• dubbo与springmvc的简单使用


    什么是Dubbo?

    dubbo是阿里巴巴公司开源的高性能优秀服务框架,通过高性能的RPC(远程服务调用)实现服务的输入输出功能,可以与spring框架无缝整合;

    传统的架构所有的模块都在一台服务器上,单台服务器的性能毕竟有限,无法处理高并发,分布式服务将模块进行分离,通过多台服务器来分担一台服务器承受的压力。而多台服务器之间通信可以使用远程服务的调用。(自己理解的,如有不对还望指正);

    Dubbo运行的原理:

    1、Provider:服务的提供方;

    2、ConSumer:调用远程服务的消费方;

    3、Registry:服务注册与发现服务的注册中心(提供服务的一方在注册中心注册,消费者来到注册中心,注册中心提供给消费者已经注册服务的地址列表,消费者选择自己需要的服务去调用);

    4、Monitor:统计服务的调用次数和时间;

    5、Container:服务运行的容器;

    (服务提供者:小张(生产汽车轮胎),注册中心:小册,服务消费者:小李(生产汽车的,需要轮胎);首先小张去找小册,注册一个自己的地址,说我这有最好的汽车轮胎,小张注册完了之后。小李又去找小册,说想要买轮胎来造汽车,小册就告诉小张,我这有卖汽车轮胎的地址,你去找他吧,然后小李就去找小张买轮胎,买来轮胎装在汽车上,在这整个过程中,还有一个小雅,它相当于Monitor,先有小张注册,然后小李来问过之后又去找过小张,它对着整个过程都做了记录。)

    Dubbo的使用:

    1、注册中心使用zookeeper:搭建zookeeper环境,在这里只是简单的使用dubbo,搭建一个单机版的zookeeper,不涉及集群,我使用的docker来搭建zookeeper,相对来说还是比较简单的。可以根据这个博客搭建    https://blog.csdn.net/qq_26641781/article/details/80886831

    2、注册中心有了,然后开始敲代码:

      2.1、项目结构:

        

      一个聚合工程下创建三个子工程;其中controller是web项目,interface普通jar项目,service是web项目(创建项目就不详述了)  

      2.2、interface项目:只有一个接口TestInterface,

        

    package top.interface1;
    
    public interface TestInterface {
        public String getData(String data);
    }

      2.3、service项目(相当于提供者):对interface接口的实现,主要编写的TestService实现类,log4j文件,spring.xml文件,web.xml文件,pom.xml文件;

           

       由于需要使用到另一个项目的interface接口,先引入interface项目的依赖;

       POM.xml文件的配置:

    <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
      <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
      <parent>
        <groupId>top.free</groupId>
        <artifactId>testdubbo</artifactId>
        <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
      </parent>
      <artifactId>service</artifactId>
      <packaging>war</packaging>
      <dependencies>
      <!-- interface项目依赖,需要用到接口 -->
          <dependency>
              <groupId>top.free</groupId>
              <artifactId>interface</artifactId>
              <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
          </dependency>
          <!-- springweb模块依赖 -->
          <dependency>
              <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
              <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
              <version>5.1.5.RELEASE</version>
          </dependency>
          <!-- dubbo相关依赖 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
            <version>2.6.2</version>
        </dependency>
          <dependency>
                <groupId>org.apache.curator</groupId>
                <artifactId>curator-framework</artifactId>
                <version>2.8.0</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.apache.curator</groupId>
                <artifactId>curator-recipes</artifactId>
                <version>2.8.0</version>
            </dependency>
            <!-- zookeeper客户端依赖 -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.101tec</groupId>
                <artifactId>zkclient</artifactId>
                <version>0.10</version>   
            </dependency>
      </dependencies>
      <build>
          <plugins>
              <!-- tomcat插件,端口是8081 -->
            <plugin>
              <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
              <artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
              <version>2.2</version>
              <configuration>
                          <uriEncoding>UTF-8</uriEncoding>
                        <port>8081</port>
                        <path>/</path>
                    </configuration>
            </plugin>
          </plugins>
      </build>
    </project>

      TestService实现类:注意加@service注解

    package top.service;
    
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
    
    import top.interface1.TestInterface;
    
    @Service
    public class TestService implements TestInterface{
    
        @Override
        public String getData(String data) {
            return "小张生产了轮胎,"+data+"来买走了";
        }
    
    }

      log4j.properties文件:

    ###set log levels###
    log4j.rootLogger=info, stdout
    ###output to the console###
    log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
    log4j.appender.stdout.Target=System.out
    log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
    log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=[%d{dd/MM/yy hh:mm:ss:sss z}] %t %5p %c{2}: %m%n

       spring.xml文件:(重点)

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
        xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
        xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
        xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
        xmlns:dubbo="http://dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo"
        xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.3.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.3.xsd
             http://dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo http://dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.3.xsd">
      <!-- 扫描service包下的@Service注解 -->
      <context:component-scan base-package="top.service"></context:component-scan>
        <!-- 发布服务到注册中心,告诉注册中心我这有轮胎 -->
        <!-- 为服务起一个别名,别名可以随便起,最好能见名知意 -->
        <dubbo:application name="testprovider"/>
        <!--address 注册中心zookeeper的地址(替换成自己的地址)   protocol  指的是注册中心的协议的格式 -->
        <dubbo:registry address="192.168.25.130:2181" protocol="zookeeper"/>
        <!-- interface告诉注册中心是哪个类型 (这是轮胎)
             ref说明具体是哪个服务(实现类TestService的Bean名称,默认类名首字母小写)
             timeout连接超时的时间
        -->
        <dubbo:service interface="top.interface1.TestInterface" ref="testService" timeout="60000"></dubbo:service>
        <!--配置暴露服务端口(相当于这是轮胎厂的西门,只有这个开着,其他的都关着),协议是dubbo,消费者消费的时候必须通过端口来消费,端口可以随便写,但是不能被占用,一个dubbo,独占一个端口 -->
        <dubbo:protocol name="dubbo" port="12345"></dubbo:protocol>
    </beans>

