Vue-router重修01

---恢复内容开始---

1、在vue中获取dom

vue中不建议您亲自进行dom操作

vue实例内置ref属性存储或获取相应的dom元素

<div ref="dv"></div>
...
console.log(this.$refs.dv)//通过this.$refs来获取

ref可以获取组件（将获取组件对象）或dom元素。重名将覆盖。不建议经常使用

2、给DOM元素添加事件的特殊情况(介绍nextTick)

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
    <title>Document</title>
    <script src="./node_modules/vue/dist/vue.js"></script>
</head>

<body>
    <div id="app"></div>
</body>
<script>
    let temp = {
        template: 
        '<div><input ref="input" type="text" v-show="isShow"></input></div>',
        mounted() {
            this.isShow=true
            //this.$refs.input.focus()
            //无法正常进行焦点获取，此时DOM还没有更新完成,无法获取
            //为此使用VUE的$nextTick来完成相应的功能
            this.$nextTick(function(){
                this.$refs.input.focus()
            })
        },
        data: function () {
            return { isShow: false }
        }
    }
    new Vue({
        el: '#app',
        template: "<temp></temp>",
        data() {
            return {
            }
        },
        components: {
            temp
        }

    })
</script>

</html>

3、前端路由的原理

1）url中#后的即为哈希值

router-link默认渲染为a

其to属性渲染为href

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
    <title>Document</title>
    <script src="./node_modules/vue/dist/vue.js"></script>
    <script src="./node_modules/vue-router/dist/vue-router.js"></script>
</head>

<body>
    <div id="app"></div>
</body>
<script>
    Vue.use(VueRouter)//显式声明使用

    let login = {
        template: '<h2>login</h2>'
    }
    let register = {
        template: '<h2>register</h2>'
    }

    let router = new VueRouter({
        routes: [
            { path: '/login', component: login },
            { path: '/register', component: register }
        ]
    })

    let App = {
        template: `<div>
        <router-link to='/login'>登录</router-link>
        <router-link to='/register'>注册</router-link>
        <router-view></router-view>
        </div>`
    }
    new Vue({
        el: '#app',
        template: "<App />",
        data() {
            return {
            }
        },
        components: {
            App
        },
        router//记得注册路由
    })
</script>

</html>

$route：路由信息对象

$router:路由实例对象

2）命名路由及其使用方法

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
    <title>Document</title>
    <script src="./node_modules/vue/dist/vue.js"></script>
    <script src="./node_modules/vue-router/dist/vue-router.js"></script>
</head>

<body>
    <div id="app"></div>
</body>
<script>
    Vue.use(VueRouter)//显式声明使用

    let login = {
        template: '<h2>login</h2>'
    }
    let register = {
        template: '<h2>register</h2>'
    }

    let router = new VueRouter({
        routes: [
            { path: '/login', name: 'login', component: login },
            { path: '/register', name: 'register', component: register }
        ]
    })

    let App = {
        template: `<div>
        <router-link :to='{name:"login"}'>登录</router-link>
        <router-link :to='{name:"register"}'>注册</router-link>
        <router-view></router-view>
        </div>`
    }
    new Vue({
        el: '#app',
        template: "<App />",
        data() {
            return {
            }
        },
        components: {
            App
        },
        router//记得注册路由
    })
</script>

</html>

路由范式

即动态路由

param使用示例如下：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
    <title>Document</title>
    <script src="./node_modules/vue/dist/vue.js"></script>
    <script src="./node_modules/vue-router/dist/vue-router.js"></script>
</head>

<body>
    <div id="app"></div>
</body>
<script>
    Vue.use(VueRouter)//显式声明使用

    let login = {
        template: '<h2>login</h2>'
    }
    let register = {
        template: '<h2>register</h2>'
    }

    let router = new VueRouter({
        routes: [
            {//以下针对param的，query无须其他处理就可以被获取
                path: '/login/:id/:psword',
                name: 'login',
                component: login
            },
            {
                path: '/register/:username',
                name: 'register',
                component: register
            }
        ]
    })

    let App = {
        template: `<div>
        <router-link :to="{name:'login',params:{id:1,psword:12345}}">登录</router-link>
        <router-link :to="{name:'register',params:{username:'linda'}}">注册</router-link>
        <router-view></router-view>
        </div>`
    }
    new Vue({
        el: '#app',
        template: "<App />",
        data() {
            return {
            }
        },
        components: {
            App
        },
        router//记得注册路由
    })
</script>

