Spring-MVC

结构：

pom.xml：

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>com.spring</groupId>
    <artifactId>HelloSpringMVC</artifactId>
    <packaging>war</packaging>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>HelloSpringMVC Maven Webapp</name>
    <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>3.8.1</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

        <!-- Servlet Library -->
        <!-- http://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet/javax.servlet-api -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>3.1.0</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>

        <!-- Spring dependencies -->
        <!-- http://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-core -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
            <version>4.1.4.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- http://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-web -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
            <version>4.1.4.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- http://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-webmvc -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>4.1.4.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <finalName>HelloSpringMVC</finalName>
        <plugins>
         
            <!-- Config: Maven Tomcat Plugin -->
            <!-- http://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.tomcat.maven/tomcat7-maven-plugin -->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
                <artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.2</version>
                <!-- Config: contextPath and Port (Default - /HelloSpringMVC : 8080) -->
                <!--
                <configuration>
                    <path>/</path>
                    <port>8899</port>
                </configuration>
                -->   
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build> 
</project>

xsi全名：xml schema instance
web-app是web.xml的根节点标签名称
version是版本的意思
xmlns是web.xml文件用到的命名空间
xmlns:xsi是指web.xml遵守xml规范
xsi:schemaLocation是指具体用到的schema资源 

参考：http://www.cnblogs.com/zhao1949/p/5652167.html

web.xml：

<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
   xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
   xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaeehttp://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
   id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">
    
   <display-name>HelloWorldSpring</display-name>
    
   <servlet>
       <servlet-name>spring-mvc</servlet-name>
       <servlet-class>
           org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet
       </servlet-class>
       <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
   </servlet>   
    
   <servlet-mapping>
       <servlet-name>spring-mvc</servlet-name>
       <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
   </servlet-mapping>
 
    <!-- Other XML Configuration -->
   <!-- Load by Spring ContextLoaderListener -->
   <context-param>
       <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
       <param-value>/WEB-INF/root-context.xml</param-value>
   </context-param>
 
    
    <!-- Spring ContextLoaderListener -->
   <listener>
       <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
   </listener>
    
</web-app>

DispatcherServlet是前置控制器，配置在web.xml文件中的。拦截匹配的请求，Servlet拦截匹配规则要自已定义，把拦截下来的请求，依据相应的规则分发到目标Controller来处理，是配置spring MVC的第一步

spring-mvc-servlet.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.1.xsd 
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.1.xsd 
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.1.xsd">
 
   <context:component-scan base-package="com.spring.mvc"/>
    
   <context:annotation-config/>
    
   <bean
       class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">//视图名称解析器
        
       <property name="prefix">
           <value>/WEB-INF/pages/</value><!-- 前缀 -->
       </property>
        <!-- 这里前缀/WEB-INF/pages/+HelloWorldController.java返回的helloworld+后缀.jsp = /WEB-INF/pages/helloworld.jsp --> 
　　　　<property name="suffix"> <value>.jsp</value><!-- 后缀 --> </property> 
　　</bean> 
</beans>

root-context.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
   xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
 
  <!-- Empty -->
 
</beans>

HelloWorldController.java：

package com.spring.mvc;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
 
@Controller //负责注册一个bean 到spring 上下文中
public class HelloWorldController {
 
    @RequestMapping("/hello")//注解为控制器指定可以处理哪些 URL 请求
    public String hello(Model model) {
         
        model.addAttribute("hello", "哈喽 Spring MVC!");
         
        return"helloworld";
         
    }
 
}

index.jsp：

<html>
<body>
<h2>Hello World!</h2>
</body>
</html>

运行应用程序之前，需要构建整个项目。

右键单击该项目并选择：

• Run As/Maven install

运行配置：

•  Run HelloSpringMVC
• ${workspace_loc:/HelloSpringMVC}
• tomcat7:run

然后运行

访问http://localhost:8080/HelloSpringMVC/

访问http://localhost:8080/HelloSpringMVC/hello

 --------------------------------完毕-------------------------------

 修改HelloWorldController.java

package com.spring.mvc;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
 
@Controller
public class HelloWorldController {
 
    @RequestMapping("/hello")
    public String hello(Model model) {
         
        model.addAttribute("hello", "哈喽 Spring MVC!");
         
        return"helloworld";
         
