# 背景
在实际项目中,接口出于安全考虑,都会有验签的计算。目前接触的项目来看基本都是时间戳+干扰因子 然后md5计算的方式。现在学习,写一个简单demo,
其实如果不引入拦截器的话,验签计算全部在controller层实现也是可以的,但每个请求都需要去做一次计算,这种把公共功能的抽离,针对于所有请求前的判断,个人感觉有点切面的意思;
# DEMO
核心点:
1. controller层还是和原来的一模一样,不做修改
2. 创建一个ApiSignInterceptor 类 ,实现HandlerInterceptor 接口,完成 验签计算的核心代码;
3. 创建一个WebConfig类,继承WebMvcConfigurationSupport类,引入步骤2中创建的拦截器;
前言:
jdk8+spring boot2.0 版本 如果低版本些许不一致
show CODE
controller层:
@RestController public class PeopleController { @GetMapping(value = "/1/people/{people_id}") public String getPeopleInfo(@PathVariable(value = "people_id", required = true) String peopleId) { return "hello world, this is people info of " + peopleId; } @GetMapping(value = "/2/people/{people_id}") public String getPeopleInfoV2(@PathVariable(value = "people_id", required = true) String peopleId) { return "hello THIS is v2 world, this is people info V2 of " + peopleId; } }
没有任何变化,简单demo例子
拦截器,ApiSignInterceptor :
public class ApiSignInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor { private final static String SEPERATOR = "_"; private final static String SECRET = "jwentest"; private final static String NO_PERMISSION_ERROR_MESSAGE = "Api Token Error, You have no permission to access this api"; // md5计算 private String md5Hex(String data) { return DigestUtils.md5Hex(data).toLowerCase(); } private String getSign(String t) { return md5Hex(t + SEPERATOR + SECRET); } // sign计算,t为时间戳,sign为md5(t+"_"+"jwentest") @Override public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception { try { String t = request.getParameter("t"); String sign = request.getParameter("sign"); if (t.isEmpty() || sign.isEmpty()) { response.sendError(403, NO_PERMISSION_ERROR_MESSAGE); return false; } String expectedSign = getSign(t); if (!expectedSign.equals(sign)) { response.sendError(403, NO_PERMISSION_ERROR_MESSAGE); return false; } } catch (Throwable t) { response.sendError(403, NO_PERMISSION_ERROR_MESSAGE); return false; } return true; } }
其中HandlerInterceptor 接口定义了三个方法,第一次看到我有点懵逼了,为啥接口定义的方法里面会有方法体呢,为什么可以不实现所有的方法了的,原因是JDK8中可以这样写了:
default boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception { return true; } default void postHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, @Nullable ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception { } default void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, @Nullable Exception ex) throws Exception { }
本次我们使用到的是preHandle方法,三个方法的执行顺序如下:
preHandler -> Controller -> postHandler -> model渲染-> afterCompletion
因此可以在进入controller层之前拦截判断是否符合我们的安全要求;
使用,WebConfig 类:
@Configuration public class WebConfig extends WebMvcConfigurationSupport { @Override protected void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry) { registry.addInterceptor(new ApiSignInterceptor()).addPathPatterns("/1/people/**").excludePathPatterns("/2/people/**"); super.addInterceptors(registry); } }
这里是在项目引入拦截器,
@Configuration ,config形式加载在容器中
其中addPathPatterns 和 excludePathPatterns 方法,从方法名就可以看出来,是针对拦截器的范围控制,上面的代码就是针对/1/people/** 生效,对/2/people/** 不生效
目录结构如下: