• Servlet学习之Request


    一、request

    由于request我们在前面已经介绍过这边就不再继续介绍了,并且request和response也比较相像所以下面就直接贴代码了。

    1.获取请求行

    /*******************获取请求行*******************/
    		//1.获取请求方式 get post
    		String method = request.getMethod();
    		System.out.println(method);
    		
    		//2.获取请求资源 URL URI
    		String requestURI = request.getRequestURI();
    		StringBuffer requestURL = request.getRequestURL();
    		System.out.println(requestURL);
    		System.out.println(requestURI);
    		
    		//3.获取get请求参数
    		String queryString = request.getQueryString();
    		System.out.println(queryString);
    		
    		//4.获取web应用名称
    		String contextPath = request.getContextPath();
    		System.out.println(contextPath);
    

    2.获取请求头

    /*****************获取请求头**********************/
    		/*
    		 * //1.获取所有请求头名称
             * Enumeration<String> headerNames = request.getHeaderNames();
    		 * while(headerNames.hasMoreElements()) {
    		 * System.out.println(headerNames.nextElement()); }
    		 * 
    		 * //2.根据名称获取指定名称头信息 
    		 * String host = request.getHeader("host");
    		 * System.out.println(host);
    		 */
    		
    		//3.打印所有的请求头和请求头内容
    		Enumeration<String> headerNames = request.getHeaderNames();
    		while(headerNames.hasMoreElements()) {
    			String headerName = headerNames.nextElement();
    			String header = request.getHeader(headerName);
    			System.out.println(headerName+": "+header);
    		}
    

    3.获取请求体

    /*****************获取请求体**********************/
    		/*
    		 * //1.获取一个值 String gender = request.getParameter("gender");
    		 * System.out.println(gender); //2.获取多个值 String[] values =
    		 * request.getParameterValues("hobby"); System.out.println(values.toString());
    		 * //3.获取所有请求参数名称 Enumeration<String> names = request.getParameterNames();
    		 * while(names.hasMoreElements()) { String name = names.nextElement();
    		 * System.out.println(name); }
    		 */
    		//4.获取所有的请求参数
    		Map<String, String[]> parameterMap = request.getParameterMap();
    		for (Map.Entry<String, String[]> entry: parameterMap.entrySet()) {
    			System.out.println(entry.getKey());
    			System.out.println(Arrays.toString(entry.getValue()));
    		}
    		
    		User u = new User();
    		try {
    			BeanUtils.populate(u, parameterMap);
    			System.out.println(u);
    		} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
    			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
    			e.printStackTrace();
    		} catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
    			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
    			e.printStackTrace();
    		}
    

    获取请求体我们用到了一个BeanUtil小工具,需要额外配置jar包,BeanUtil可以很方便的把从request中接收到的所有参数封装进我们实现写好的javabean中。如下面一个例子:

    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html>
    <head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Insert title here</title>
    </head>
    <body>
    	<form action="/Request/RequestServlet">
    		<input type="text" placeholder="请输入.." name="userName"><br /> 
    		<input type="text" placeholder="请输入.." name="pwd"><br />
    		
    		性别:
    		<input type="radio" name="gender" value="man">男
    		<input type="radio" name="gender" value="female">女<br/>
    		爱好:
    		<input type="checkbox" value="cy" name="hobby">抽烟
    		<input type="checkbox" value="hj" name="hobby">喝酒
    		<input type="checkbox" value="tt" name="hobby">抽烟
    		
    		<input type="submit" value="提交">
    	</form>
    </body>
    </html>
    

    相应的javabean为

    public class User {
    	String gender;
    	String userName;
    	String pwd;
    	String[] hobby;
    	public String getGender() {
    		return gender;
    	}
    	public void setGender(String gender) {
    		this.gender = gender;
    	}
    	public String getUserName() {
    		return userName;
    	}
    	public void setUserName(String userName) {
    		this.userName = userName;
    	}
    	public String getPwd() {
    		return pwd;
    	}
    	public void setPwd(String pwd) {
    		this.pwd = pwd;
    	}
    	public String[] getHobby() {
    		return hobby;
    	}
    	public void setHobby(String[] hobby) {
    		this.hobby = hobby;
    	}
    	@Override
    	public String toString() {
    		return "User [gender=" + gender + ", userName=" + userName + ", pwd=" + pwd + ", hobby="
    				+ Arrays.toString(hobby) + "]";
    	}
    	
    	
    }
    
    

    二、请求转发

    我们之前提到过重定向问题,重定向是指浏览器发来的请求先找到servlet1,在servlet1中通过设置响应告诉浏览器, 再让浏览器发送请求到servlet2。总共发送了两次请求并且地址栏会发生变化。而请求转发不一样,请求转发只需要发送一次请求找servlet1,然后在servlet1当中直接转发给servlet2,不要再告诉浏览器。只发送一次请求浏览器地址栏当中还是servlet1,不会发生变化

    //获取转发器
    RequestDispatcher dispatcher = request.getRequestDispatcher("/Servlet2");
    //转发
    dispatcher.forward(request, response);
    

    request域对象

    再一次请求过程当中request是可以共享数据的。什么是一次请求过程?我们上文提到请求转发中浏览器请求到servlet1而servlet1在转发给servlet2这个过程就叫一次转发过程。其中servlet1是可以通过request向servlet2传递数据的。但是仅仅是将servlet1中数据复制一份给servlet2而已,两个servlet中并不是同一个request对象。

    servlet1中的service:

    protected void service(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
    		request.setAttribute("lk", "12345");
    		System.out.println(request);
    		
    		RequestDispatcher dispatcher = request.getRequestDispatcher("/Servlet2");
    		dispatcher.forward(request, response);
    	}
    

    servlet2中的service:

    protected void service(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
    		System.out.println("servlet2");
    		System.out.println(request.getAttribute("lk"));
    		System.out.println(request);
    	}
    

    从结果我们可以看到两者并不是同一个对象,他们做的只是数据的传递。

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/ThinMoon/p/12404369.html
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