实验仍未成功，步骤仅供参考。
1：首先检查一下在Linux操作系统下Oracle数据库是否能启动，是否能连通等
[oracle@localhost ~]$ sqlplus
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Tue Mar 25 02:17:32 2014
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Enter user-name: sys as sysdba
Enter password:
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
SQL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
创建操作系统级别的ArcSDE用户
[oracle@localhost ~]$ su root
Password:
[root@localhost oracle]# useradd -d /home/gis -G oinstall -m gis
[root@localhost oracle]# passwd gis
Changing password for user gis.
New password: (jhl123)
BAD PASSWORD: it is based on a dictionary word
BAD PASSWORD: is too simple
Retype new password:
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
[root@localhost oracle]# su gis
创建SDE的用户、表空间、赋予权限，查看一下相关的SQL文件
'/home/oracle/app/oradata/orcl/sde.dbf'保证该文件夹存在，系统不会自动创建该文件夹,确保Oracle用户对建立sde.dbf路径的文件夹有读写的权限
prompt * Granting of permissions by the SYS user in Oracle, on two packages prompt * to the public role. grant execute on dbms_pipe to public; grant execute on dbms_lock to public; prompt * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * prompt * ArcSDE NEW INSTALLATION * prompt * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * prompt * Connect as system/sys to create the sde // system用户名密码 prompt * tablespace and user. connect sys/sys as sysdba //sys用户名密码 prompt * Create the sde tablespace. prompt * Before you run this script update LOCATION for the desired datafile pathname. //创建SDE表空间，路径需要注意 create tablespace sde datafile '/home/oracle/app/oradata/orcl/sde.dbf' size 400M extent management local uniform size 512K; prompt * Create the sde user prompt * The password for the sde user is set to "sde". You may prompt * change this if you wish. create user sde identified by sde default tablespace sde temporary tablespace temp; prompt * Granting the required privileges to the sde user. grant CREATE SESSION to sde; grant CREATE TABLE to sde; grant CREATE PROCEDURE to sde; grant CREATE SEQUENCE to sde; grant CREATE TRIGGER to sde; grant CREATE TYPE to sde; grant CREATE LIBRARY to sde; grant CREATE PUBLIC SYNONYM to sde; grant CREATE OPERATOR to sde; grant CREATE INDEXTYPE to sde; grant DROP PUBLIC SYNONYM to sde; grant CREATE VIEW to sde; prompt * UNLIMITED TABLESPACE is not required. Grant this privilege prompt * if you do not wish to explicitly manage and grant tablespace quota to SDE user. grant UNLIMITED TABLESPACE to sde; prompt * ADMINISTER DATABASE TRIGGER can be revoked after install grant ADMINISTER DATABASE TRIGGER to sde; exit;
把以上语句保存为一个createsde.sql的文件，放在/opt目录下，注意目录权限即可，执行
[oracle@localhost ~]$ sqlplus
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Tue Mar 25 18:30:23 2014 Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved. Enter user-name: sys as sysdba Enter password: Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options SQL> @ /opt/createsde.sql 得到以下信息： * Granting of permissions by the SYS user in Oracle, on two packages * to the public role. Grant succeeded. Grant succeeded. * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * ArcSDE NEW INSTALLATION * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Connect as system/sys to create the sde * tablespace and user. Connected. * Create the sde tablespace. * Before you run this script update LOCATION for the desired datafile pathname. Grant succeeded. Tablespace created. * Create the sde user * The password for the sde user is set to "sde". You may * change this if you wish. User created. * Granting the required privileges to the sde user. Grant succeeded. Grant succeeded. Grant succeeded. Grant succeeded. Grant succeeded. Grant succeeded. Grant succeeded. Grant succeeded. Grant succeeded. Grant succeeded. Grant succeeded. Grant succeeded. * UNLIMITED TABLESPACE is not required. Grant this privilege * if you do not wish to explicitly manage and grant tablespace quota to SDE user. Grant succeeded. * ADMINISTER DATABASE TRIGGER can be revoked after install Grant succeeded. Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
测试sde用户是否可以连通
[oracle@localhost ~]$ sqlplus
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Tue Mar 25 18:53:43 2014
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Enter user-name: sde
Enter password: (sde)
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
安装ArcSDE
Sde安装文件路径/opt/sde
进入/opt/sde/linux/oracle11g_64，找到install文件 
，右键properties，修改下权限Permissions，勾选Allow executing file as program.