</html>

query示例如下

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
    <title>Document</title>
    <script src="./node_modules/vue/dist/vue.js"></script>
    <script src="./node_modules/vue-router/dist/vue-router.js"></script>
</head>

<body>
    <div id="app"></div>
</body>
<script>
    Vue.use(VueRouter)//显式声明使用

    let login = {
        template: '<h2>login</h2>'
    }
    let register = {
        template: '<h2>register</h2>'
    }

    let router = new VueRouter({
        routes: [
            {//query无须其他处理就可以被获取,自动拼接在url后
                path: '/login',
                name: 'login',
                component: login
            },
            {
                path: '/register',
                name: 'register',
                component: register
            }
        ]
    })

    let App = {
        template: `<div>
        <router-link :to="{name:'login',query:{id:1,psword:12345}}">登录</router-link>
        <router-link :to="{name:'register',query:{username:'linda'}}">注册</router-link>
        <router-view></router-view>
        </div>`
    }
    new Vue({
        el: '#app',
        template: "<App />",
        data() {
            return {
            }
        },
        components: {
            App
        },
        router//记得注册路由
    })
</script>

</html>

4）vue-router抛出的两个对象router/route 路由实例对象/路由信息对象

5）嵌套路由

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
    <title>Document</title>
    <script src="./node_modules/vue/dist/vue.js"></script>
    <script src="./node_modules/vue-router/dist/vue-router.js"></script>
</head>

<body>
    <div id="app"></div>
</body>
<script>
    Vue.use(VueRouter)//显式声明使用


    let login = {
        template: '<h2>login</h2>',

    }
    let register = {
        template: '<h2>register</h2>',

    }
    let home = {
        template: `<div><h1>首页</h1>
            <router-link to="/home/login">登录</router-link>
        <router-link to="/home/register">注册</router-link>
        <router-view></router-view>
        </div>`
    }

    let router = new VueRouter({
        routes: [
            {
                path: '/home',
                component: home,
                children: [{
                    path: 'login',//前面不要带/，否则以根路径请求
                    component: login
                },
                {
                    path: 'register',
                    component: register
                }
                ]
            },

        ]
    })

    let App = {
        template: `<div>
        <router-view></router-view>
        </div>`
    }
    new Vue({
        el: '#app',
        template: '<App />',
        data() {
            return {
            }
        },
        components: {
            App
        },
        router//记得注册路由
    })
</script>

</html>

各子组件dom结构不一样时才使用嵌套路由

5）监视路由变化

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
    <title>Document</title>
    <script src="./node_modules/vue/dist/vue.js"></script>
    <script src="./node_modules/vue-router/dist/vue-router.js"></script>
</head>

<body>
    <div id="app"></div>
</body>
<script>
    Vue.use(VueRouter)//显式声明使用


    let login = {
        template: '<h2>login</h2>',

    }

    let step = {
        template: '<h3>{{this.$route.params.id}}注册开始</h3>',
        created () {
            console.log("step组件被创建了")
        }
    }



    let register = {//注意，通过监听路由参数切换组件时，vue将对同一组件进行复用，不再调用钩子
        template: `<div><h2>register</h2>
        <router-link :to='{name:"step",params:{id:"007"}}'>007注册</router-link>
        <router-link :to='{name:"step",params:{id:"008"}}'>008注册</router-link>
        <router-view></router-view></div>`,

    }
    let home = {
        template: `<div><h1>首页</h1>
            <router-link to="/home/login">登录</router-link>
        <router-link to="/home/register">注册</router-link>
        <router-view></router-view>
        </div>`
    }

    let router = new VueRouter({
        routes: [
            {
                path: '/',
                redirect: 'home'
            },
            {
                path: '/home',
                component: home,
                children: [{
                    path: 'login',//前面不要带/，否则以根路径请求
                    component: login
                },
                {
                    path: 'register',
                    component: register,
                    children: [
                        { path: 'step/:id', component: step, name: "step" },
                    ]
                }
                ]
            },

        ]
    })

    let App = {
        template: `<div>
        <router-view></router-view>
        </div>`
    }
    new Vue({
        el: '#app',
        template: '<App />',
        data() {
            return {
            }
        },
        components: {
            App
        },
        router//记得注册路由
    })
</script>

</html>

6）结合watch监视并响应路由的变化

可以使用watch或vue2.2新特性中的beforeRouterUpdata来监听变化并做出响应

动态路由匹配和嵌套路由的应用场景：

公共组件里面/组件结构不一致

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原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/Tanqurey/p/10766758.html