    }
    //在方法中使用 HttpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse 
    @RequestMapping("/requestResponse")
    public String requestResponseExample(HttpServletRequest request,
            HttpServletResponse reponses, Model model) {
        
        model.addAttribute("hello", "哈喽 requestResponse");
        return "helloworld";
    }
 
}

访问http://localhost:8080/HelloSpringMVC/requestResponse

 --------------------------------完毕-------------------------------

重定向到另一页面

修改HelloWorldController.java

package com.spring.mvc;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
 
@Controller
public class HelloWorldController {
 
    @RequestMapping("/hello")
    public String hello(Model model) {
         
        model.addAttribute("hello", "/hi被redirect到了/hello");
         
        return"helloworld";
         
    }
    
    @RequestMapping("/requestResponse")
    public String requestResponseExample(HttpServletRequest request,
            HttpServletResponse reponses, Model model) {
        
        model.addAttribute("hello", "哈喽 requestResponse");
        return "helloworld";
    }
    
    @RequestMapping(value = "/hi", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public String hi(Model model) {
        
        return "redirect:/hello";
    }
 
}

访问http://localhost:8080/HelloSpringMVC/hi

地址会变成http://localhost:8080/HelloSpringMVC/hello

 --------------------------------完毕-------------------------------

新增RequestParamExampleController.java

package com.spring.mvc;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
 
@Controller
public class RequestParamExampleController {
     
    @RequestMapping("/user")
    public String userInfo(Model model,
            @RequestParam(value = "name", defaultValue = "Guest") String name) {
 
        model.addAttribute("name", name);
 
        if("admin".equals(name)) {
            model.addAttribute("age", "18");
        } else{
            model.addAttribute("age", "0");
        }
        return "userInfo";
    }
  
}

新增userInfo.jsp:

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"
    pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
    <h2>${name}</h2>
     Age: ${age}
</body>
</html>

访问http://localhost:8080/HelloSpringMVC/user：

访问http://localhost:8080/HelloSpringMVC/user?name=admin

 --------------------------------完毕-------------------------------

 添加PathVariableExampleController.java

package com.spring.mvc;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
 
@Controller
public class PathVariableExampleController {
  
 
    /**
     * @PathVariable Example:
     *
     */
    @RequestMapping("/web/fe/{sitePrefix}/{language}/document/{id}/{naturalText}")//URI模板

public String documentView(Model model, @PathVariable(value = "sitePrefix") String sitePrefix, @PathVariable(value = "language") String language, @PathVariable(value = "id") Long id, @PathVariable(value = "naturalText") String naturalText) { model.addAttribute("sitePrefix", sitePrefix); model.addAttribute("language", language); model.addAttribute("id", id); model.addAttribute("naturalText", naturalText); String documentName = "love"; if(id == 888) { documentName = "love888"; } model.addAttribute("documentName", documentName); return "documentView"; } }

添加documentView.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
    <h3>${documentName}</h3>
    Site Prefix: ${sitePrefix}
    <br> Language: ${language}
    <br> ID: ${id}
    <br> Natural Text: ${naturalText}
    <br>
</body>
</html>

访问http://localhost:8080/HelloSpringMVC/web/fe/love/you/document/000/spring-mvc

访问http://localhost:8080/HelloSpringMVC/web/fe/love/you/document/888/spring-mvc

 --------------------------------完毕-------------------------------

 使用@ResponseBody和方法返回字符串

新增ResponseBodyExample1Controller.java

package com.spring.mvc;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
 
@Controller
public class ResponseBodyExample1Controller {
 
    // Simple example, method returns String.
    @RequestMapping(value = "/ResponseBody")
    @ResponseBody
    public String authorInfo(Model model) {
        return "I love you";
    }
 
     
}

访问http://localhost:8080/HelloSpringMVC/ResponseBody

此处不需要“.jsp”文件即可显示

 --------------------------------完毕-------------------------------

 参考：http://www.cnblogs.com/sunniest/p/4555801.html

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