目录
目录 1
1. 前言 2
2. Broker默认端口号 2
3. 安装Kafka 2
4. 启动Kafka 2
5. 创建Topic 2
6. 列出所有Topic 3
7. 删除Topic 3
8. 查看Topic 3
9. 增加topic的partition数 4
10. 生产消息 4
11. 消费消息 4
12. 查看有哪些消费者Group 4
13. 查看新消费者详情 5
14. 查看Group详情 5
15. 删除Group 5
16. 设置consumer group的offset 5
17. RdKafka自带示例 6
18. 平衡leader 6
19. 自带压测工具 6
20. 查看topic指定分区offset的最大值或最小值 6
21. 查看__consumer_offsets 6
22. 获取指定consumer group的位移信息 7
23. 20) 查看kafka的zookeeper 7
24. 如何增加__consumer_offsets的副本数？ 9
25. 问题 11
附1：进程监控工具process_monitor.sh 12
附2：批量操作工具 12
附2.1：批量执行命令工具：mooon_ssh 12
附2.2：批量上传文件工具：mooon_upload 13
附2.3：使用示例 13
附3：批量设置broker.id和listeners工具 15
附4：批量设置hostname工具 16
附5：Kafka监控工具kafka-manager 16
附6：kafka的安装 16
附7:__consumer_offsets 17
1. 前言
本文内容主要来自两个方面：一是网上的分享，二是自研的随手记。日记月累，收录kafka各种命令，会持续更新。
在0.9.0.0之后的Kafka，出现了几个新变动，一个是在Server端增加了GroupCoordinator这个角色，另一个较大的变动是将topic的offset 信息由之前存储在zookeeper上改为存储到一个特殊的topic（__consumer_offsets）中。
Kafka的瓶颈容易发生在网卡，而不是CPU、内存和磁盘，所以应当考虑log的压缩。
相关网址：
1) Kafka官网：http://kafka.apache.org/
2) 下载地址：http://kafka.apache.org/downloads
3) 客户端库：https://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/KAFKA/Clients
4) librdkafka库：https://github.com/edenhill/librdkafka
5) confluent-kafka-go：https://github.com/confluentinc/confluent-kafka-go
2. Broker默认端口号
9092，建议安装时，在zookeeper中指定kafka的根目录，比如“/kafka”，而不是直接使用“/”，这样多套kafka也可共享同一个zookeeper集群。
3. 安装Kafka
相比Hadoop、HBase、Spark，甚至Redis等，Kafka的安装到跑起来比较简单，参考官方的介绍即可：http://kafka.apache.org/quickstart。
Kafka依赖Zookeeper，本身自带了Zookeeper，不过建议另外安装Zookeeper。
4. 启动Kafka
kafka-server-start.sh config/server.properties
后台常驻方式，请带上参数“-daemon”，如：
|
/usr/local/kafka/bin/kafka-server-start.sh -daemon /usr/local/kafka/config/server.properties |
5. 创建Topic
参数--topic指定Topic名，--partitions指定分区数，--replication-factor指定备份数：
|
kafka-topics.sh --create --zookeeper localhost:2181 --replication-factor 1 --partitions 1 --topic test |
注意，如果配置文件server.properties指定了kafka在zookeeper上的目录，则参数也要指定，否则会报无可用的brokers，如：
|
kafka-topics.sh --create --zookeeper localhost:2181/kafka --replication-factor 1 --partitions 1 --topic test |
6. 列出所有Topic
kafka-topics.sh --list --zookeeper localhost:2181
注意，如果配置文件server.properties指定了kafka在zookeeper上的目录，则参数也要指定，否则会报无可用的brokers，如：
kafka-topics.sh --list --zookeeper localhost:2181/kafka
输出示例：
|
__consumer_offsets my-replicated-topic test |
7. 删除Topic
1) kafka-topics.sh --zookeeper localhost:2181 --topic test --delete
2) kafka-topics.sh --zookeeper localhost:2181/kafka --topic test --delete
3) kafka-run-class.sh kafka.admin.DeleteTopicCommand --zookeeper localhost:2181 --topic test
8. 查看Topic
kafka-topics.sh --describe --zookeeper localhost:2181 --topic test
注意，如果配置文件server.properties指定了kafka在zookeeper上的目录，则参数也要指定，否则会报无可用的brokers，如：
kafka-topics.sh --describe --zookeeper localhost:2181/kafka --topic test
输出示例：
|
