图片缩放的相关处理
最近自己做的点东西上用到了图片的处理,不过没有找到合适的图片处理相关算法,倒是找到了几个获取缩略图的算法。代码不长,简单看了看原理也比较简单(其实不是简单是C#的封装的太多了,所以显得比较简单)。既然没有相关的统一调用的代码,索性,我来整理一套相关的处理代码然后公开出来吧。
图片处理的相关分析
其实我要用的图片处理非常简单,就是简单的压缩一下图片。然后把图片设置到对应大小而已。但是对于设置的方式,C#基础的函数中使用的Rect范围设置。这个范围设置计算起来可能相对头疼一些。所以我在考虑要不要让调用者在忽略Rect这个参数的情况愉快的调用接口呢?于是乎,我定义了几个图片缩放类型(Full、Zoom、Overflow、Original)。然后默认的让原始图片的中心点与输出图片的中心点对齐。然后根据缩放类型来对图片进行不同的缩放模式。
缩放模式
- Full:让图片放弃原来的比例,直接按照目标数据进行拉伸
- Zoom:让图片保持原有比例,并且保证原始图片在目标图片的正中央,没有图片的位置保留米白色
- Original:让图片保持原来的大小,输出图片类似于裁剪中间位置某个范围的图片
- Overflow:让图片保持原来的比例,并且保证输目标是被图片填满的不留空白
调用的范例
ImageHelper.GetInstance().ImageCompress(InputFile, Path.Combine(OutPutPath, item_file), new System.Drawing.Size(500, 300), ImageZoomType.Full, 50);
样品展示
原始图片
Full 300*500
Full 500 * 300
Original 300 * 500
Original 500 * 300
Overflow 300 * 500
Overflow 500 * 300
Zoom 300 * 500
Zoom 500 * 300
存在的不足
- 压缩没有独到的技术
- 目前只支持JPEG格式的图片
- 部分图片进行缩放之后会留下一个1像素浅浅的边
后续的内容
图片处理不光是缩放,还有其他的很多东西比较实用(截图、压缩、按高缩放、按宽缩放、添加水印、添加隐藏水印),我准备把图片常用的相关处理。整理成一个帮助类,方便迁入到各个项目中去。
所以我建立了一个专门的图片处理的开源项目方便后续功能加入,地址如下:http://git.oschina.net/anxin1225/ImageCompress
压缩相关的代码
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Drawing; using System.Drawing.Drawing2D; using System.Drawing.Imaging; using System.IO; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using System.Threading.Tasks; namespace ImageCompress { public struct AnchorPoint { //public AnchorPoint() : this(0, 0) { } public AnchorPoint(double x, double y) { X = x; Y = y; } public double X, Y; } public enum ImageZoomType { Full, Zoom, Overflow, Original, } public delegate void ImageHandle(Image image, Bitmap bitmap); public class ImageHelper { private ImageHelper() { } private static ImageHelper _image_helper = null; private Dictionary<ImageZoomType, ImageHandle> _name_to_handle = new Dictionary<ImageZoomType, ImageHandle>(); public static ImageHelper GetInstance() { if (_image_helper == null) { _image_helper = new ImageHelper(); //填满 _image_helper._name_to_handle[ImageZoomType.Full] = (image, bitmap) => { _image_helper.DrawImage(image, bitmap, new Rectangle(new Point(0, 0), bitmap.Size)); }; //原始 _image_helper._name_to_handle[ImageZoomType.Original] = (image, bitmap) => { _image_helper.DrawImage(image, bitmap, 1, new AnchorPoint(0.5, 0.5), new AnchorPoint(0.5, 0.5)); }; //溢出 _image_helper._name_to_handle[ImageZoomType.Overflow] = (image, bitmap) => { float proportion_x = (float)bitmap.Width / image.Width; float proportion_y = (float)bitmap.Height / image.Height; _image_helper.DrawImage(image, bitmap, proportion_x > proportion_y ? proportion_x : proportion_y, new AnchorPoint(0.5, 0.5), new AnchorPoint(0.5, 0.5)); }; //缩放 _image_helper._name_to_handle[ImageZoomType.Zoom] = (image, bitmap) => { float proportion_x = (float)bitmap.Width / image.Width; float proportion_y = (float)bitmap.Height / image.Height; _image_helper.DrawImage(image, bitmap, proportion_x < proportion_y ? proportion_x : proportion_y, new AnchorPoint(0.5, 0.5), new AnchorPoint(0.5, 0.5)); }; } return _image_helper; } /// <summary> /// 压缩图片 /// </summary> /// <param name="source_path">源数据位置</param> /// <param name="save_path">保存数据位置</param> /// <param name="save_size">保存图片大小</param> /// <param name="ztype">缩放模式</param> /// <param name="flag">图片保存品质</param> /// <returns>是否完成压缩</returns> public bool ImageCompress(string source_path, string save_path, Size save_size, ImageZoomType ztype, int flag) { bool