输入命令如下：
[root@localhost sde]# cd /opt/sde/linux/oracle11g_64
[root@localhost oracle11g_64]# ./install –load
[root@localhost oracle11g_64]# ./install -load
ESRI is willing to license the software to you only if you accept and agree to the enclosed license agreement. If you have read and agree with the terms in the enclosed license agreement type 'yes' to continue the installation process, if not press <return> or type 'no' to exit installation process. [no] yes
Press <return> to take the default, '?' for help, '^' to return to
the previous question, or 'q' to quit.
Enter media mount point: [/mediamnt] /opt/sde
Select which product to load by entering the product number.
1 - /opt/sde/hpia/commands_64
2 - /opt/sde/hpia/oracle10g_64
3 - /opt/sde/hpia/oracle11g_64
4 - /opt/sde/ibm/commands_64
5 - /opt/sde/ibm/db2_64
6 - /opt/sde/ibm/informix_64
7 - /opt/sde/ibm/oracle10g_64
8 - /opt/sde/ibm/oracle11g_64
9 - /opt/sde/linux/commands_64
10 - /opt/sde/linux/db2_64
11 - /opt/sde/linux/informix_64
12 - /opt/sde/linux/oracle10g_64
13 - /opt/sde/linux/oracle11g_64
14 - /opt/sde/linux/pg_64
15 - /opt/sde/solaris/commands_64
16 - /opt/sde/solaris/db2_64
17 - /opt/sde/solaris/informix_64
18 - /opt/sde/solaris/oracle10g_64
19 - /opt/sde/solaris/oracle11g_64
Enter product number to load: [1] 13
Enter pathname to install directory: [/opt/sde/linux/oracle11g_64] /home/gis //sde用户目录
ArcSDE version 10.1 for Oracle11g - Apr 5, 2012
-------------------------------------------------
Choices are:
1 Application Server
2 Command Line Tools
Package numbers to load: [all] all
Package selection complete
--------------------------
You have chosen the following packages to be loaded
ArcSDE Product
Application Server
Command Line Tools
Is this correct? [yes] yes
Total size of chosen packages in megabytes: 262.6
Available space in megabytes: 19732.0
List file names while loading? [no] yes
Loading package(s), Please wait...
sdeexe101/bin/giomgr sdeexe101/bin/gsrvr sdeexe101/bin/sdemon sdeexe101/bin/sderemote sdeexe101/etc/dbinit.sde sdeexe101/etc/dbtune.sde sdeexe101/etc/services.sde sdeexe101/lib/libicudata.so sdeexe101/lib/libicudata.so.44 sdeexe101/lib/libicudata.so.44.2 sdeexe101/lib/libicuuc.so sdeexe101/lib/libicuuc.so.44 sdeexe101/lib/libicuuc.so.44.2 sdeexe101/lib/libicui18n.so sdeexe101/lib/libicui18n.so.44 sdeexe101/lib/libicui18n.so.44.2 sdeexe101/lib/libxerces-c.so sdeexe101/lib/libxerces-c-3.1.so sdeexe101/lib/libtiff.so sdeexe101/lib/libpe.so sdeexe101/lib/libsg.so sdeexe101/lib/libsde.so sdeexe101/lib/libsdeora11gsrvr101.so sdeexe101/lib/libgsrvrora11g101.so Documentation/ Documentation/Admin_Cmd_Ref/ Documentation/Admin_Cmd_Ref/admincmdref.htm Documentation/Admin_Cmd_Ref/Support_files/ Documentation/Admin_Cmd_Ref/Support_files/admincmd94.log Documentation/Admin_Cmd_Ref/Support_files/admincmdref.htm Documentation/Admin_Cmd_Ref/Support_files/admincmdref_csh.htm 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sdeexe101/lib/layers_util.sps sdeexe101/lib/layers_util.spb sdeexe101/lib/rastercolumns_util.sps