Topic:test PartitionCount:3 ReplicationFactor:2 Configs: Topic: test Partition: 0 Leader: 140 Replicas: 140,214 Isr: 140,214 Topic: test Partition: 1 Leader: 214 Replicas: 214,215 Isr: 214,215 Topic: test Partition: 2 Leader: 215 Replicas: 215,138 Isr: 215,138 |
9. 增加topic的partition数
kafka-topics.sh --zookeeper localhost:2181 --alter --topic test --partitions 5
10. 生产消息
kafka-console-producer.sh --broker-list localhost:9092 --topic test
11. 消费消息
1) 从头开始
kafka-console-consumer.sh --bootstrap-server localhost:9092 --topic test --from-beginning
2) 从尾部开始
kafka-console-consumer.sh --bootstrap-server localhost:9092 --topic test --offset latest
3) 指定分区
kafka-console-consumer.sh --bootstrap-server localhost:9092 --topic test --offset latest --partition 1
4) 取指定个数
kafka-console-consumer.sh --bootstrap-server localhost:9092 --topic test --offset latest --partition 1 --max-messages 1
5) 新消费者（ver>=0.9）
kafka-console-consumer.sh --bootstrap-server localhost:9092 --topic test --new-consumer --from-beginning --consumer.config config/consumer.properties
12. 查看有哪些消费者Group
1) 分ZooKeeper方式（老）
kafka-consumer-groups.sh --zookeeper 127.0.0.1:2181/kafka --list
2) API方式（新）
kafka-consumer-groups.sh --new-consumer --bootstrap-server 127.0.0.1:9092 --list
输出示例：
|
test console-consumer-37602 console-consumer-75637 console-consumer-59893 |
13. 查看新消费者详情
仅支持offset存储在zookeeper上的：
|
|
kafka-run-class.sh kafka.tools.ConsumerOffsetChecker --zkconnect localhost:2181 --group test
14. 查看Group详情
kafka-consumer-groups.sh --new-consumer --bootstrap-server 127.0.0.1:9092 --group test --describe
输出示例：
|
TOPIC PARTITION CURRENT-OFFSET LOG-END-OFFSET LAG CONSUMER-ID HOST CLIENT-ID test 1 87 87 0 - - - |
15. 删除Group
老版本的ZooKeeper方式可以删除Group，新版本则自动删除，当执行：
kafka-consumer-groups.sh --new-consumer --bootstrap-server 127.0.0.1:9092 --group test --delete
输出如下提示：
|
Option '[delete]' is only valid with '[zookeeper]'. Note that there's no need to delete group metadata for the new consumer as the group is deleted when the last committed offset for that group expires. |
16. 设置consumer group的offset
执行zkCli.sh进入zookeeper命令行界面，假设需将group为testgroup的topic的offset设置为2018，则：set /consumers/testgroup/offsets/test/0 2018
如果kakfa在zookeeper中的根目录不是“/”，而是“/kafka”，则：
set /kafka/consumers/testgroup/offsets/test/0 2018
另外，还可以使用kafka自带工具kafka-run-class.sh kafka.tools.UpdateOffsetsInZK修改，命令用法：
kafka.tools.UpdateOffsetsInZK$ [earliest | latest] consumer.properties topic
从用法提示可以看出，只能修改为earliest或latest，没有直接修改zookeeper灵活。
17. RdKafka自带示例
rdkafka_consumer_example -b 127.0.0.1:9092 -g test test
rdkafka_consumer_example -e -b 127.0.0.1:9092 -g test test
18. 平衡leader
kafka-preferred-replica-election.sh --zookeeper localhost:2181/chroot
19. 自带压测工具
kafka-producer-perf-test.sh --topic test --num-records 100 --record-size 1 --throughput 100 --producer-props bootstrap.servers=localhost:9092
20. 查看topic指定分区offset的最大值或最小值
time为-1时表示最大值，为-2时表示最小值：
kafka-run-class.sh kafka.tools.GetOffsetShell --topic hive-mdatabase-hostsltable --time -1 --broker-list 127.0.0.1:9092 --partitions 0
21. 查看__consumer_offsets
需consumer.properties中设置exclude.internal.topics=false：
1) 0.11.0.0之前版本
kafka-console-consumer.sh --topic __consumer_offsets --zookeeper localhost:2181 --formatter "kafka.coordinator.GroupMetadataManager$OffsetsMessageFormatter" --consumer.config config/consumer.properties --from-beginning
2) 0.11.0.0之后版本(含)
kafka-console-consumer.sh --topic __consumer_offsets --zookeeper localhost:2181 --formatter "kafka.coordinator.group.GroupMetadataManager$OffsetsMessageFormatter" --consumer.config config/consumer.properties --from-beginning
22. 获取指定consumer group的位移信息
需consumer.properties中设置exclude.internal.topics=false：
1) 0.11.0.0版本之前：
kafka-simple-consumer-shell.sh --topic __consumer_offsets --partition 11 --broker-list localhost:9091,localhost:9092,localhost:9093 --formatter "kafka.coordinator.GroupMetadataManager$OffsetsMessageFormatter"
2) 0.11.0.0版本以后(含)：
kafka-simple-consumer-shell.sh --topic __consumer_offsets --partition 11 --broker-list localhost:9091,localhost:9092,localhost:9093 --formatter "kafka.coordinator.group.GroupMetadataManager$OffsetsMessageFormatter"
23. 20) 查看kafka的zookeeper
1) 查看Kakfa在zookeeper的根目录
|
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 0] ls /kafka [cluster, controller_epoch, controller, brokers, admin, isr_change_notification, consumers, config] |
2) 查看brokers
|
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 1] ls /kafka/brokers [ids, topics, seqid] |
3) 查看有哪些brokers（214和215等为server.properties中配置的broker.id值）：
|
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 2] ls /kafka/brokers/ids [214, 215, 138, 139] |
4) 查看broker 214，下列数据显示该broker没有设置JMX_PORT：
|
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 4] get /kafka/brokers/ids/214 {"listener_security_protocol_map":{"PLAINTEXT":"PLAINTEXT"},"endpoints":["PLAINTEXT://test-204:9092"],"jmx_port":-1,"host":"test-204","timestamp":"1498467464861","port":9092,"version":4} cZxid = 0x200002400 ctime = Mon Jun 26 16:57:44 CST 2017 mZxid = 0x200002400 mtime = Mon Jun 26 16:57:44 CST 2017 pZxid = 0x200002400 cversion = 0 dataVersion = 0 aclVersion = 0 ephemeralOwner = 0x45b9d9e841f0136 dataLength = 190 numChildren = 0 |
5) 查看controller，下列数据显示broker 214为controller：
|
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 9] get /kafka/controller {"version":1,"brokerid":214,"timestamp":"1498467946988"} cZxid = 0x200002438 ctime = Mon Jun 26 17:05:46 CST 2017 mZxid = 0x200002438 mtime = Mon Jun 26 17:05:46 CST 2017 pZxid = 0x200002438 cversion = 0 dataVersion = 0 aclVersion = 0 ephemeralOwner = 0x45b9d9e841f0136 dataLength = 56 numChildren = 0 |
6) 查看kafka集群的id：
|
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 13] get /kafka/cluster/id {"version":"1","id":"OCAEJy4qSf29bhwOfO7kNQ"} cZxid = 0x2000023e7 ctime = Mon Jun 26 16:57:28 CST 2017 mZxid = 0x2000023e7 mtime = Mon Jun 26 16:57:28 CST 2017 pZxid = 0x2000023e7 cversion = 0 dataVersion = 0 aclVersion = 0 ephemeralOwner = 0x0 dataLength = 45 numChildren = 0 |
7) 查看有哪些topics：
|
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 16] ls /kafka/brokers/topics [test, my-replicated-topic, test1, test2, test3, test123, __consumer_offsets, info] |
8) 查看topic下有哪些partitions：
|
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 19] ls /kafka/brokers/topics/__consumer_offsets/partitions [44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43] |
9) 查看“partition 0”的状态：
|
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 22] get /kafka/brokers/topics/__consumer_offsets/partitions/0/state {"controller_epoch":2,"leader":215,"version":1,"leader_epoch":1,"isr":[215,214]} cZxid = 0x2000024c6 ctime = Mon Jun 26 18:02:07 CST 2017 mZxid = 0x200bc4fc3 mtime = Mon Aug 27 18:58:10 CST 2018 pZxid = 0x2000024c6 cversion = 0 dataVersion = 1 aclVersion = 0 ephemeralOwner = 0x0 dataLength = 80 numChildren = 0 |
24. 如何增加__consumer_offsets的副本数？
可使用kafka-reassign-partitions.sh来增加__consumer_offsets的副本数，方法如下，构造一JSON文件reassign.json：
|
{ "version":1, "partitions":[ {"topic":"__consumer_offsets","partition":0,"replicas":[1,2,3]}, {"topic":"__consumer_offsets","partition":1,"replicas":[2,3,1]}, {"topic":"__consumer_offsets","partition":2,"replicas":[3,1,2]}, {"topic":"__consumer_offsets","partition":3,"replicas":[1,2,3]}, ... {"topic":"__consumer_offsets","partition":100,"replicas":[2,3,1]} ] } |
然后执行：
|
kafka-reassign-partitions.sh --zookeeper localhost:2181/kafka --reassignment-json-file reassign.json --execute |
“[1,2,3]”中的数字为broker.id值。
如果执行报错“Partitions reassignment failed due to Partition reassignment data file is empty”，可能是因为reasign.json文件格式不对，比如成下列格式了（中间的没有以逗号结尾）：
|
{"topic":"__consumer_offsets","partition":29,"replicas":[5,3,2]}, {"topic":"__consumer_offsets","partition":30,"replicas":[1,4,3]} {"topic":"__consumer_offsets","partition":31,"replicas":[2,5,4]} {"topic":"__consumer_offsets","partition":32,"replicas":[3,2,5]} {"topic":"__consumer_offsets","partition":33,"replicas":[4,3,1]}, |
如果执行遇到下列错误：
|
Partitions reassignment failed due to Partition replica lists may not contain duplicate entries: __consumer_offsets-16 contains multiple entries for 2. __consumer_offsets-39 contains multiple entries for 2. __consumer_offsets-40 contains multiple entries for 3. __consumer_offsets-44 contains multiple entries for 3 |
原因是一个分区的两个副本被指定在同一个broker上，以16号分区为列，有两个副本落在了broker 2上：
|
{"topic":"__consumer_offsets","partition":16,"replicas":[2,5,2]}, |
执行成功后的输出：
|
$ ../bin/kafka-reassign-partitions.sh --zookeeper 192.168.1.35.31:2181/kafka --reassignment-json-file __consumer_offsets.reassign --execute Current partition replica assignment
{"version":1,"partitions":[{"topic":"__consumer_offsets","partition":22,"replicas":[2],"log_dirs":["any"]},{"topic":"__consumer_offsets","partition":30,"replicas":[5],"log_dirs":["any"]},{"topic":"__consumer_offsets","partition":8,"replicas":[3],"log_dirs":["any"]},{"topic":"__consumer_offsets","partition":21,"replicas":[1],"log_dirs":["any"]},{"topic":"__consumer_offsets","partition":4,"replicas":[4],"log_dirs":["any"]},{"topic":"__consumer_offsets","partition":27,"replicas":[2],"log_dirs":["any"]},{"topic":"__consumer_offsets","partition":7,"replicas":[2],"log_dirs":["any"]},{"topic":"__consumer_offsets","partition":9,"replicas":[4],"log_dirs":["any"]},{"topic":"__consumer_offsets","partition":46,"replicas":[1],"log_dirs":["any"]},{"topic":"__consumer_offsets","partition":25,"replicas":[5],"log_dirs":["any"]},{"topic":"__consumer_offsets","partition":35,"replicas":[5],"log_dirs":["any"]},{"topic":"__consumer_offsets","partition":41,"replicas":[1],"log_dirs":["any"]},{"topic":"__consumer_offsets","partition":33,"replicas":[3],"log_dirs":["any"]},{"topic":"__consumer_offsets","partition":23,"replicas":[3],"log_dirs":["any"]},{"topic":"__consumer_offsets","partition":49,"replicas":[4],"log_dirs":["any"]},{"topic":"__consumer_offsets","partition":47,"replicas":[2],"log_dirs":["any"]},{"topic":"__consumer_offsets","partition":16,"replicas":[1],"log_dirs":["any"]},{"topic":"__consumer_offsets","partition":28,"replicas":[3],"log_dirs":["any"]},{"topic":"__consumer_offsets","partition":31,"replicas":[1],"log_dirs":["any"]},{"topic":"__consumer_offsets","partition":36,"replicas":[1],"log_dirs":["any"]},{"topic":"__consumer_offsets","partition":42,"replicas":[2],"log_dirs":["any"]},{"topic":"__consumer_offsets","partition":3,"replicas":[3],"log_dirs":["any"]},{"topic":"__consumer_offsets","partition":18,"replicas":[3],"log_dirs":["any"]},{"topic":"__consumer_offsets","partition":37,"replicas":[2],"log_dirs":["any"]},{"topic":"__consumer_offsets","partition":15,"replicas":[5],"log_dirs":["any"]},{"topic":"__consumer_offsets","partition":24,"replicas":[4],"log_dirs":["any"]},{"topic":"__consumer_offsets","partition":38,"replicas":[3],"log_dirs":["any"]},{"topic":"__consumer_offsets","partition":17,"replicas":[2],"log_dirs":["any"]},{"topic":"__consumer_offsets","partition":48,"replicas":[3],"log_dirs":["any"]},{"topic":"__consumer_offsets","partition":19,"replicas":[4],"log_dirs":["any"]},{"topic":"__consumer_offsets","partition":11,"replicas":[1],"log_dirs":["any"]},{"topic":"__consumer_offsets","partition":13,"replicas":[3],"log_dirs":["any"]},{"topic":"__consumer_offsets","partition":2,"replicas":[2],"log_dirs":["any"]},{"topic":"__consumer_offsets","partition":43,"replicas":[3],"log_dirs":["any"]},{"topic":"__consumer_offsets","partition":6,"replicas":[1],"log_dirs":["any"]},{"topic":"__consumer_offsets","partition":14,"replicas":[4],"log_dirs":["any"]},{"topic":"__consumer_offsets","partition":20,"replicas":[5],"log_dirs":["any"]},{"topic":"__consumer_offsets","partition":0,"replicas":[5],"log_dirs":["any"]},{"topic":"__consumer_offsets","partition":44,"replicas":[4],"log_dirs":["any"]},{"topic":"__consumer_offsets","partition":39,"replicas":[4],"log_dirs":["any"]},{"topic":"__consumer_offsets","partition":12,"replicas":[2],"log_dirs":["any"]},{"topic":"__consumer_offsets","partition":45,"replicas":[5],"log_dirs":["any"]},{"topic":"__consumer_offsets","partition":1,"replicas":[1],"log_dirs":["any"]},{"topic":"__consumer_offsets","partition":5,"replicas":[5],"log_dirs":["any"]},{"topic":"__consumer_offsets","partition":26,"replicas":[1],"log_dirs":["any"]},{"topic":"__consumer_offsets","partition":29,"replicas":[4],"log_dirs":["any"]},{"topic":"__consumer_offsets","partition":34,"replicas":[4],"log_dirs":["any"]},{"topic":"__consumer_offsets","partition":10,"replicas":[5],"log_dirs":["any"]},{"topic":"__consumer_offsets","partition":32,"replicas":[2],"log_dirs":["any"]},{"topic":"__consumer_offsets","partition":40,"replicas":[5],"log_dirs":["any"]}]}
Save this to use as the --reassignment-json-file option during rollback Successfully started reassignment of partitions. |
25. 问题
1) -190,Local: Unknown partition
比如单机版只有一个分区，但prodcue参数的分区值为1等。
2) Rdkafka程序日志“delivery failed. errMsg:[Local: Message timed out]”
同一个程序，在有些机器上会这个错误，有些机器则工作正常，相关的issues：
https://github.com/edenhill/librdkafka/issues/474
实测是因为在运行Kafka应用程序的机器上没有配置Kafka Brokers机器的hosts。
另外的解决办法是在server.properties配置listeners和advertised.listeners，并且使用IP而不是hostname作为值。
3) Name or service not known (after 9020595078ms in state INIT)
event_callback: type(0), severity(3), (-193)kafka-204:9092/214: Failed to resolve 'kafka-204:9092': Name or service not known (after 9020595078ms in state INIT)
原因是运行kafka应用程序（非kafka本身）的机器不能识别主机名kafka-204（Kafka Brokers机器可以识别），
解决办法是在server.properties配置listeners和advertised.listeners，并且使用IP而不是hostname作为值。
附1：进程监控工具process_monitor.sh
process_monitor.sh为shell脚本，本身含详细的使用说明和帮助提示。适合放在crontab中，检测到进程不在时，3秒左右时间重拉起。支持不同用户运行相同程序，也支持同一用户带不同参数运行相同程序。
下载网址：
https://github.com/eyjian/libmooon/blob/master/shell/process_monitor.sh
使用示例：
|
* * * * * /usr/local/bin/process_monitor.sh "/usr/local/jdk/bin/java kafkaServer" "/data/kafka/bin/kafka-server-start.sh -daemon /data/kafka/config/server.properties" |
由于所有的java程序均运行在JVM中，所以程序名均为java，“kafkaServer”用于限定只监控kafka。如果同一用户运行多个kafka实例，则需加端口号区分，并且要求端口号为命令行参数，和“kafkaServer”共同组成匹配模式。
当检测到进程不存在时，则执行第三列的重启指令“/data/kafka/bin/kafka-server-start.sh -daemon /data/kafka/config/server.properties”。
使用示例2，监控zooekeeper：
|
* * * * * /usr/local/bin/process_monitor.sh "/usr/local/jdk/bin/java -Dzookeeper" "/data/zookeeper/bin/zkServer.sh start" |
附2：批量操作工具
适用用来批量安装kafka和日常运维。
