（一）Spring Security 入门体验

一、前言

Spring Security 和 Apache Shiro 都是安全框架，为Java应用程序提供身份认证和授权。

二者区别

Spring Security：重量级安全框架
Apache Shiro：轻量级安全框架

Spring Security:

Spring Security 的前身是Acegi Security ，是 Spring 项目组中用来提供安全认证服务的框架。

Spring Security 为基于J2EE企业应用软件提供了全面安全服务。特别是使用领先的J2EE解决方案-Spring框架开发的企业软件项目。人们使用Spring Security有很多种原因，不过通常吸引他们的是在J2EE Servlet规范或EJB规范中找不到典型企业应用场景的解决方案。

二、SpringBoot集成Spring Security入门体验

基本环境： springboot 2.4.1 JDK 11

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>cn.com.sercurity</groupId>
    <artifactId>cyy</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>cyy</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

    <properties>
        <java.version>11</java.version>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <spring-boot.version>2.4.1</spring-boot.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-boot.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.8.1</version>
                <configuration>
                    <source>11</source>
                    <target>11</target>
                    <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.4.1</version>
                <configuration>
                    <mainClass>cn.com.sercurity.cyy.CyyApplication</mainClass>
                </configuration>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <id>repackage</id>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>repackage</goal>
                        </goals>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

2、新建一个controller测试访问

@RestController
public class IndexController {

    @GetMapping("/index")
    public String index() {
        return "Hello World ~";
    }
}

3、创建login.html（注：在resources中新建static文件夹中存放）

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Login</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Spring Security</h1>
<form method="post" action="" onsubmit="return false">
    <div>
        用户名：<input type="text" name="username" id="username">
    </div>
    <div>
        密码：<input type="password" name="password" id="password">
    </div>
    <div>
        <!--        <label><input type="checkbox" name="remember-me" id="remember-me"/>自动登录</label>-->
        <button onclick="login()">登陆</button>
    </div>
</form>
</body>
<script src="http://libs.baidu.com/jquery/1.9.0/jquery.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
    function login() {
        var username = document.getElementById("username").value;
        var password = document.getElementById("password").value;
        // var rememberMe = document.getElementById("remember-me").value;
        $.ajax({
            async: false,
            type: "POST",
            dataType: "json",
            url: '/login',
            contentType: "application/json",
            data: JSON.stringify({
                "username": username,
                "password": password
                // "remember-me": rememberMe
            }),
            success: function (result) {
                console.log(result)
                if (result.code == 200) {
                    alert("登陆成功");
                    window.location.href = "../home.html";
                } else {
                    alert(result.message)
                }
            }
        });
    }
</script>
</html>

4、运行项目访问 http://127.0.0.1:8080/index

温馨小提示：在不进行任何配置的情况下，Spring Security 给出的默认用户名为user 密码则是项目在启动运行时随机生成的一串字符串，会打印在控制台，如下图：

当我们访问index首页的时候，系统会默认跳转到login页面进行登录认证

认证成功之后才会跳转到我们的index页面