sdeexe101/lib/rastercolumns_util.spb sdeexe101/lib/metadata_util.sps sdeexe101/lib/metadata_util.spb sdeexe101/lib/registry_util.sps sdeexe101/lib/registry_util.spb sdeexe101/lib/sref_util.sps sdeexe101/lib/sref_util.spb sdeexe101/lib/locator_util.sps sdeexe101/lib/locator_util.spb sdeexe101/lib/pinfo_util.sps sdeexe101/lib/pinfo_util.spb sdeexe101/lib/lock_util.sps sdeexe101/lib/lock_util.spb sdeexe101/lib/dbtune_util.sps sdeexe101/lib/dbtune_util.spb sdeexe101/lib/version_user_ddl.sps sdeexe101/lib/version_user_ddl.spb sdeexe101/lib/sdo_util.sps sdeexe101/lib/sdo_util.spb sdeexe101/lib/xml_util.sps sdeexe101/lib/xml_util.spb sdeexe101/lib/logfile_util.sps sdeexe101/lib/logfile_util.spb sdeexe101/lib/instances_util.sps sdeexe101/lib/instances_util.spb sdeexe101/lib/st_domain_methods.stb sdeexe101/lib/st_domain_methods_10g.stb sdeexe101/lib/st_domain_methods.sts 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sdeexe101/lib/libgsrvrora11g101.so sdeexe101/lib/libsdesetup.so sdeexe101/lib/libst_shapelib.so sdeexe101/lib/libst_raster_ora.so Finished loading package(s) Exiting...
根据用户软件安装的位置以及Oracle软件安装的信息，添加sde用户的环境变量
[gis@localhost ~]$ vi .bash_profile
按i进行编辑，原有的PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin export PATH行前加#注释。加入下面红色部分。
# .bash_profile
# Get the aliases and functions
if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
. ~/.bashrc
fi
# User specific environment and startup programs
#PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin
export ORACLE_BASE=/home/oracle/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1
export ORACLE_SID=orcl
export TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin
export SDEHOME=/home/gis/sdeexe101
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$SDEHOME/lib:/usr/lib:/lib:$ORACLE_HOME/lib
export PATH=$PATH:$HOME:$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$SDEHOME/bin
#export PATH
~
~ /home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/lib
~
~
输入:wq进行保存。
修改完毕环境变量，使之生效，然后测试一下是否生效
[gis@localhost ~]$ . ./.bash_profile
[gis@localhost ~]$ echo $SDEHOME
/home/gis/sdeexe101
[gis@localhost ~]$ cd $SDEHOME
[gis@localhost sdeexe101]$ pwd
/home/gis/sdeexe101
[gis@localhost sdeexe101]$
修改配置文件参数，在ArcSDE用户下修改$SDEHOME/etc/services.sde文件添加实例名和端口号
[gis@localhost ~]$ cd /home/gis/sdeexe101/etc
[gis@localhost etc]$ vi services.sde
按i进行编辑，把#esri_sde 5151/tcp这行前#去掉即可， 输入:wq保存
在Root用户下/etc/services文件一样添加
修改gis目录权限
[gis@localhost etc]$ su root
Password:
[root@localhost etc]# chown -R gis:oinstall /home/gis
[root@localhost etc]# chmod -R 755 /home/gis
[root@localhost etc]# su gis
[gis@localhost etc]$ cd $SDEHOME
[gis@localhost sdeexe101]$ ll
total 16
drwxr-xr-x. 2 gis oinstall 4096 Mar 25 19:10 bin
drwxr-xr-x. 2 gis oinstall 4096 Mar 25 19:29 etc
drwxr-xr-x. 2 gis oinstall 4096 Mar 25 19:10 lib
drwxr-xr-x. 4 gis oinstall 4096 May 20 2010 locale
sdesetup
[gis@localhost ~]$ sdesetup
ArcSDE 10.1 Setup
Setup Administration Utility
-----------------------------------------------------
Usage for sdesetup:
-?