下载网址：
https://github.com/eyjian/libmooon/releases
监控工具有两个版本：一是C++版本，另一是GO版本。当前C++版本比较成熟，GO版本相当简略，但C++版本依赖C++运行时库，不同环境需要特定编译，而GO版本可不依赖C和C++运行时库，所以不需编译即可应用到广泛的Linux环境。
使用简单，直接执行命令，即会提示用法。
附2.1：批量执行命令工具：mooon_ssh
|
参数名 |
默认值 |
说明 |
|
-u |
无 |
用户名参数，可用环境变量U替代 |
|
-p |
无 |
密码参数，可用环境变量P替代 |
|
-h |
无 |
IP列表参数，可用环境变量H替代 |
|
-P |
22，可修改源码，编译为常用端口号 |
SSH端口参数，可用环境变量PORT替代 |
|
-c |
无 |
在远程机器上执行的命令，建议单引号方式指定值，除非要执行的命令本身已经包含了单引号有冲突。使用双引号时，要注意转义，否则会被本地shell解释 |
|
-v |
1 |
工具输出的详细度 |
附2.2：批量上传文件工具：mooon_upload
|
参数名 |
默认值 |
说明 |
|
-u |
无 |
用户名参数，可用环境变量U替代 |
|
-p |
无 |
密码参数，可用环境变量P替代 |
|
-h |
无 |
IP列表参数，可用环境变量H替代 |
|
-P |
22，可修改源码，编译为常用端口号 |
SSH端口参数，可用环境变量PORT替代 |
|
-s |
无 |
以逗号分隔的，需要上传的本地文件列表，可以带相对或绝对目录 |
|
-d |
无 |
文件上传到远程机器的目录，只能为单个目录 |
附2.3：使用示例
1) 使用示例1：上传/etc/hosts
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mooon_upload -s=/etc/hosts -d=/etc |
2) 使用示例2：检查/etc/profile文件是否一致
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mooon_ssh -c='md5sum /etc/hosts' |
3) 使用示例3：批量查看crontab
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mooon_ssh -c='crontab -l' |
4) 使用示例4：批量清空crontab
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mooon_ssh -c='rm -f /tmp/crontab.empty;touch /tmp/crontab.empty' mooon_ssh -c='crontab /tmp/crontab.emtpy' |
5) 使用示例5：批量更新crontab
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mooon_ssh -c='crontab /tmp/crontab.online' |
6) 使用示例6：取远端机器IP
因为awk用单引号，所以参数“-c”的值不能使用单引号，所以内容需要转义，相对其它来说要复杂点：
|
mooon_ssh -c="netstat -ie | awk -F[\ :]+ 'BEGIN{ok=0;}{if (match($0, "eth1")) ok=1; if ((1==ok) && match($0,"inet")) { ok=0; if (7==NF) printf("%s\n",$3); else printf("%s\n",$4);} }'" |
不同的环境，IP在“netstat -ie”输出中的位置稍有不同，所以awk中加了“7==NF”判断，但仍不一定适用于所有的环境。需要转义的字符包含：双引号、美元符和斜杠。
7) 使用示例7：批量查看kafka进程（环境变量方式）
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$ export H=192.168.31.9,192.168.31.10,192.168.31.11,192.168.31.12,192.168.31.13 $ export U=kafka $ export P='123456'
$ mooon_ssh -c='/usr/local/jdk/bin/jps -m' [192.168.31.15] 50928 Kafka /data/kafka/config/server.properties 125735 Jps -m [192.168.31.15] SUCCESS
[192.168.31.16] 147842 Jps -m 174902 Kafka /data/kafka/config/server.properties [192.168.31.16] SUCCESS
[192.168.31.17] 51409 Kafka /data/kafka/config/server.properties 178771 Jps -m [192.168.31.17] SUCCESS
[192.168.31.18] 73568 Jps -m 62314 Kafka /data/kafka/config/server.properties [192.168.31.18] SUCCESS
[192.168.31.19] 123908 Jps -m 182845 Kafka /data/kafka/config/server.properties [192.168.31.19] SUCCESS
================================ [192.168.31.15 SUCCESS] 0 seconds [192.168.31.16 SUCCESS] 0 seconds [192.168.31.17 SUCCESS] 0 seconds [192.168.31.18 SUCCESS] 0 seconds [192.168.31.19 SUCCESS] 0 seconds SUCCESS: 5, FAILURE: 0 |
8) 使用示例8：批量停止kafka进程（参数方式）
