PC2客户机端测试PC1基于IP地址部署的网站
8、在PC1服务器端修改网站数据目录及网站首页数据文件的SELinux上下文值
[root@PC1 ~]# ls -ldZ /var/www/html/
drwxr-xr-x. root root system_u:object_r:httpd_sys_content_t:s0 /var/www/html/
[root@PC1 ~]# ls -ldZ /home/wwwroot/100/
drwxr-xr-x. root root unconfined_u:object_r:home_root_t:s0 /home/wwwroot/100/
[root@PC1 ~]# semanage fcontext -a -t httpd_sys_content_t /home/wwwroot/100
[root@PC1 ~]# semanage fcontext -a -t httpd_sys_content_t /home/wwwroot/100/*
[root@PC1 ~]# semanage fcontext -a -t httpd_sys_content_t /home/wwwroot/101
[root@PC1 ~]# semanage fcontext -a -t httpd_sys_content_t /home/wwwroot/101/*
[root@PC1 ~]# semanage fcontext -a -t httpd_sys_content_t /home/wwwroot/102
[root@PC1 ~]# semanage fcontext -a -t httpd_sys_content_t /home/wwwroot/102/*
[root@PC1 ~]# restorecon -Rv /home/wwwroot/
restorecon reset /home/wwwroot context unconfined_u:object_r:home_root_t:s0->unconfined_u:object_r:user_home_dir_t:s0
restorecon reset /home/wwwroot/100 context unconfined_u:object_r:home_root_t:s0->unconfined_u:object_r:httpd_sys_content_t:s0
restorecon reset /home/wwwroot/100/index.html context unconfined_u:object_r:home_root_t:s0->unconfined_u:object_r:httpd_sys_content_t:s0
restorecon reset /home/wwwroot/101 context unconfined_u:object_r:home_root_t:s0->unconfined_u:object_r:httpd_sys_content_t:s0
restorecon reset /home/wwwroot/101/index.html context unconfined_u:object_r:home_root_t:s0->unconfined_u:object_r:httpd_sys_content_t:s0
restorecon reset /home/wwwroot/102 context unconfined_u:object_r:home_root_t:s0->unconfined_u:object_r:httpd_sys_content_t:s0
restorecon reset /home/wwwroot/102/index.html context unconfined_u:object_r:home_root_t:s0->unconfined_u:object_r:httpd_sys_content_t:s0
[root@PC1 ~]# ls -ldZ /home/wwwroot/100/
drwxr-xr-x. root root unconfined_u:object_r:httpd_sys_content_t:s0 /home/wwwroot/100/
9、在PC1服务器端修改SELinux服务的域服务
[root@PC1 ~]# getsebool -a | grep http
httpd_anon_write --> off
httpd_builtin_scripting --> on
httpd_can_check_spam --> off
httpd_can_connect_ftp --> off
httpd_can_connect_ldap --> off
httpd_can_connect_mythtv --> off
httpd_can_connect_zabbix --> off
httpd_can_network_connect --> off
httpd_can_network_connect_cobbler --> off
httpd_can_network_connect_db --> off
httpd_can_network_memcache --> off
httpd_can_network_relay --> off
httpd_can_sendmail --> off
httpd_dbus_avahi --> off
httpd_dbus_sssd --> off
httpd_dontaudit_search_dirs --> off
httpd_enable_cgi --> on
httpd_enable_ftp_server --> off
httpd_enable_homedirs --> off
httpd_execmem --> off
httpd_graceful_shutdown --> on
httpd_manage_ipa --> off
httpd_mod_auth_ntlm_winbind --> off
httpd_mod_auth_pam --> off
httpd_read_user_content --> off
httpd_run_stickshift --> off
httpd_serve_cobbler_files --> off
httpd_setrlimit --> off
httpd_ssi_exec --> off
httpd_sys_script_anon_write --> off
httpd_tmp_exec --> off
httpd_tty_comm --> off
httpd_unified --> off
httpd_use_cifs --> off
httpd_use_fusefs --> off
httpd_use_gpg --> off
httpd_use_nfs --> off
httpd_use_openstack --> off
httpd_use_sasl --> off
httpd_verify_dns --> off
named_tcp_bind_http_port --> off
prosody_bind_http_port --> off
[root@PC1 ~]# setsebool -P httpd_enable_homedirs=on
[root@PC1 ~]# getsebool -a | grep http
httpd_anon_write --> off
httpd_builtin_scripting --> on
httpd_can_check_spam --> off
httpd_can_connect_ftp --> off
httpd_can_connect_ldap --> off
httpd_can_connect_mythtv --> off
httpd_can_connect_zabbix --> off
httpd_can_network_connect --> off
httpd_can_network_connect_cobbler --> off
httpd_can_network_connect_db --> off
httpd_can_network_memcache --> off
httpd_can_network_relay --> off
httpd_can_sendmail --> off
httpd_dbus_avahi --> off
httpd_dbus_sssd --> off
httpd_dontaudit_search_dirs --> off
httpd_enable_cgi --> on
httpd_enable_ftp_server --> off
httpd_enable_homedirs --> on
httpd_execmem --> off
httpd_graceful_shutdown --> on
httpd_manage_ipa --> off
httpd_mod_auth_ntlm_winbind --> off
httpd_mod_auth_pam --> off
httpd_read_user_content --> off
httpd_run_stickshift --> off
httpd_serve_cobbler_files --> off
httpd_setrlimit --> off
httpd_ssi_exec --> off
httpd_sys_script_anon_write --> off
httpd_tmp_exec --> off
httpd_tty_comm --> off
httpd_unified --> off
httpd_use_cifs --> off
httpd_use_fusefs --> off
httpd_use_gpg --> off
httpd_use_nfs --> off
httpd_use_openstack --> off
httpd_use_sasl --> off
httpd_verify_dns --> off
named_tcp_bind_http_port --> off
prosody_bind_http_port --> off
9、在PC2端测试PC1基于IP地址部署的多个网站
以上实验实现了在PC1服务器端基于IP地址（虚拟主机功能）部署了三个网站。