-h
-o delete -d {ORACLE10G|ORACLE11G}
[-H <sde_directory>] [-u <DB_Admin_user>] [-p <DB_Admin_password>]
[-i <master_geodatabase_service>[:<user_schema>]] [-N] [q]
-o list -d {ORACLE10G|ORACLE11G|SQLSERVER|DB2|DB2ZOS|INFORMIX|POSTGRESQL}
[-H <sde_directory>] [-u <DB_Admin_user>] [-p <DB_Admin_password>]
[-D <database>] [-s <datasource>]
[-i <master_geodatabase_service>[:<user_schema>]] [-q]
-o update_key
-d {ORACLE10G|ORACLE11G|SQLSERVER| DB2|DB2ZOS|INFORMIX|POSTGRESQL}
-l <key> [-u <DB_Admin_user>] [-p <DB_Admin_password>]
[-H <sde_directory>] [-D <database>] [-s <datasource>] [-N]
[-i <master_geodatabase_service>[:<user_schema>]] [-q]
-o install_st_raster
-d {ORACLE10G|ORACLE11G|SQLSERVER|POSTGRESQL}
[-H <sde_directory>] [-u <DB_Admin_user>] [-p <DB_Admin_password>]
[-D <database>] [-s <datasource>] [-N] [-l <key>] [-q]
创建SDE的Schema
[gis@localhost lib]$ sdesetup -o install_st_raster -d oracle11g -p sde
ESRI ArcSDE Server Setup Utility Tue Mar 25 22:59:38 2014
----------------------------------------------------------------
Install or update ST_RASTER schema objects: Are you sure? (Y/N): y
Creating ST_RASTER schema...
Successfully created ST_RASTER schema.
Successfully installed ArcSDE components.
Refer SDEHOMEetcsde_setup.log for more details.
估计会遇到的错误类型：Error: Underlying DBMS error (-51).
这个问题一般是数据库权限问题，将以下sql语句保存为updatesde.sql执行即可
grant CREATE SESSION to sde;
grant CREATE TABLE to sde;
grant CREATE PROCEDURE to sde;
grant CREATE SEQUENCE to sde;
grant CREATE TRIGGER to sde;
grant CREATE TYPE to sde;
grant CREATE LIBRARY to sde;
grant CREATE PUBLIC SYNONYM to sde;
grant CREATE OPERATOR to sde;
grant CREATE INDEXTYPE to sde;
grant DROP PUBLIC SYNONYM to sde;
grant UNLIMITED TABLESPACE to sde;
grant CREATE VIEW to sde;
prompt * SELECT ANY TABLE is required for compressing the database
prompt * This privilege needs to be granted whenever a compress is run.
grant SELECT ANY TABLE to sde;
prompt * ADMINISTER DATABASE TRIGGER can be revoked after install
grant ADMINISTER DATABASE TRIGGER to sde;
prompt * * * * * * * * * * *
prompt * ArcSDE UPGRADE *
prompt * * * * * * * * * * *
prompt * If upgrading please remove rem from each grant.
prompt * Granting the required privileges to the sde user.
