account 账户
account payable 应付账款
annual report 年度报告
assets 资产
audit 审计
auditor’s opinion 审计意见书
balance sheet 资产负债表
balance sheet equation 资产负债表等式
capital 资本
capital stock certificate 股本证明书
certified public accountant(CPA) 注册会计师
common stock 普通股
compound entry 复合分录
corporation 公司
creditor 债权人
debtor 债务人
entity 主体(会计主体)
financial accounting 财务会计
GAAP 一般公认会计原则
generally accepted accounting principles
一般公认会计原则
independent opinion 独立意见书
inventory 存货
liabilities负债
limited liability 有限责任
management accounting 管理会计
notes payable 应付票据
open account ①未清账;②赊账,指赊购和记账交易
owners’ equity 所有者权益
paid-in capital 投入资本(缴入股本)
paid-in capital in excess of par value 超面值缴入股本
partnership 合伙企业
par value 票面价值
privately accounting 企业会计
privately owned 私有公司
public accounting 公共会计
publicly owned 国有企业
reliability 可靠性
shareholders’ equity 股东权益
sole proprietorship 独资企业
stated value 股本
statement of financial condition 财务状况表
statement of financial position 财务状况表
stock certificate 股票凭证
stockholders’ equity 股东权益
transaction 交易
Accounting Principle Board (APB) (美国)会计准则委员会
accrual basis 权责发生制(应计制)
AICPA 美国注册会计师协会
APB Opinions 会计准则委员会意见书
cash basis 收付实现制(现金收付制)
cash dividends 现金股利
cash flow statement 现金流量表
cost of goods sold 销售成本
cost of sales 销售成本
cost recovery 成本收回
depreciation 折旧
earnings 收益(利润)
expenses费用
Financial Accounting Standards Board
(FASB) (美国)财务会计准则委员会
FASB Statement 财务会计委员会公告
fiscal year ①会计年度(财务年度);②财政年度
income 利润(收益)
income statement利润表
interim periods 期间
International Accounting Standards
Committee(IASC)国际会计准则委员会
matching 配比原则
net income 净利润
operating cycle 营业周期
operating statement 营业报表
period costs 期间费用
product costs 制造成本
profit 利润
P&L statement 损益表
recognition 确认
reinvested earnings 留存收益
results of operations 损益表
retained earnings 留存收益
retained income留存收益
revenue 收入
sales 销售额
sales revenue 销售收入
Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)(美国)证券交易委员会
statement of cash flows 现金流量表
statement of earnings 收益表
statement of income 利润表
statement of income and retained income 损益和留存收益表
statement of operations 损益表
statement of retained income 留存收益表
statement of revenue and expenses 损益表
Chapter 3
accumulated depreciation 累计折旧
allowance for depreciation 折旧备抵账户
balance 余额
book of original entry 原始分录账簿
book value 账面价值
carrying amount 账面价值
carrying value 账面价值
charge ①费用;②赊账,指赊欠而采用记账的方式;③留置权
chart of account 会计科目表
compound entry 复合分录
continuity convention 持续经营惯例
contra account 抵减账户
contra asset 抵减资产
cost-benefit criterion 成本-效益标准
credit 贷方
cross-referencing 对照检录
data processing 数据处理过程
debit 借方
double-entry system 复式记账系统
general journal 普通日记账
general ledger 总分类账
going concern convention 持续经营惯例
journal entry 日记账分录
journalizing 记录日记账
keying of entries 分录锁定
ledger 分类账
materiality convention 重要性惯例
net book value 账面净值
posting 过账
simple entry 简单分录
source document 原始凭证
T-account T-型账户
trial balance 试算平衡表
Chapter 4
account FORMat 账户格式
accrue 应计
adjusting entries 调整分录
adjustment 调整
classified balance sheet 分类资产负债表
current assets 流动资产
current liabilities 流动负债
current ratio 流动比率
deferred credit 递延贷项
deferred revenue 递延收入
explicit transactions 明计交易
gross margin 毛利
gross margin percentage 毛利率
gross profit毛利
gross profit percentage 毛利率
implicit transactions 内含成本
multiple-step income statement 多步式利润表
operating income 营业收益
operating profit营业利润
pretax income 税前收益
profitability evaluation 获利能力评估
report FORMat 报告式
return on sales ratio 销售回报率
return on stockholders’ equity ratio 股东权益回报率
