准备工作
- 15min
- IDEA
- maven 3.0
在开始构建项目之前，机器需要安装rabbitmq，你可以去官网下载，http://www.rabbitmq.com/download.html ，如果你是用的Mac（程序员都应该用mac吧），你可以这样下载：
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brew install rabbitmq |
安装完成后开启服务器：
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rabbitmq-server |
开启服务器成功，你可以看到以下信息：
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RabbitMQ 3.1.3. Copyright (C) 2007-2013 VMware, Inc.## ## Licensed under the MPL. See http://www.rabbitmq.com/## ############ Logs: /usr/local/var/log/rabbitmq/rabbit@localhost.log###### ## /usr/local/var/log/rabbitmq/rabbit@localhost-sasl.log########## Starting broker... completed with 6 plugins. |
构建工程
构架一个SpringBoot工程，其pom文件依赖加上spring-boot-starter-amqp的起步依赖：
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<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId> </dependency> |
创建消息接收者
在任何的消息队列程序中，你需要创建一个消息接收者，用于响应发送的消息。
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@Componentpublic class Receiver { private CountDownLatch latch = new CountDownLatch(1); public void receiveMessage(String message) { System.out.println("Received <" + message + ">"); latch.countDown(); } public CountDownLatch getLatch() { return latch; }} |
消息接收者是一个简单的POJO类，它定义了一个方法去接收消息，当你注册它去接收消息，你可以给它取任何的名字。其中，它有CountDownLatch这样的一个类，它是用于告诉发送者消息已经收到了，你不需要在应用程序中具体实现它，只需要latch.countDown()就行了。
创建消息监听，并发送一条消息
在spring程序中，RabbitTemplate提供了发送消息和接收消息的所有方法。你只需简单的配置下就行了：
- 需要一个消息监听容器
- 声明一个quene,一个exchange,并且绑定它们
- 一个组件去发送消息
代码清单如下：
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package com.forezp;import com.forezp.message.Receiver;import org.springframework.amqp.core.Binding;import org.springframework.amqp.core.BindingBuilder;import org.springframework.amqp.core.Queue;import org.springframework.amqp.core.TopicExchange;import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.connection.ConnectionFactory;import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.listener.SimpleMessageListenerContainer;import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.listener.adapter.MessageListenerAdapter;import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;@SpringBootApplicationpublic class SpringbootRabbitmqApplication { final static String queueName = "spring-boot"; @Bean Queue queue() { return new Queue(queueName, false); } @Bean TopicExchange exchange() { return new TopicExchange("spring-boot-exchange"); } @Bean Binding binding(Queue queue, TopicExchange exchange) { return BindingBuilder.bind(queue).to(exchange).with(queueName); } @Bean SimpleMessageListenerContainer container(ConnectionFactory connectionFactory, MessageListenerAdapter listenerAdapter) { SimpleMessageListenerContainer container = new SimpleMessageListenerContainer(); container.setConnectionFactory(connectionFactory); container.setQueueNames(queueName); container.setMessageListener(listenerAdapter); return container; } @Bean MessageListenerAdapter listenerAdapter(Receiver receiver) { return new MessageListenerAdapter(receiver, "receiveMessage"); } public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(SpringbootRabbitmqApplication.class, args); }} |
创建一个测试方法：
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@Componentpublic class Runner implements CommandLineRunner { private final RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate; private final Receiver receiver; private final ConfigurableApplicationContext context; public Runner(Receiver receiver, RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate, ConfigurableApplicationContext context) { this.receiver = receiver; this.rabbitTemplate = rabbitTemplate; this.context = context; } @Override public void run(String... args) throws Exception { System.out.println("Sending message..."); rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(Application.queueName, "Hello from RabbitMQ!"); receiver.getLatch().await(10000, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS); context.close(); }} |
启动程序，你会发现控制台打印：
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Sending message...Received <Hello from RabbitMQ!> |
