A1042 Shuffling Machine洗牌机器

Shuffling is a procedure used to randomize a deck of playing cards. Because standard shuffling techniques are seen as weak, and in order to avoid "inside jobs" where employees collaborate with gamblers by performing inadequate shuffles, many casinos employ automatic shuffling machines. Your task is to simulate a shuffling machine.

The machine shuffles a deck of 54 cards according to a given random order and repeats for a given number of times. It is assumed that the initial status of a card deck is in the following order:

S1, S2, ..., S13, 
H1, H2, ..., H13, 
C1, C2, ..., C13, 
D1, D2, ..., D13, 
J1, J2

where "S" stands for "Spade", "H" for "Heart", "C" for "Club", "D" for "Diamond", and "J" for "Joker". A given order is a permutation of distinct integers in [1, 54]. If the number at the i-th position is j, it means to move the card from position i to position j. For example, suppose we only have 5 cards: S3, H5, C1, D13 and J2. Given a shuffling order {4, 2, 5, 3, 1}, the result will be: J2, H5, D13, S3, C1. If we are to repeat the shuffling again, the result will be: C1, H5, S3, J2, D13.

Input Specification:

Each input file contains one test case. For each case, the first line contains a positive integer K (≤) which is the number of repeat times. Then the next line contains the given order. All the numbers in a line are separated by a space.

Output Specification:

For each test case, print the shuffling results in one line. All the cards are separated by a space, and there must be no extra space at the end of the line.

Sample Input:

2
36 52 37 38 3 39 40 53 54 41 11 12 13 42 43 44 2 4 23 24 25 26 27 6 7 8 48 49 50 51 9 10 14 15 16 5 17 18 19 1 20 21 22 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 45 46 47

Sample Output:

S7 C11 C10 C12 S1 H7 H8 H9 D8 D9 S11 S12 S13 D10 D11 D12 S3 S4 S6 S10 H1 H2 C13 D2 D3 D4 H6 H3 D13 J1 J2 C1 C2 C3 C4 D1 S5 H5 H11 H12 C6 C7 C8 C9 S2 S8 S9 H10 D5 D6 D7 H4 H13 C5

思路：

•设两个数组start[]和end[],分别用来存放执行操作前和执行操作后的牌序，执行完一次，用end[]覆盖start[]，每一次变换在两个数组之间反复进行。另外，用数组next[]保存输入的每个位置上的牌在操作后的位置

•两个映射：

输出到编号的映射 第一二行

编号到下一次位置的映射 第二三行

S1	S2	….	S13	H1
1	2	…	13	14
Next[1]	Next[2]	…	Next[13]	Next[14]

以上参考《算法笔记》和自己的理解(*/ω＼*)

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
const int MAX = 54;
int main() {
    int k;
    int start[MAX + 1], end[MAX + 1], next[MAX + 1];
    cin >> k;
    for (int i = 1; i <= MAX; i++)
        cin >> next[i];
    for (int i = 1; i <= MAX; i++)
        start[i] = i;//use id to initilize start[] 
    for (int i = 0; i < k; i++) {
        for (int j = 1; j <= MAX; j++) {
            end[next[j]] = start[j];
        }
        for (int j = 1; j <= MAX; j++) {
            start[j] = end[j];
        }
    }
    char mp[5] = { 'S','H','C','D','J' };
    for (int i = 1; i <= MAX; i++) {
        if (i != 1)cout << " ";
        cout << mp[(start[i]-1) / 13] << (start[i]-1) % 13+1;
    }
    return 0;
}