一、基于TCP协议
基于tcp的套接字,关键就是两个循环,一个链接循环,一个通信循环
socketserver模块中分两大类:server类(解决链接问题)和request类(解决通信问题)
1.1 server类
1.2 request类
1.3 继承关系
1.4 服务端
import socketserver
class MyHandler(socketserver.BaseRequestHandler):
def handle(self):
# 通信循环
while True:
# print(self.client_address)
# print(self.request) #self.request=conn
try:
data = self.request.recv(1024)
if len(data) == 0: break
self.request.send(data.upper())
except ConnectionResetError:
break
if __name__ == '__main__':
s = socketserver.ThreadingTCPServer(('127.0.0.1', 8080), MyHandler, bind_and_activate=True)
s.serve_forever() # 代表连接循环
# 循环建立连接,每建立一个连接就会启动一个线程(服务员)+调用Myhanlder类产生一个对象,调用该对象下的handle方法,专门与刚刚建立好的连接做通信循环
1.5 客户端
import socket
phone = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
phone.connect(('127.0.0.1', 8080)) # 指定服务端ip和端口
while True:
# msg=input('>>: ').strip() #msg=''
msg = 'client33333' # msg=''
if len(msg) == 0: continue
phone.send(msg.encode('utf-8'))
data = phone.recv(1024)
print(data)
phone.close()
1.6 客户端1
import socket
phone = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
phone.connect(('127.0.0.1', 8080)) # 指定服务端ip和端口
while True:
# msg=input('>>: ').strip() #msg=''
msg = 'client11111' # msg=''
if len(msg) == 0: continue
phone.send(msg.encode('utf-8'))
data = phone.recv(1024)
print(data)
phone.close()
二、基于UDP协议
2.1 服务端
import socketserver
class MyHandler(socketserver.BaseRequestHandler):
def handle(self):
# 通信循环
print(self.client_address)
print(self.request)
data = self.request[0]
print('客户消息', data)
self.request[1].sendto(data.upper(), self.client_address)
if __name__ == '__main__':
s = socketserver.ThreadingUDPServer(('127.0.0.1', 8080), MyHandler)
s.serve_forever()
2.2 客户端
import socket
client = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM) # 数据报协议-》udp
while True:
# msg=input('>>: ').strip() #msg=''
msg = 'client1111'
client.sendto(msg.encode('utf-8'), ('127.0.0.1', 8080))
data, server_addr = client.recvfrom(1024)
print(data)
client.close()
2.3 客户端1
import socket
client = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM) # 数据报协议-》udp
while True:
# msg=input('>>: ').strip() #msg=''
msg = 'client2222'
client.sendto(msg.encode('utf-8'), ('127.0.0.1', 8080))
data, server_addr = client.recvfrom(1024)
print(data)
client.close()
三、socketserver源码分析
ftpserver=socketserver.ThreadingTCPServer(('127.0.0.1', 8080),FtpServer)
ftpserver.serve_forever()
查找属性的顺序:ThreadingTCPServer->ThreadingMixIn->TCPServer->BaseServer
1.实例化得到ftpserver,先找类ThreadingTCPServer的__init__,在TCPServer中找到,进而执行server_bind,server_active
2.找ftpserver下的serve_forever,在BaseServer中找到,进而执行self._handle_request_noblock(),该方法同样是在BaseServer中
3.执行self._handle_request_noblock()进而执行request, client_address = self.get_request()(就是TCPServer中的self.socket.accept()),然后执行self.process_request(request, client_address)
4.在ThreadingMixIn中找到process_request,开启多线程应对并发,进而执行process_request_thread,执行self.finish_request(request, client_address)
5.上述四部分完成了链接循环,本部分开始进入处理通讯部分,在BaseServer中找到finish_request,触发我们自己定义的类的实例化,去找__init__方法,而我们自己定义的类没有该方法,则去它的父类也就是BaseRequestHandler中找....
3.1 源码总结
基于tcp的socketserver我们自己定义的类中的
- self.server即套接字对象
- self.request即一个链接
self.client_address即客户端地址
基于udp的socketserver我们自己定义的类中的self.request是一个元组(第一个元素是客户端发来的数据,第二部分是服务端的udp套接字对象),如(b'adsf', <socket.socket fd=200, family=AddressFamily.AF_INET, type=SocketKind.SOCK_DGRAM, proto=0, laddr=('127.0.0.1', 8080)>)self.client_address即客户端地址