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$ mooon_ssh -c='/data/kafka/bin/kafka-server-stop.sh' -u=kafka -p='123456' -h=192.168.31.15,192.168.31.16,192.168.31.17,192.168.31.18,192.168.31.19 [192.168.31.15] No kafka server to stop command return 1
[192.168.31.16] No kafka server to stop command return 1
[192.168.31.17] No kafka server to stop command return 1
[192.168.31.18] No kafka server to stop command return 1
[192.168.31.19] No kafka server to stop command return 1
================================ [192.168.31.15 FAILURE] 0 seconds [192.168.31.16 FAILURE] 0 seconds [192.168.31.17 FAILURE] 0 seconds [192.168.31.18 FAILURE] 0 seconds [192.168.31.19 FAILURE] 0 seconds SUCCESS: 0, FAILURE: 5 |
附3：批量设置broker.id和listeners工具
为shell脚本，有详细的使用说明和帮助提示，依赖mooon_ssh和mooon_upload：
https://github.com/eyjian/libmooon/blob/master/shell/set_kafka_id_and_ip.sh
附4：批量设置hostname工具
为shell脚本，有详细的使用说明和帮助提示，依赖mooon_ssh和mooon_upload：
https://github.com/eyjian/libmooon/blob/master/shell/set_hostname.sh
附5：Kafka监控工具kafka-manager
官网：https://github.com/yahoo/kafka-manager
kafka-manager的数据主要来源两个方便：一是kafka的zookeeper数据，二是kafka的JMX数据。
kafka-manager要求JDK版本不低于1.8，从源码编译kafka-manager相对复杂，但编译拿到二进制包后，只需修改application.conf中的“kafka-manager.zkhosts”值，即可开始启动kafka-manager。“kafka-manager.zkhosts”值，不是kafka的zookeeper配置值，而是kafka-manager自己用的zookeeper配置，所以两者可以为不同的zookeeper，注意值用双引号引起来。
crontab启动示例：
|
JMX_PORT=9999 * * * * * /usr/local/bin/process_monitor.sh "/usr/local/jdk/bin/java kafkaServer" "/data/kafka/bin/kafka-server-start.sh -daemon /data/kafka/config/server.properties" |
指定JMX_PORT不是必须的，但建议设置，这样kafka-manager可以更详细的查看brokers。
crontab中启动kafka-manager示例（指定服务端口为8080，不指定的默认值为9000）：
|
* * * * * /usr/local/bin/process_monitor.sh "/usr/local/jdk/bin/java kafka-manager" "/data/kafka/kafka-manager/bin/kafka-manager -Dconfig.file=/data/kafka/kafka-manager/conf/application.conf -Dhttp.port=8080 > /dev/null 2>&1" |
process_monitor.sh下载：
https://github.com/eyjian/libmooon/blob/master/shell/process_monitor.sh
注意crontab的用户密码有效，crontab才能正常执行。
附6：kafka的安装
最基本的两个配置项为server.properties文件中的：
1) Broker.id
2) zookeeper.connect
其中broker.id每个节点要求不同，zookeeper.connect值建议指定目录，不要直接放在zookeeper根目录下。另外也建议设置listeners值，不然需要客户端配置hostname和IP的映射关系。
因broker.id和listeners的原因，每个节点的server.properties不一致，可利用工具set_kafka_id_and_ip.sh实现批量的替换，以简化kafka集群的部署。set_kafka_id_and_ip.sh下载地址：https://github.com/eyjian/libmooon/blob/master/shell/set_kafka_id_and_ip.sh。
crontab中启动kafka示例：
|
JMX_PORT=9999 * * * * * /usr/local/bin/process_monitor.sh "/usr/local/jdk/bin/java kafkaServer" "/data/kafka/bin/kafka-server-start.sh -daemon /data/kafka/config/server.properties" |
设置JMX_PORT是为方便kafka-manager管理kafka。
附7:__consumer_offsets
__consumer_offsets是kafka内置的Topic，在0.9.0.0之后的Kafka，将topic的offset 信息由之前存储在zookeeper上改为存储到内置的__consumer_offsets中。
server.properties中的配置项num.partitions和default.replication.factor对__consumer_offsets无效，而是受offsets.topic.num.partitions和offsets.topic.replication.factor两个控制。