java 错误: 未报告的异常错误Exception; 必须对其进行捕获或声明以便抛出

import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.util.Properties;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.Statement;

public class ExecuteDML{
    private String driver;
    private String url;
    private String user;
    private String pass;
    
    public void initParam(String paramFile) throws Exception{
        Properties props = new Properties();
        props.load(new FileInputStream(paramFile));
        driver = props.getProperty("driver");
        url = props.getProperty("url");
        user = props.getProperty("user");
        pass = props.getProperty("pass");
    }
    
    public int insertData(String sql) throws Exception{
        //加载驱动
        Class.forName(driver);
        try(
            //获取数据库连接
            Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, user, pass);
            //使用Connection来创建一个Statement对象
            Statement stmt = conn.createStatement()){
                //执行SQL语句，返回受影响的记录条数
                return stmt.executeUpdate(sql);
            }
    }
    
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ExecuteDML ed = new ExecuteDML();
        ed.initParam("mysql.ini");
        int result = ed.insertData("insert into jdbc_test(jdbc_name,jdbc_desc)"
            + "select s.student_name , t.teacher_name "
            + "from student_table s , teacher_table t "
            + "where s.java_teacher = t.teacher_id;");
        System.out.println("------系统中一共有" + result + "条记录受影响------");
    }
}

出错是因为，对initParam()方法和insertData()方法抛出的异常没有进行处理，解决办法：

　　1.main()方法中在try...catch块中调用initParam()和insertData()方法

　　2.main()方法throws抛出异常。

import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.util.Properties;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.Statement;

public class ExecuteDML{
    private String driver;
    private String url;
    private String user;
    private String pass;
    
    public void initParam(String paramFile) throws Exception{
        Properties props = new Properties();
        props.load(new FileInputStream(paramFile));
        driver = props.getProperty("driver");
        url = props.getProperty("url");
        user = props.getProperty("user");
        pass = props.getProperty("pass");
    }
    
    public int insertData(String sql) throws Exception{
        //加载驱动
        Class.forName(driver);
        try(
            //获取数据库连接
            Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, user, pass);
            //使用Connection来创建一个Statement对象
            Statement stmt = conn.createStatement()){
                //执行SQL语句，返回受影响的记录条数
                return stmt.executeUpdate(sql);
            }
    }
    
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
        ExecuteDML ed = new ExecuteDML();
        ed.initParam("mysql.ini");
        int result = ed.insertData("insert into jdbc_test(jdbc_name,jdbc_desc)"
            + "select s.student_name , t.teacher_name "
            + "from student_table s , teacher_table t "
            + "where s.java_teacher = t.teacher_id;");
        System.out.println("------系统中一共有" + result + "条记录受影响------");
    }
}