success = false; Image source = null; while (true) { source = LoadImage(source_path); if (source == null) break; Bitmap bitmap = new Bitmap(save_size.Width, save_size.Height); if (_name_to_handle.ContainsKey(ztype)) { _name_to_handle[ztype](source, bitmap); } else { break; } success = SaveImage(bitmap, save_path, source.RawFormat, flag); break; } if (source != null) source.Dispose(); return success; } public Image LoadImage(string source_path) { Image image = null; while (true) { if (!File.Exists(source_path)) break; try { image = Image.FromFile(source_path); } catch { break; } break; } return image; } /// <summary> /// 将BitMap保存到磁盘上 /// </summary> /// <param name="image">需要保存的图片</param> /// <param name="save_path">保存的路径</param> /// <param name="format">保存格式</param> /// <param name="flag">保存质量</param> /// <returns></returns> public bool SaveImage(Bitmap image, string save_path, ImageFormat format, int flag) { //以下代码为保存图片时,设置压缩质量 EncoderParameters ep = new EncoderParameters(); long[] qy = new long[1]; qy[0] = flag;//设置压缩的比例1-100 EncoderParameter eParam = new EncoderParameter(System.Drawing.Imaging.Encoder.Quality, qy); ep.Param[0] = eParam; try { ImageCodecInfo[] arrayICI = ImageCodecInfo.GetImageEncoders(); ImageCodecInfo jpegICIinfo = null; for (int x = 0; x < arrayICI.Length; x++) { if (arrayICI[x].FormatDescription.Equals("JPEG")) { jpegICIinfo = arrayICI[x]; break; } } if (jpegICIinfo != null) { image.Save(save_path, jpegICIinfo, ep);//dFile是压缩后的新路径 } else { image.Save(save_path, format); } return true; } catch { return false; } finally { image.Dispose(); } } /// <summary> /// 画图 /// </summary> /// <param name="source">原始图像</param> /// <param name="output">输出图像</param> /// <param name="souce_scale">原始图像的缩放值</param> /// <param name="souce_anchor"></param> /// <param name="graphics_anchor"></param> public void DrawImage(Image source, Bitmap output, float souce_scale, AnchorPoint souce_anchor, AnchorPoint graphics_anchor) { DrawImage(source, output, souce_scale, souce_anchor, new Point((int)(output.Width * graphics_anchor.X), (int)(output.Height * graphics_anchor.Y))); } /// <summary> /// 画图 /// </summary> /// <param name="source">原始图像</param> /// <param name="output">输出凸显</param> /// <param name="source_scale">图像的所放值</param> /// <param name="source_anchor">源图像锚点</param> /// <param name="souce_point">图像位置</param> public void DrawImage(Image source, Bitmap output, float source_scale, AnchorPoint source_anchor, Point souce_point) { var pic_po = new Point((int)(souce_point.X - source.Size.Width * source_scale * source_anchor.X), (int)(souce_point.Y - source.Size.Height * source_scale * source_anchor.Y)); DrawImage(source, output, new Rectangle(pic_po, new Size((int)(source.Width * source_scale), (int)(source.Height * source_scale)))); } /// <summary> /// 画图 /// </summary> /// <param name="source"></param> /// <param name="output"></param> /// <param name="rect"></param> public void DrawImage(Image source, Bitmap output, Rectangle rect) { Graphics g = Graphics.FromImage(output); g.Clear(Color.WhiteSmoke); g.CompositingQuality = CompositingQuality.HighQuality; g.SmoothingMode = SmoothingMode.HighQuality; g.InterpolationMode = InterpolationMode.HighQualityBicubic; g.DrawImage(source, rect, 0, 0, source.Width, source.Height, GraphicsUnit.Pixel); g.Dispose(); } } }
PS:为了美观本文中的原始图片并不是原始图片,因为原始图片太大了。会造成页面滑动,所以我上传了一张较小的图片。Git的图片则是原始的图片