single-step income statement 单步式利润表
solvency 偿债能力
unearned revenue 未实现收入(预收账款)
working capital 营运资本
working capital ratio 营运资本比率
Chapter 5
accounting cycle 会计循环
auditor 审计师Chapter 10
annuity 年金
bearer instrument
bonds 债券
callable bonds 可赎债券,可提前兑回债券
call premium 提前兑回溢价
capital lease 资本租赁(指融资租赁)
compound interest 复利
compound interest method 复利法
contingent liability 或有负债
contractual rate 合同比率
convertible bonds 可兑换债券
coupon rate 息票利率
covenant 合同条款
current yield 本期收益率
closing entries 结账分录
closing the books 结账
comparative financial statement 比较财务报表
permanent account 永久账户
reversing entries 回转分录
special journals 特种日记账
temporary accounts 临时账户
working paper 工作表
work sheet 工作底稿
Chapter 6
accounts receivable 应收账款
accounts receivable turnover 应收账款周转率
aging of accounts receivable 应收账款账龄分析法
allowance for bad debts 坏账准备
allowance for doubtful accounts 坏账准备
allowance for uncollectible 坏账准备
allowance method 备抵法
average collection period 平均收账期
bad debt recoveries 坏账收回
bad debts 坏账
bad debts expense 坏账费用
cash discounts 现金折扣
cash equivalents 现金等价物
compensating balances 补偿性存款额
days to collect account receivable 应收账款收回天数
gross sales 销售收入总额
net sales 销售净额
percentage of accounts receivable method
应收账款百分比法
percentage of sales method 销售百分比法
Chapter 7
conservatism 稳健性,保守性
consistency 一致性
cost of goods available for sale
cost valuation 成本计价
finished goods inventory 产成品存货
first-in, first-out(FIFO) 先进先出
F.O.B. destination
F.O.B. shipping point
freight in 运入运费
freight out 运出运费
gross profit test 毛利测试法
holding gain 资产置存收益
inventory profit 存货利润,存货盈利
inventory shrinkage
inventory turnover 存货周转率
inward transportation 运入运费
last-in, first-out(LIFO) 后进先出
LIFO increment
LIFO layer后进先出存货层次
LIFO reserve
lower-of-cost-or-market method(LCM) 成本与市价孰低
periodic inventory system 存货定期盘存制度
perpetual inventory system 存货永续盘存制度
physical count 实物盘点
raw material inventory 原材料存货
replacement cost 重置成本
retailer 零售商
specific identification method 个别鉴定法
weighted-average cost 加权平均成本
wholesaler 批发商
work in process inventory 在制品
write-down 减值
Chapter 8
accounting system 会计系统
audit committee 审计委员会
bank reconciliation 银行对账单
consignment 寄销
cutoff error 截止错误,截账误差
Foreign Corrupt Practices Act 反国外行贿法案
general controls 一般控制
input controls 输入控制
internal control 内部控制
imprest basis 定额备用金制
management reports 管理报告
output controls 输出控制
processing controls 过程控制
retail inventory method 零售价盘存法
retail method 零售法
Chapter 9
accelerated depreciation 加速折旧
amortization 摊销
basket purchase 一揽子采购
betterment 改造投资,改造工程投资
capital improvement 资本改造支出
capitalized 资本化
copyright 版权
deferred charges 递延费用
depletion 折耗
depreciable value 应计折旧
depreciation schedule 折旧计划表
disposal value 残值
double-declining-balance depreciation
(DDB) 双倍余额递减法
economic life 经济寿命
expenditures 支出
fixed assets 固定资产
franchises 特许经营权,专营权
goodwill 商誉
improvement 改造投资
intangible assets 无形资产
leasehold 租赁权
leasehold improvement 租赁资产改良投资
licenses 许可(证)
long-lived assets 长期资产
patents 专利权
plant assets 固定资产
residual value 剩余价值
salvage value 残值
scrap value 废料价值
straight-line depreciation 直线折旧
tangible assets 有形资产
terminal value 终值
trademarks 商标
unit depreciation 单件折旧
useful life 使用寿命
Chapter 10
annuity 年金
bearer instrument
bonds 债券
callable bonds 可赎债券,可提前兑回债券
call premium 提前兑回溢价
capital lease 资本租赁(指融资租赁)
compound interest 复利
compound interest method 复利法
contingent liability 或有负债
contractual rate 合同比率
convertible bonds 可兑换债券
coupon rate 息票利率
covenant 合同条款
current yield 本期收益率