      Web.xml文件:

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" version="2.5">
      <display-name>service</display-name>
    <!--字符编码
    过滤器-->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
      <init-param>
        <param-name>encoding</param-name>
        <param-value>utf-8</param-value>
      </init-param>
    </filter>
      <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
      </filter-mapping>
    <!--加载spring的配置文件-->
      <context-param>
              <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
              <param-value>classpath:spring.xml</param-value>
      </context-param>
    <!--spring监听器--> <listener> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class> </listener> </web-app>

     2.4、controller项目(消费者):TestController类,log4j文件(与service一致),spring.xml文件,pom.xml文件,Web.xml文件;

     

     由于Controller中需要注入Interface接口,所以也需要引入Interface项目的依赖:

    Pom.xml文件:

    <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
      <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
      <parent>
        <groupId>top.free</groupId>
        <artifactId>testdubbo</artifactId>
        <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
      </parent>
      <artifactId>controller</artifactId>
      <packaging>war</packaging>
      
      <dependencies>
          <!-- webmvc模块 -->
          <dependency>
              <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
              <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
              <version>5.1.5.RELEASE</version>
          </dependency>
          <!-- interface接口依赖 -->
          <dependency>
              <groupId>top.free</groupId>
              <artifactId>interface</artifactId>
              <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
          </dependency>
          <!-- dubbo依赖 -->
          <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
            <version>2.6.2</version> 
        </dependency>
              <dependency>
                <groupId>org.apache.curator</groupId>
                <artifactId>curator-framework</artifactId>
                <version>2.8.0</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.apache.curator</groupId>
                <artifactId>curator-recipes</artifactId>
                <version>2.8.0</version>
            </dependency>
            <!-- zookeeper依赖 -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.101tec</groupId>
                <artifactId>zkclient</artifactId>
                <version>0.10</version>   
        </dependency>
      </dependencies>
      
      <build>
          <plugins>
              <!-- tomcat插件,端口8082,与service项目端口不能一样 -->
            <plugin>
              <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
              <artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
              <version>2.2</version>
                      <configuration>
                          <uriEncoding>UTF-8</uriEncoding>
                        <port>8082</port>
                        <path>/</path>
                    </configuration>
            </plugin>
          </plugins>
      </build>
    </project>

     TestController类:

    package top.controller;
    
    
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
    
    import top.interface1.TestInterface;
    
    @RestController
    public class TestController {
        @Autowired
        private TestInterface test;
        //produces防止显示json数据页面乱码 @RequestMapping(value
    ="/test",produces = "text/json;charset=UTF-8" ) public String getData(String user) { String data = test.getData(user); return data; } }

     spring.xml文件:(重点)

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
        xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
        xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
        xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
        xmlns:dubbo="http://dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo"
        xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.3.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.3.xsd
             http://dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo http://dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.3.xsd">
        <!--扫描controller包下的注解-->
      <context:component-scan base-package="top.controller"></context:component-scan> <mvc:annotation-driven></mvc:annotation-driven> <!-- 消费者起一个别名,可以随便起,最好见名知意 --> <dubbo:application name="testconsumer"/> <!--address 注册中心的地址 protocol 指的是注册中心的协议的格式 --> <dubbo:registry address="192.168.25.130:2181" protocol="zookeeper"/> <!-- 告诉注册中心我需要一个轮胎,interface是Interface项目中的接口全路径 id指的是bean的引用 --> <dubbo:reference interface="top.interface1.TestInterface" id="testInterface"></dubbo:reference> </beans>

     Web.xml文件:

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" version="2.5">
      <display-name>controller</display-name>
       <filter>
              <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
              <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
              <init-param>
                  <param-name>encoding</param-name>
                  <param-value>utf-8</param-value>
              </init-param>
      </filter>
      <filter-mapping>
              <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
              <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
      </filter-mapping>
    <!--springmvc的前端控制器--> <servlet> <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
          <!--加载核心配置文件--> <init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:spring.xml</param-value> </init-param> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet>
    <!--拦截以.do结尾的所有请求--> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name> <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> </web-app>

    至此配置完成;

     测试:

      首先安装整个聚合工程到本地,在聚合工程上右键run as-------》Maven install;安装过程中没报错,配置成功;

       启动service项目:在service项目上右键:Run as ------》Maven build...(注意是有三个点的)------》会出现如下界面:

      

       启动controller项目:与service步骤一致,命令不变;

     在浏览器中输入localhost:8082/test.do?user=张三(这里访问的是controller项目启动的tomcat端口)

    dubbo的简单使用完成;

    如果启动时遇到:

    [ERROR] Failed to execute goal org.apache.maven.plugins:maven-clean-plugin:2.5:clean (default-clean) on project controller: Failed to clean project: Failed to delete E:Spring STS程序	estdubbocontroller	arget	omcatlogsaccess_log.2019-05-16 -> [Help 1]
    [ERROR] 
    [ERROR] To see the full stack trace of the errors, re-run Maven with the -e switch.
    [ERROR] Re-run Maven using the -X switch to enable full debug logging.
    [ERROR] 
    [ERROR] For more information about the errors and possible solutions, please read the following articles:
    [ERROR] [Help 1] http://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/MAVEN/MojoExecutionException

     有相同的启动程序未关闭:点击打开会看到有未关闭的,关闭之后重新启动;(启动顺序是先启动service,再启动controller,否则先启动controller会因为查找不到服务而报错)

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/YpfBolg/p/10878349.html
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