REM grant ADMINISTER DATABASE TRIGGER to sde;
REM grant SELECT ANY TABLE to sde;
REM grant SELECT ANY SEQUENCE to sde;
REM grant EXECUTE ANY PROCEDURE to sde;
REM grant ANALYZE ANY to sde;
REM grant ALTER ANY INDEX to sde;
REM grant ALTER ANY TABLE to sde;
REM grant CREATE ANY SEQUENCE to sde;
REM grant CREATE ANY TRIGGER to sde;
REM grant CREATE ANY INDEX to sde;
REM grant CREATE ANY PROCEDURE to sde;
REM grant DROP ANY INDEX to sde;
REM grant DROP ANY SEQUENCE to sde;
REM grant DROP ANY TABLE to sde;
REM grant DROP ANY VIEW to sde;
REM grant DROP ANY PROCEDURE to sde;
更新相关的lic，注意lic文件的所属用户，所属组以及读写权限
[gis@localhost ~]$ sdesetup -o update_key -d oracle11g -l /opt/sde/sde.ecp -p sde
ESRI ArcSDE Server Setup Utility Wed Mar 26 02:37:39 2014
----------------------------------------------------------------
Error: DBMS table not found (-37).
Error upgrading authorization key.
出错，需要在oracle用户下执行
grant execute on dbms_pipe to public;
grant execute on dbms_lock to public;
[gis@localhost ~]$ su oracle
Password:
[oracle@localhost gis]$ sqlplus
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Wed Mar 26 19:36:17 2014
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Enter user-name: sys as sysdba
Enter password:
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
SQL> grant execute on dbms_pipe to public;
grant execute on dbms_lock to public;
Grant succeeded.
SQL>
Grant succeeded.
SQL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
[oracle@localhost gis]$ su gis
Password:
[gis@localhost ~]$ sdesetup -o update_key -d oracle11g -l /opt/sde/sde.ecp -p sde
sdesetup: error while loading shared libraries: libsdesetup.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
再次出错。
启动ArcSDE服务
[gis@localhost ~]$ sdemon -o start -p sde
-------------------------------------------------------
ArcSDE 10.1 for Oracle11g Build 679 Thu Apr 5 11:43:21 2012
-------------------------------------------------------
ST_Geometry Schema Owner: () Type Release: 0
Instance initialized for ((sde)) . . .
Connected to instance . . .
Previous SDE Server Release 0.0.0 is not compatible with the current Release 10.1.0.
Could not start ArcSDE -- Check Network, $SDEHOME disk, DBMS settings and dbinit.sde.
补充：如果要设置随着机器自动启动，那么创建sde.sh文件，加入下面的内容：
#!/bin/sh # SDEHOME=/home/sde/sdeexe93 SDE_OWNR=sde ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1 # # if [ ! -d $SDEHOME ] || [ ! -f $SDEHOME/bin/sdemon ] then echo "ArcSDE startup: cannot start" exit 1 fi # case "$1" in start) #ArcSDE startup echo -n "Starting ArcSDE: " su $SDE_OWNR -c " export SDEHOME=/home/sde/sdeexe93&& export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1&& export ORACLE_SID=pgis1&& export PATH=$PATH:$SDEHOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin:/etc&& export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$SDEHOME/lib:/usr/lib:/lib:$ORACLE_HOME/lib32&& export NLS_.ZHS16GBK&& $SDEHOME/bin/sdemon -o start -p sde" touch /var/lock/sde echo "OK, Started" ;; stop) #ArcSDE shutdown echo -n "Shutdown ArcSDE: " su $SDE_OWNR -c " export SDEHOME=/home/sde/sdeexe93&& export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1&& export ORACLE_SID=pgis1&& export PATH=$PATH:$SDEHOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin:/etc&& export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$SDEHOME/lib:/usr/lib:/lib:$ORACLE_HOME/lib32&& export NLS_.ZHS16GBK&& $SDEHOME/bin/sdemon -o shutdown -p sde" rm -f /var/lock/sde echo "OK, Stopped" ;; restart) $0 stop $0 start ;; *) echo "Usage: $0 start|stop|restart" exit 1 ;; esac exit 0
然后：
chmod 755 sde.sh
sudo cp sde.sh /etc/init.d/
sudo update-rc.d sde.sh defaults 99
就可以了。